东方百合四倍体及2 n雌配子杂种后代RAPD分析

对组培条件下秋水仙素诱变的东方百合四倍体及2 n雌配子杂种后代进行了RAPD分析.结果表明：东方百合四倍体诱导过程中,少数植株除了染色体数目加倍以外,还存在DNA序列的改变;2 n雌配子杂种后代RAPD分析表现出丰富的遗传多样性,少数植株RAPD分析差异巨大,特别是T8无性后代存在较大的性状差异,个别植株经RAPD分析与其他单株存在较大的差异.     

孵化后温度调控对虹鳟全雌家系早期生长性能的影响

本研究以建立的虹鳟（Oncorhynchus mykiss）全雌全同胞家系为研究对象,受精卵在12℃避光孵化至上浮,上浮后设置了四个温度处理组进行饲育,分别为12℃、15℃、18℃、20℃和水温4～7℃之间（平均水温约为6℃）常规涌泉水流水养殖对照组。30d后,所有处理组均转入与对照组相同条件的流水养殖。生长性能数据采...     

The effect of maternal size on larval characteristics of Persian sturgeon Acipenser persicus

The objective of this work was to study the relationship between female size (weight) and variables of egg and larval stage of Persian sturgeon Acipenser persicus . In this study, 19 female breeders were captured in Caspian Sea and fertilized by routine methods. Positive significant correlations ( P <0.05) were established between female weight and ovulated eggs per female, time of second mitosis division and volume of yolk-sac at hatching. There was not significant correlation ( r =0.33, P =0.161) between female weight and egg diameter. Female weight was not affected weight of larvae at hatching time ( r =0.37, P =0.119), as well as larval length ( r =−0.14, P =0.558) and larval weight at the end of the experiment (48 hours after first feeding) ( r =0.16, P =0.491). Mortality rate during yolk-sac absorption was higher with increased female weight but their correlation was not significant ( r =0.40, P =0.076). During the first feeding stage, mortality rate was 13.39% and there was no significant correlation between mortality rate in this period and female weight ( r =−0.12, P =0.613). Conclusively, as a result female size influenced fecundity, time of second mitosis division and yolk-sac volume at hatching time without affecting mortality rate during yolk-sac absorption and first feeding stage in Persian sturgeon. Thus, smaller female broods do not cause more mortality than larger ones in larval production and they can be used in reproduction procedure.     

铁盐对海带雌配子体生长发育的影响

为探明铁盐对不同品种(系)以及相同品种(系)在不同生长条件下海带雌配子体的影响,通过添加不同质量浓度的Fe3+,对培养在低温弱光[(10.0±1.0)℃、2μmol/(m2·s),L]和高温强光[(15.0±1.0)℃、80μmol/(m2·s),H]条件下的901、韩国海带和连杂1号3个品种(系)海带雌配子体...     

全雄奥利亚罗非鱼的制种与应用研究

为获得全雄奥利亚罗非鱼(Oreochromis aurea),对WZ♀-ZZ♂类型的奥利亚罗非鱼采用原系(ZZ♂)与转化系(ZZ△♀)二系配套技术,控制遗传全雄鱼的性别。根据泄殖器特征对转化后的实验鱼进行性別鉴定,确定性别。对实验鱼的外部形态、内部结构进行生物学描述。统计并观察实验鱼的雄性率、生长和发育状况。总结全雄奥利亚罗非鱼在应用中的优势,以期为奥利亚罗非鱼养殖业的发展指明方向。     

小体鲟卵黄雌性蛋白分离纯化及抗血清的研制

采用凝胶柱层析法,对小体鲟(Acipenser ruthenusLinnaeus)卵黄蛋白粗提液进行分离纯化。小体鲟卵黄蛋白粗提液的质量浓度为25.04 mg/mL,经Sephadex G-200层析后出现3个蛋白峰。用聚丙烯凝胶电泳、免疫印迹(Western-blotting)和免疫扩散等方法研究表明,小体鲟卵黄蛋白由分子量分别为132.1 kD、97.4 kD、85.9 kD、67.0 kD、59.2 kD、47.6 kD、30 kD、14.3 kD和12.8 kD的9个亚基组成;层析后峰B蛋白为卵黄雌性特异蛋白(yolk female specific protein,YFSP),是一种糖脂磷蛋白,具有雌性特异性和组织特异性,抗体具有种属特异性。Western-blotting结果表明,卵黄雌性特异蛋白(YFSP)与血清雌性蛋白(FSSP)免疫印迹图谱上都显示分子量为97.4 kD和30 kD的2条杂交带,可见两种蛋白在免疫原性上具有相似性,可以用卵黄雌性蛋白抗血清代替卵黄蛋白原抗血清对卵黄蛋白原进行检测     

