模拟急性低压性低氧对小鼠部分血气指标的影响

为了阐明在模拟急性低压性低氧环境下血气指标的变化趋势,选取BALB/c小鼠作为研究对象,检测了模拟急性低压性低氧时其血液中动脉与静脉的血氧饱和度、氧分压、二氧化碳分压等血液指标的变化。结果表明：随着缺氧时间的延长,BALB/c小鼠动、静脉血氧饱和度差值逐渐增大,24 h后趋于平衡;动、静脉氧分压差随着缺氧时间的延长表现为先降低后增加的趋势;动、静脉二氧化碳分压差随着缺氧时间延长表现为先增加后降低的趋势。该种动态变化主要是由于BALB/c小鼠随着缺氧时间延长,代偿性提高氧的供应、提高氧的利用效率,达到适应缺氧环境的目的。     

Establishment of a transgenic heterozygous mouse model of ApcMin/+ precancerosis of colorectal cancer with p110δ mutation

AIM：To establish a transgenic heterozygous mouse model of precancerous lesions of colorectal cancer with p110δ mutation in the C57BL/6J background for serving the studies on colorectal cancer research mediated by p110δ. METHODS：The transgenic heterozygous mice were generated by crossing in p110δD910A/D910A mouse and ApcMin/+ mouse, and the genotype was detected by PCR. Compared with ApcMin/+ mice, transgenic heterozygous mice (ApcMin/+; p110δD910A/D910A)were counted, and the number and size of intestine polyps were analyzed after methylene blue staining. The intestinal tissue structure was assessed by HE staining. RESULTS：The transgenic heterozygous mouse model of precancerous lesions of colorectal cancer with p110δ mutation was established. The number and size of polyps in the transgenic heterozygous mice were declined. CONCLUSION：A transgenic heterozygous mouse model of precancerous lesions of colorectal cancer with p110δ mutation was successfully established. The initial phenotype of intestinal tumors in transgenic mice was observed. This model will greatly contribute to the related research of colorectal cancer in mice.     

基于细菌表面展示技术的猪链球菌病-副猪嗜血杆菌病二联亚单位疫苗的小鼠保护效果评价

为评价猪链球菌病-副猪嗜血杆菌病表面展示二联亚单位疫苗对小鼠的保护效果,本研究在应用融合PCR构建副猪嗜血杆菌(HPS)保护性抗原AfuA-OppA2和CdtB-OppA基因的串联序列基础上,将其分别插入pMD-28a-INP-His表面展示质粒,并将猪链球菌(SS)保护性抗原MRP、SLY基因也分别克隆至该表面展示质粒,构建pMD-INP-CdtB-OppA、pMD-INP-AfuA-OppA2、pMD-INP-MRP、pMD-INP-SLY 4种重组质粒,分别转入E.coli BL21(DE3)中诱导表达,使重组蛋白AfuA-OppA2、CdtB-OppA、MRP、SLY分别展示于E.coli BL21(DE3)的菌体表面。将灭活后的4种重组大肠杆菌按等质量比混合并添加ISA 201佐剂乳化制成表面展示二联亚单位疫苗,间隔14 d两次免疫KM小鼠,另设含rAfuA、rOppA2、rCdtB、rOppA、rMRP、rSLY的纯化蛋白亚单位疫苗免疫组、副猪嗜血杆菌-猪链球菌(HPS-SS)灭活疫苗免疫组和PBS对照组,二次免疫后的小鼠血清通过ELISA检测相应抗体和细胞因子水平。随后用HPS血清5型HN10株、血清13型ZD12株和SS血清2型M126株和血清9型GZ2株进行攻毒。结果显示:表面展示二联亚单位疫苗刺激小鼠产生的抗体和细胞因子水平与纯化蛋白亚单位疫苗组相当。用副猪嗜血杆菌5型和13型菌株分别攻毒后,表面展示二联亚单位疫苗对小鼠的保护率均为80%,其对HPS 5型菌株攻毒的小鼠保护率低于纯化蛋白亚单位疫苗(90%),但对HPS 13型菌株攻毒小鼠的保护率高于纯化蛋白亚单位疫苗(60%),且均优于HPS-SS灭活苗(80%和60%)。用SS 2型和9型菌株分别攻毒后,表面展示二联亚单位疫苗对小鼠的保护率为50%和80%,低于纯化蛋白亚单位疫苗的保护效果(100%和80%),优于HPS-SS灭活苗(50%和60%)。以上结果表明,基于表面展示技术的猪链球菌病-副猪嗜血杆菌病二联亚单位疫苗能刺激机体产生相应的抗体,其对HPS血清5型、13型和SS血清2型、9型菌株的攻击均能提供良好的交叉保护,保护效果优于HPS-SS灭活苗。本研究首次为基于表面展示技术的亚单位疫苗的研制提供实验依据,为细菌疫苗的研发提供新思路。     

