猪圆环病毒2型感染对猪繁殖与呼吸综合征灭活疫苗体液免疫的影响

本试验采用ELISA方法对单独接种猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)变异株灭活苗组(HP组,n=3)和PCV2感染且出现病毒血症后接种PRRSV变异株灭活苗组(PCV2/HP组,n=3)不同时相血清中的PRRSV抗体进行检测;并对HP和PCV2/HP组血清中PCV2特异的抗体和核酸分别进行ELISA和荧光定量PCR检测。结果表明,在首免后70 d HP组血清平均抗体效价极显著高于PCV2/HP组(P<0.01);首免后56、63和77 d HP组平均抗体效价明显高于PCV2/HP组。其中在首免后56和63 d HP组抗体阳性率均达67%(2/3),PCV2/HP组在相应时相抗体阳性率为0;在首免后70和77 d HP组抗体阳性率均达100%(3/3),PCV2/HP组在相应时相抗体阳性率仅为0和33%(1/3)。结果提示PCV2感染可在一定程度上抑制PRRSV变异株(JXA1)特异性的抗体反应。     

非特异性效应细胞抗旋毛虫感染作用机制研究进展

先天性免疫细胞由树突细胞、肥大细胞、巨噬细胞、嗜酸粒细胞和天然杀伤细胞组成。旋毛虫入侵机体后,这些先天性免疫细胞作为前沿免疫防御系统,首先快速发挥各自作用,并诱发更加有效的Th2型免疫应答,在保护机体免受重大损伤、抵制并排除旋毛虫方面起着必不可少的作用。论文详细综述了旋毛虫感染机体后,机体先天性免疫细胞的作用方式、作用机制以及相关免疫分子的研究进展。     

113份饲草型六倍体小黑麦种质饲草产量与品质性状的评价

种质资源是遗传研究与作物改良的基础。饲草产量与品质是决定饲草型小黑麦品种利用价值的重要指标。本研究以113份国内外小黑麦种质为材料,通过2年田间种植,对其饲草产量与品质性状进行了分析与评价。结果表明参试小黑麦种质的饲草产量及其品质性状存在极显著差异,其单株鲜草产量分别为36.000～111.560 g与36.310～159.780 g,单株干草产量分别为12.000～27.000 g与9.150～30.150 g,鲜干比分别为2.380～4.370与2.610～6.210,饲草粗蛋白含量分别为6.894%～13.259%与6.680%～14.304%,饲草中性洗涤纤维含量分别为48.480%～74.850%与53.850%～67.980%,酸性洗涤纤维含量分别为26.600%～42.780%与29.000%～39.280%,饲草的相对饲用价值分别为69.650～128.150与79.840～113.170。饲草产量与品质性状的多样性指数范围为1.974～2.075。主成分分析表明,饲草纤维品质因子、饲草产量因子与综合品质因子为前3个主成分,其累计贡献率为82.198%。依据单株干草产量...     

Work-related increases in titer of Campylobacter jejuni antibody among workers at a chicken processing plant in Miyazaki prefecture,Japan, independent of individual ingestion of edible raw chicken meat

Workers in poultry abattoirs may be frequently exposed to Campylobacter jejuni, which is a leading cause of bacterial food poisoning in Japan. The present study was conducted to measure the titers of IgG and IgA antibodies against C. jejuni among 104 female workers in a chicken processing plant in Miyazaki prefecture, Japan. Information regarding habitual ingestion of raw chicken meat and potential occupational risk factors was collected using a questionnaire. Acid extracts of four C. jejuni strains representing the genotypes most dominant in Miyazaki were used as antigens. The levels of both immunoglobulins measured by ELISA were not correlated with ingestion of edible raw chicken meat, the amount consumed in one sitting, or its frequency. Although age was correlated with antibody levels, the length of employment was not. Furthermore, the IgG and IgA levels in workers at the evisceration step were significantly higher than those at other locations in the plant. To identify the bacterial proteins recognized by the workers’ IgG and IgA antibodies, Western blotting followed by LC/MS was conducted. Flagellin was identified as the common protein recognized in the sera of workers for whom ELISA demonstrated both the highest and lowest antibody levels. We concluded that the titers of IgG and IgA against C. jejuni in workers at the processing plant had been increased by occupational exposure to Campylobacter, regardless of raw chicken meat ingestion.     