雌性双峰驼生殖道粘膜免疫组织和细胞的结构与分布

应用光镜和透射电镜观察12峰雌性双峰驼生殖道粘膜免疫组织和细胞的结构与分布。结果显示，输卵管、子宫和阴道的粘膜上皮以及子宫腺上皮内普遍分布着上皮内淋巴细胞（IEL），尤其在子宫颈后段和阴道前段的上皮中可见淋巴细胞浸润现象。从输卵管伞到阴道，固有膜内分布有数量不等的固有层淋巴细胞（LPL）、浆细胞、巨噬细胞和嗜中性粒细胞，在子宫角、子宫体和子宫颈固有膜中还出现淋巴小结，小结内含有一种成群分布的强嗜伊红细胞，细胞大而有突起。子宫颈粘膜上皮和腺上皮内还见嗜中性粒细胞，这些细胞有时充满于子宫颈腺腔内。在子宫（尤其子宫角）固有膜深层和浅肌层分布着成群的肥大细胞，肥大细胞在孕驼子宫内明显减少。母驼生殖道粘膜形成的众多皱襞和腺体大大增加了上皮表面积，进而增大了粘膜免疫组织和细胞的数量。结果提示，双峰驼生殖道具有强大的粘膜免疫功能。     

‘妃子笑’早花果与晚花果果实发育和糖积累动态及品质差异的比较

以同一株‘妃子笑’荔枝不同花期果实为研究对象,探讨它们在果实发育和糖组分动态及品质方面的差异．研究结果表明：早花果和晚花果的果实及其各组织的生长型均为单s型,其果实发育时期均可划分为Ⅰ期和Ⅱ期,第Ⅱ期又可划分Ⅱa期和Ⅱb期,所不同的是,早花果的Ⅰ期比晚花果要长10d．推测晚花果假种皮在Ⅱb期生长受抑的现象主要还是由于Ⅰ期和Ⅱa期的果皮和种皮生长受到抑制的结果．早花果的糖分积累主要发生在Ⅱa期,晚花果的糖分积累则主要发生在Ⅱb期,它们均是以积累还原糖为主,成熟时两者在总糖及其各组分之间并无显著差别．早花果比晚花果品质好主要表现在果大、含酸量低、固酸比高等方面．     

龟纹瓢虫生殖系统及卵子发生观察

[目的]龟纹瓢虫捕食蚜虫、粉虱、木虱等多种害虫,是农林业重要天敌昆虫.掌握龟纹瓢虫雌雄内生殖系统结构及卵细胞生成过程,为龟纹瓢虫人工繁育提供理论依据.[方法]采用组织石蜡切片技术和内部解剖,在光学显微镜下观察龟纹瓢虫雌雄成虫内生殖器及卵子发生过程.[结果]龟纹瓢虫雄性内生殖系统包括1对精巢、1对雄性附腺、1对输精管、贮...     

Uterine Expression of WNT7A and β-catenin After Induction of Oestrus in Sheep

WNT7A and β-catenin localisations and roles in regulating periimplantation ovine conceptus development under natural estrous conditions have been elaborated.However,their locations and expression patterns have not been reported under induction of oestrus.The localisation,expression and function of WNT7A and β-catenin in the uterine tissues of the early pregnant and non-pregnant sheep on days 10,12,14,16 and 18 following artificial induction of oestrus were investigated by means of in situ hybridisation,real-time RT-PCR,immuno-histochemistry and western blotting methods.WNT7A and β-catenin mRNA and protein were both restricted to the apical surfaces of the uterine luminal epithelium (LE) and glandular epithelium (GE).In pregnant sheep,protein localisation of WNT7A and β-catenin was observed both in the endometrial LE and GE.Their staining presented on day 10,increased between day 12 and day 16,and decreased on day 18.WNT7A and β-catenin mRNA and protein expression increased initially and then decreased from day 10 to day 18,peaking on day 16,and β-catenin reaching a peak on day 18 in the uterine tissues of pregnant sheep (p0.05).By contrast,no significant changes in WNT7A and β-catenin mRNA and protein expression levels were observed from day 10 to day 18 of the oestrus cycle in the uterine tissues of non-pregnant sheep (p0.05).Additionally,WNT7A and β-catenin mRNA and protein expression levels in the uterine tissues of the early pregnant sheep were significantly higher than those of non-pregnant sheep (p0.05).Treatment of endometrial epithelial cells with WNT7A increased the mRNA expressions of β-catenin,c-myc and Cyclin D1.These results provided an underlying mechanism of periimplantation ovine conceptus development under induction of oestrus.