LPS对小鼠乳腺组织中NF—KB、ACCa和β-CaseinmRNA表达的影晌

为探讨灌注不同质量浓度LPS对小鼠乳腺组织中NF-xB、ACCa和pCaseinmRNA表达的影响，选择30只雌性ICR小鼠为试验动物，受孕后随机分为试验组和对照组，试验组经第4对乳头灌注不同质量浓度LPS（0．1，5，10，50，100mg／L），对照组灌注生理盐水，于灌注后6h采集乳腺组织样品，组织学方法分析乳腺组织的病理变化；采用RT—PCR方法分析乳腺组织中NF_KB、ACCa和B—CaseinmRNA表达的变化。病理切片结果显示，随着LPS灌注浓度的增加，乳腺小叶间炎性细胞数量逐步增加，乳腺小叶内腺泡结构破坏程度也变大；对乳腺组织中NF-xB、ACCa和pCasein的mRNA表达水平进行分析时，发现灌注LPS小鼠乳腺组织中NF-KBmRNA的表达水平随着LPS灌注浓度的增加而逐步增加，而ACCa和pCaseinmRNA的表达水平则随着LPS灌注浓度的增加而逐步降低。结果表明，灌注LPS能够上调N-KBmRNA的表达，下调ACCa和肛CaseinmRNA的表达。     

小鼠抗青霉素和头孢菌素酰化酶抗体制备及交叉反应研究

为探讨用不同方法制备的抗原对抗体效价的影响以及抗体之间的交叉反应 ,采用 3种不同方法制备的抗原分别免疫 BAL B/ c小鼠 ,制备出抗青霉素酰化酶 α亚基、β亚基和抗头孢菌素酰化酶α亚基、β亚基 4种抗体 ,测定了它们的效价 ;同时还比较了用同一种方法制备的抗原免疫小鼠后制作这两类抗体的效价以及上述 4种抗体之间对应抗原的交叉反应。结果表明 ,用割胶法制备的抗原免疫小鼠后所得抗体效价较高 ;同样用割胶法制备的抗原免疫小鼠后所得的两类抗体效价无显著差异 ;在交叉反应测试中 ,抗头孢菌素酰化酶抗体也能识别青霉素酰化酶 ,但抗青霉素酰化酶抗体却几乎不能识别头孢菌素酰化酶 ,即抗头孢菌素酰化酶抗体更为活跃 ,而抗青霉素酰化酶抗体则更为专一。同类抗体对应抗原 2个亚基之间的交叉反应说明其互相结合部位结构的类似 ,同时也说明只有进一步制作单克隆抗体才能筛选出特异性强的抗体     

抗病毒合剂的抗炎作用研究

抗病毒合剂由具有抗病毒、清热、滋阴凉血等作用的中草药经水煎醇沉、浓缩制备而成 ,以小鼠为试验动物模型 ,选择不同剂量 (0 .3ml、0 .5 ml、0 .8m l)研究了该合剂的抗炎作用。结果 :0 .5 m l和 0 .8m l剂量对小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性、小鼠皮肤毛细血管通透性、二甲苯所致小鼠耳壳肿胀及小鼠棉球肉芽肿均有极显著的抑制作用 (P<0 .0 1) ,0 .3m l剂量对前三个试验小鼠也有显著的抑制作用 (P<0 .0 5 )。结论 :该合剂有很强的抗炎作用 ,而且与剂量呈正相关性。     