星点设计-效应面优化法对女贞子多糖的提取工艺研究

研究旨在采用星点设计-效应面优化法优选女贞子多糖的最佳提取工艺条件.以浸泡时间、液料比和提取时间为考察因素,多糖提取率作为评价指标,并进行二项式拟合,描绘三维效应面,从效应面上优选较佳的实验条件.结果显示,二项式拟合复相关系数R2为0.775,女贞子多糖最佳提取工艺为加12倍量水浸泡90 min,提取110 min.该工艺为提高女贞子多糖的提取率提供了实验基础,并为进一步的工业化生产提供实验依据.     

家蚕品种飞·鹤×祥·云原原种主要性状的统计分析

为了掌握家蚕品种飞.鹤×祥.云原原种长期繁育过程中存在的种性退化现象,采用数据分析软件检测其2003-2010年间主要性状的变异性和相关性。结果表明:4个原种的全茧量、茧层量、茧层率、幼虫生命率的变化均较小,死笼率的变化范围较大,基本保持了该品种的优良种性。     

银翘天甘含药血清制备工艺的优化

本研究通过单因素试验和响应面分析设计优化银翘天甘醇提物制剂含药血清的制备工艺,研究采血时间、给药次数及给药浓度对小鼠血清中绿原酸含量的影响。结果表明,银翘天甘醇提物制剂含药血清最佳制备工艺条件为:给药浓度为0.024 g/mL,给药4次,于最后一次给药后33 min采血。此条件下含药血清中绿原酸含量达到33.34μg/mL。     

2000~2017年蒙古高原积雪时空变化及其对气候响应研究

利用MOD10A1积雪产品逐像元提取积雪覆盖率、积雪日数、初雪日期、终雪日期,分析2000~2017年间蒙古高原各积雪参数的分布特征、变化及其与气温、降水的关系,为蒙古高原长期生态环境保护和应对全球变化制定适应对策提供参考依据。研究结果表明:(1)蒙古高原积雪覆盖率介于24~47%之间,且呈现"北部多南部少"的分布特点。积雪覆盖率最大出现在2002年,为46.02%;最小出现在2014年,为24.72%;1月份积雪覆盖率最大,为46.04%。积雪日数在46~82d之间,且呈现"北部长南部短"的分布特点,西北局部地区可达140d以上。积雪覆盖率和积雪日数以不明显的减少趋势为主,但西北部蒙古阿尔泰山、杭爱山,东部呼伦贝尔、锡林郭勒北侧和大兴安岭西侧小部分地区呈显著增长趋势。初雪日期北部出现早,南部晚,分布在第317~343d之间。终雪日期北部出现晚,南部早,分布在第45~63d之间。初雪日期和终雪日期均有不同程度的提前。(2)初步研究表明气温变化对积雪影响程度大于降水变化的影响。(3)整体上,蒙古高原积雪覆盖率随海拔升高而增大,但小尺度范围内,不同海拔地区积雪覆盖率变化多样。     

Immunopathology of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Dirofilaria immitis</Emphasis> Infection

Heartworm disease caused by Dirofilaria immitis affects canine and feline hosts, with infections occasionally being reported in humans. Studies have shown that both dirofilarial antigens and those derived from its bacterial endosymbiont Wolbachia, interact with the host organism during canine, feline and human infections and participate in the development of the pathology and in the regulation of the host’s immune response. Both innate and acquired immune responses are observed and the development of the acquired response may depend on the host and, or on its parasitological status. This review aims at illustrating current research on the role of both D. immitis and Wolbachia, in the immunology and immunopathology of dirofilariosis.