绿虎天牛属雌雄生殖器的比较研究

记述了绿虎天牛属Chlorophorus 8个种的雌雄生殖器，比较研究了该属雌雄生殖器的结构特点，结果表明，雌雄生殖器解剖性状在绿虎天牛属内是稳定的，在种间存在明显的差异，雌雄生殖器解剖特征可以作为该属分种的依据，是可靠的分类性状。     

Interspecific hybridization between Coffea arabica L. and tetraploid C. canephora P. ex Fr. I. Fertility in F1 hybrids and backcrosses to C. Arabica

Summary The interspecific (C. arabica × tetraploid C. canephora) F₁ hybrid showed a low but highly variable fertility. An almost complete restoration to normal fertility was observed in individual trees of BC₁ and BC₂ generations with C. arabica as recurrent parent. From a comparison of various tests of fertility, it was found that pollen viability is a satisfactory measure of fertility.     

光敏色素与光敏感雌性不育苎麻育性转换的关系

利用红光（R）/远红光（FR）逆转的标准试验技术，对光周期敏感雌性不育苎麻（PFSR）进行长暗期（14 h/d）光间断处理。结果表明R间断诱导雌性败育，延迟现蕾和开花；而FR可以逆转R的效应，使雌性可育；暗间断对雄性的育性没有明显影响。暗示光敏色素是PFSR雌性育性光敏性的光受体。     

Chemically induced sterility in wheat for hybrid seed production

Summary The gametocidal effects of RH-531, RH-532, and RH-2956 were studied with three rates and times of foliar application on two spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties, Anza and Yecora 70. RH-531 and RH-532 applied at or before booting stage caused rather large reduction in plant height while RH-2956 had a small effect on height. Application of any of the three chemicals on Anza at meiotic stages reduced self-pollination (SP) fertility by 97–99%. If 90% SP fertility reduction is acceptable, the application time could vary from premeiosis to postmeiosis for Anza. Yecora 70 was less sensitive than Anza to gametocide treatments. The lowest SP fertility obtained in Yecora 70 with RH-531, RH-532, and RH-2956 was by treatment at booting (4 kg/ha), at premeiosis (2 kg/ha), and heading (8 kg/ha), and the corresponding SP fertility reductions were 74, 89, and 71%. Pollen stainability-determined by aceto-carmine, IKI, and Alexander's stains-was not affected by gametocide treatment and was not useful in evaluating sterility induced by these chemicals. For the RH-531-treated Anza and Yecora 70 and the RH-532-treated Anza, more than 94% of the seeds produced by open-pollination on treated plants were from self-or sib-pollination as determined by progeny testing. However, RH-532-treated Yecora 70 and RH-2956-treated Anza and Yecora 70 did result in more crossed seeds, with a maximum of 20% outcrossing. It was believed that spike compactness induced by the chemicals and the related poor flower opening were the major limitations for outcrossing. Artificial pollinations made to the test varieties showed that RH-531 induced both male and female sterility and was undesirable for practical use. RH-532, however, could be applied at the booting stage to avoid severe female sterility, and RH-2956 clearly was the best of the three chemicals, with the female fertility very close to those of the untreated checks of both Anza and Yecora 70. Of the three chemicals, RH-2956 gave the highest percentage of hybrid plants in the progeny of hand-or open-pollinated spikes. Its practical use for hybrid seed production, however, will depend largely on improvement of methods to increase cross pollination in wheat.     