核酸探针技术在鼠金黄色葡萄球菌流行病学调查中的应用

用金黄色葡萄球菌耐热核酸酶nuc基因特异性核酸探针 ,对江苏和上海 5个实验动物中心送检的 4 2 1份SPF鼠样品进行了检测。有 11份样品为阳性反应结果 ,阳性率 2 6 % ( 11/4 2 1)。结果表明 ,在我国一些实验动物中心SPF鼠群中还存在着金黄色葡萄球菌感染     

复方硝基酚钠的小鼠显性致死试验

本文选用Ｂａｌｂ／Ｃ雄性小鼠和昆明系雌性小鼠进行显性致死试验研究鱼虾促生长药物添加剂复方硝基酚钠对雄性生殖细胞的致突变性。设３个复方硝基酚钠剂量组，即以１６０、５３．３和１６ｍｇ／ｋｇ本品给雄性小鼠经口染毒，每日１次，连续５日，同时设空白对照和阳性对照。各组雄鼠与未染毒雌鼠连续交配８周。试验结果为阴性，可初步认为复方硝基酚钠对雄性生殖细胞无致突变性。本文空白对照组的试验结果符合显性致死试验的要求，但母鼠的受孕率在３４．８％～６０．０％之间。选用Ｂａｌｂ／Ｃ雄性小鼠和昆明系雌性小鼠进行显性致死试验尚属首次。     

Protective effect of paeoniflorin on nerve cells in APP/PS1 mice and its mechanism

AIM: To investigate the therapeutic and preventive effects of paeoniflorin (PF) on APP/PS1 mice, and to explore the possible mechanism. METHODS: Fifteen male 5-month-old APP/PS1 non-dominant mice were chosen as normal control group, 15 male 5-month-old APP/PS1 double transgenic mice were used as model group, and 15 male 5-month-old APP/PS1 double transgenic mice treated with 5 mg/kg PF by intraperitoneal injection were allocated in administation group. The learning and memory ability of the mice in each group was detected by Morris water maze. The apoptosis was assessed by TUNEL fluorescence staining. The protein expression of PI3K, Akt, p-PI3K, p-Akt, caspase-3, caspase-9, Bcl-2 and Bax in cerebral cortex and hippocampus was detected by Western Blot. The protein expression levels and distribution of caspase-3 and caspase-9 were detected by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: (1) Compared with normal control group, the learning and memory ability declined in APP/PS1 model group. Compared with APP/PS1 model group, PF obviously improve the ability of learning and memory in mice. (2) Compared with normal control group, the apoptosis of nerve cells in APP/PS1 model group significantly increased and distributed in wider areas, while that in PF group was reduced (P<0.05). (3) Compared with APP/PS1 model group, PF could significantly lower pro-apoptotic factors, caspase-3, caspase-9 and Bax (P<0.05), and increase the expression of anti-apoptotic factors, p-PI3K, p-Akt and Bcl-2 (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: PF can up-regulate the expression of Bcl-2 and down-regulate the expression levels of caspase-9, caspase-3 and Bax via the activation of PI3K/Akt pathway, thereby inhibiting the nerve cell apoptosis and protecting the nerve cells, so as to treat neurodegenerative diseases.     

一株牦牛源屎肠球菌对小鼠肠道微生物、形态和免疫功能的影响

为研究牦牛肠黏膜源屎肠球菌G2对健康小鼠肠道微生物、形态和免疫功能的影响,试验设置对照组(CON)、热灭活菌组(EHK)、活菌组(ENT)3个处理组,每组8只C57BL/6小鼠,共计24只。CON组、EHK组、ENT组于正式试验期第1、2、4、6天按0.1 mL/只分别灌胃M17培养基、热灭活菌液和活菌菌液,灌胃前无菌收集小鼠粪便进行乳酸菌总菌计数,第8天处死小鼠取样。结果表明:ENT组乳酸菌总菌数量在第3、5天显著大于CON组与EHK组(P <0.05);各组小鼠结肠病理学评分无显著差异,但ENT组隐窝深度显著高于CON组与EHK组(P <0.05);各组间肠黏膜免疫因子Reg3β、Reg3γ和MUC2基因mRNA表达量差异不显著,TNF-α表达量ENT组显著低于CON组(P <0.05)。综上可知,牦牛源屎肠球菌G2可能为一种肠道过路菌,能在短时间内提高肠道乳酸菌的总数,一定程度上具有改善肠道形态和促进肠道健康的作用。