绿虎天牛属雌雄生殖器的比较研究

记述了绿虎天牛属Chlorophorus 8个种的雌雄生殖器，比较研究了该属雌雄生殖器的结构特点，结果表明，雌雄生殖器解剖性状在绿虎天牛属内是稳定的，在种间存在明显的差异，雌雄生殖器解剖特征可以作为该属分种的依据，是可靠的分类性状。     

成蜂饲养密度和繁蜂益害比对阿里山潜蝇茧蜂子代的影响

当成蜂饲养密度为300对.笼-1时,子代雌蜂数量占总出蜂量的60.34%;随着成蜂饲养密度的增大,子代雌蜂比例逐渐降低;当成蜂饲养密度达700对.笼-1时,子代雌蜂所占比例降至38.30%.当寄主橘小实蝇卵与寄生蜂雌蜂的比例为5∶1时,寄主发育至蛹期的数量和羽化的寄生蜂数量分别为10.25粒和8.88只;随着寄主卵比例的增大,寄生蜂子代出蜂量也随之增多;当寄主卵与寄生蜂雌蜂的比例增至25∶1后,寄生蜂子代出蜂量不再增多.     

余甘(Phyllanthus emblica L.)大小孢子发生及雌雄配子体发育研究

采用常规石蜡切片技术,对平丹1号余甘大小孢子发生及雌雄配子体发育进行研究.结果表明:药壁发育为双子叶型;绒毡层为腺质绒毡层;小孢子母细胞减数分裂时胞质分裂为同时型;产生四面体形四分体;成熟的花粉粒为二细胞型花粉;平丹1号余甘的雌蕊为上位子房,3心皮3室,每室含倒生胚珠2枚,为厚珠心,具珠心喙,胚囊为蓼形;平丹1号余甘部分大孢子母细胞、大孢子及胚囊发育异常,致使不能形成正常的卵细胞,不能进行受精.     

金雀异黄素对雌性大鼠体内促性腺激素及胰岛素样生长因子表达的影响

本试验旨在研究金雀异黄素(genistein,GEN)对雌性大鼠体内促性腺激素及胰岛素样生长因子表达的影响。选取40只SD雌性大鼠[体重(200±20)g],随机分为5组,分别为阴性对照(NC)组、GEN低(L)、中(M)、高剂量(H)组及阳性对照(PC)组,每组8只,NC组灌胃花生油(其他组灌胃试剂以此为溶剂);L、M、H组分别灌胃15、30、60 mg/(kg BW·d)GEN,PC组灌胃己烯雌酚0.5 mg/(kg BW·d)。试验期30 d。采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)法检测血清中卵泡刺激素(FSH)、黄体生成素(LH)、胰岛素样生长因子-1(IGF-1)、胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白-1(IGFBP-1)含量;实时定量PCR法检测卵巢IGF-1、IGFBP-1 mRNA表达水平。结果表明:与NC组比较,试验组血清中FSH、LH含量有升高趋势,但差异不显著(P0.05),作用效果与PC组一致;试验组血清IGF-1含量略有降低,但差异不显著(P0.05),PC组显著降低(P0.05);试验组血清IGFBP-1含量显著或极显著升高(P0.05或P0.01),PC组显著升高(P0.05);试验组卵巢组织中IGF-1、IGFBP-1 mRNA表达水平均升高,其中M、H组显著升高(P0.05),与PC组变化一致。由此可见,GEN能够提高雌性大鼠血清FSH、LH含量、降低血清IGF-1含量、提高血清IGFBP-1含量,同时提高卵巢中IG FBP-1、IG F-1 mRNA的表达水平,这些指标协同作用于卵巢,能够促进卵泡的成熟,调节卵巢功能。     

玉簪花序水平上雌性适合度成分变化及种子数量与大小权衡关系研究

研究了碧峰峡自然保护区多年生草本植物玉簪花序水平上雌性适合度成分变化.玉簪每花胚珠数由基部向顶部逐渐降低.在自然条件下,每果结籽率由基部向顶部增加,每果种子数以中部最高,基部最低.每果单粒种子重量由基部向顶部降低,以基部最高.而每果种子总重不依赖于部位而变化.每果种子数与每果单粒种子均重存在权衡关系.     