麻疯树花的形态和解剖结构

对麻疯树花序、雌花及雄花连续石蜡切片进行观察,结果表明:同一花序不同分枝上花的发育下部枝早于上部枝。同一花序分枝上位于二歧聚伞花序的中央的花发育早期早于两边的花。雌花在发育上经过两性时期,但雄蕊后来停止发育,形成功能上的单性花;雄花的发育则不经过两性时期,即在结构和功能上均为单性花。胚珠原基在发育过程中生长方向发生约90°改变,最终形成倒生胚珠。     

杀雄剂SQ-1诱导小麦雄性不育大田生产制种技术的研究

研究了在杂交小麦大田制种条件下,花期调节剂对以SQ-1杀雄剂诱导的小麦雄性不育母本异交结实率的作用;同时还比较了父本盛花期采用机动授粉器进行人工辅助授粉的基础上,父母本不同行比下的母本异交结实率.结果表明,花期调节剂对提高杂交小麦大田制种母本的异交结实率有极显著的效果;父本盛花期采用机动授粉器进行人工辅助授粉的条件下,父母本8∶8行比可以有足够的花粉供应,适合大田小麦杂交制种,应加以推广与应用.     

肉牛早孕因子（EPF）的活性检测及分离纯化

【目的】检测怀孕肉牛早孕因子(Early pregnancy factor,EPF)的活性,并对其进行分离纯化,以期为EPF快速检测方法的建立提供依据。【方法】采集妊娠1~9个月的肉牛血样,并进行妊娠诊断,通过玫瑰花环抑制试验(Rosette inhibition test,RIT)检测其早孕因子的活性。对有活性的血样依次进行DEAE-52离子交换层析、ConASepharose 4B亲和层析和Heparin Sepharose Cl 6B亲和层析,分离纯化EPF,对纯化产物进行SDS-PAGE检测,并测定其等电点。【结果】怀孕牛和未怀孕牛血清的玫瑰花环抑制滴度差异显著(P<0.05)。玫瑰花环抑制试验显示,纯化出的EPF具有活性,其分子质量为53.6 ku,等电点为6.8。【结论】利用玫瑰花环抑制试验检测早孕因子活性,可以鉴定肉牛的妊娠状态;利用层析的方法可以分离出早孕因子的活性蛋白。     

家禽性别控制的研究进展

家禽性别控制在畜牧生产中具有重要意义。综述了禽类的性别决定和性别分化的理论基础，并介绍了利用外源激素、免疫学方法、性控液处理，以及使用增强其机体氧化过程的溶液等方法，对家禽进行性别控制，以提高其雌性比例。     

东方百合四倍体及2 n雌配子杂种后代RAPD分析

对组培条件下秋水仙素诱变的东方百合四倍体及2 n雌配子杂种后代进行了RAPD分析.结果表明：东方百合四倍体诱导过程中,少数植株除了染色体数目加倍以外,还存在DNA序列的改变;2 n雌配子杂种后代RAPD分析表现出丰富的遗传多样性,少数植株RAPD分析差异巨大,特别是T8无性后代存在较大的性状差异,个别植株经RAPD分析与其他单株存在较大的差异.     

内蒙古細毛羊妊娠后期(90—150天)母羊能量和蛋白质需要量的研究

本研究旨在确定内蒙古细毛羊妊娠后期(90—150天)母羊对能量和蛋白质的需要量。选34只妊娠后期内蒙古细毛羊,按相似配对原则随机分为三组,供给不同的能量、蛋白质水平(低、中、高)。经饲养、消化代谢及屠宰试验测定出不同营养水平下羔羊初生重、试验期母体增重及胎产物、母体蛋白质和能量的沉积量并计算出饲料利用率。另外,每隔20天每组选三只羊采血,分析血液中血清总蛋白和血糖含量。最后根据上述指标综合评价营养水平对母羊的满足程度,用回归析因方法计算出代谢能和粗蛋白质的需要量。公式如下:MER-117.2W(0.75) 0.1338×10~(2.995 1.149lgx) {627.7(单羔) 697.4(双羔)}CPR=0.8818W 5.562×10~(0.0984 1.171lgx) {85.39(单羔) 67.84(双羔)} 式中:MER、CPR分别表示代谢能(千克/日/只)和粗蛋白质(克/日/只)的需要量。 W为母羊体重(kg),x为羔羊初生重(kg)