东北虎雌性生殖系统解剖

对 2例 1 999年 1 0月意外死亡的东北虎雌性生殖系统进行了解剖。雌性东北虎的卵巢被覆卵巢囊 ,随着年龄增长卵巢表面凸凹不平 ,呈脑的沟回状。输卵管位于卵巢游离缘外侧 ,呈半圆形围绕着卵巢 ,输卵管壶腹部弯曲、峡部直 ;子宫与输卵管分界明显 ;子宫角长度约相当于子宫体长度的 2倍 ;阴道呈背腹压扁的管状     

Effect of oak (Quercus persica) acorn level on apparent digestibility,ruminal fermentation,nitrogen balance and urinary purine derivatives in pregnant goats

The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effect of dietary oak (Quercus persica) acorn (OA) level on dry matter intake (DMI), apparent nutrient digestibility, nitrogen (N) utilization, ruminal fermentation, protozoa population and urinary purine derivatives (PD) during the last 60 days of goat pregnancy. Twenty‐four multiparous pregnant goats (41.7 ± 2.3 kg BW) were assigned to one of three experimental diets consisted of control diet (C, without OA) and diets containing 20 (OA₂₀) or 40 g/100 g of OA (OA₄₀) on a DM basis in a completely randomized block design. Goats fed OA₄₀ had lower DMI (p < .01), DM (p < .01), OM (p < .01) and NDF (p < .05) digestibility, ruminal NH₃‐N concentration (p < .01), N intake (p < .01) and N retention (p < .01). Crude protein digestibility and ruminal acetate and total volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration were lower in animals fed OA‐contained diets (p < .01), whereas ruminal propionate concentration was higher in goats fed the C diet (p < .01). Animals fed OA₄₀ had higher faecal N excretion and lower urinary N excretion (p < .01). Urinary PD was lower in goats fed diets containing OA in relation to those fed the C diet (p < .01). Total protozoa population decreased linearly with increasing OA level in the diet (p < .05). These results suggest that feeding OA, especially high level, has negative impacts on DMI, nutrient digestibility, VFA concentration, N retention and urinary PD excretion that may have adverse effects on metabolism and performance of pregnant goats.     

‘妃子笑’早花果与晚花果果实发育和糖积累动态及品质差异的比较

以同一株‘妃子笑’荔枝不同花期果实为研究对象,探讨它们在果实发育和糖组分动态及品质方面的差异．研究结果表明：早花果和晚花果的果实及其各组织的生长型均为单s型,其果实发育时期均可划分为Ⅰ期和Ⅱ期,第Ⅱ期又可划分Ⅱa期和Ⅱb期,所不同的是,早花果的Ⅰ期比晚花果要长10d．推测晚花果假种皮在Ⅱb期生长受抑的现象主要还是由于Ⅰ期和Ⅱa期的果皮和种皮生长受到抑制的结果．早花果的糖分积累主要发生在Ⅱa期,晚花果的糖分积累则主要发生在Ⅱb期,它们均是以积累还原糖为主,成熟时两者在总糖及其各组分之间并无显著差别．早花果比晚花果品质好主要表现在果大、含酸量低、固酸比高等方面．     

波尔山羊胚胎数量、质量与受体移植妊娠率的关系

本文就波尔山羊胚胎数量，质量与受体移植妊娠率的关系进行了探讨。结果表明：胚胎质量优劣是直接影响胚胎移植成功率的关键因素。移植胚胎数量因品种不同有差异。移植双胚，奶山羊受体胚胎成羔率53．4％，明显高于成都麻羊胚胎成羔率36．3％，成都麻羊单胚成羔率为66．7％。     

Interspecific hybridization between Coffea arabica L. and tetraploid C. canephora P. ex Fr. I. Fertility in F1 hybrids and backcrosses to C. Arabica

Summary The interspecific (C. arabica × tetraploid C. canephora) F₁ hybrid showed a low but highly variable fertility. An almost complete restoration to normal fertility was observed in individual trees of BC₁ and BC₂ generations with C. arabica as recurrent parent. From a comparison of various tests of fertility, it was found that pollen viability is a satisfactory measure of fertility.