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101.
氮素水平与光强互作对‘蓝伞’玉簪生长和光合特性的影响 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
以蓝灰类型玉簪‘蓝伞’(Hosta 'Blue Umbrella')为材料,研究了4种光强(自然光照的100%、50%、30%、10%)和4种氮素水平(盆栽土施尿素量0、0.5、1.5和2.5 g·kg-1)处理对玉簪生长和光合特性的影响。结果表明:‘蓝伞’玉簪的生长和光合特性受光强、氮素水平以及光氮互作的影响。在同一氮素水平下,随着光照强度的减弱,玉簪的生物量、叶面积、叶片数、光合速率及可溶性蛋白含量均表现先上升后下降的趋势,在30%~50%光强下达到最大值;叶绿素含量则随光强的减弱而增加。在同一光照强度下,随着氮素水平的升高,玉簪的生物量、叶面积、叶片数、光合速率及叶绿素和可溶性蛋白含量均呈先上升后下降的趋势,在0.5 g·kg-1氮素水平下达到最大值。 相似文献
102.
Depletion of the protective ozone layer in the atmosphere leads to increasing UV‐B radiation on the earth's surface with potential effects on the response of plants to different stresses. Abutilon theophrasti, Amaranthus retroflexus, Digitaria sanguinalis and Chloris virgata are common weeds encountered in most arable fields in China. The effectiveness of herbicides used in controlling these weeds needs to be evaluated with increased UV‐B radiation. Seedlings of these four weeds were therefore grown under ambient and elevated UV‐B radiation to compare the efficacy of paraquat, a commonly used contact herbicide. Irrespective of species sensitivity to radiation, the elevated UV‐B radiation decreased the effectiveness of paraquat. Net photosynthesis rate was adversely affected except for D. sanguinalis, while the chlorophyll content was significantly reduced in A. retroflexus and C. virgata. UV‐B treatment increased the leaf surface wax and decreased the absorption of 14C‐paraquat in A. theophrasti, D. sanguinalis and C. virgata. These results suggest that the response of weeds to paraquat or the use of the herbicide may be affected by increased UV‐B radiation, to the extent that larger doses may be required to achieve desired effects. This may have damaging consequences for the environment. 相似文献
103.
Soil nitrogen (N) is considered an important driver of crop‐weed interactions, yet the mechanisms involved have been only partially explored, especially with respect to early‐season growth, when competitive hierarchies are formed. This study characterises the effects of different N levels on biomass accumulation and plant morphology for maize (Zea mays), and four important weed species (Amaranthus retroflexus, Abutilon theophrasti, Setaria faberi, and Chenopodium album). Under glasshouse conditions, plants were grown in separate pots and irrigated with nutrient solution at four N concentrations (0.2, 0.5, 2, 5 μm L−1) until 57 days after emergence. Except for S. faberi, which was unresponsive to N, the relative biomass growth rates (RGR) of maize and the broad‐leaved weeds were positively and similarly affected by increasing nitrogen. At all N levels, maize had a height advantage by virtue of its larger seed size, which conferred early growth benefits independent of RGR. At low N, biomass growth was instrumental to S. faberi’s improved competitive position, whereas height development per unit biomass improved the competitive position of A. theophrasti, C. album and A. retroflexus. The approach presented could be applied to other crop‐weed systems to evaluate environmental impacts on competitive outcomes. 相似文献
104.
坡长对径流及侵蚀的影响 总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15
张家口市水保试验站坡长小区五年观测资料表明,降雨强度影响径流量、侵蚀量随坡长的变化。降雨强度较小时,径流量不能用坡长与降雨强度的乘积代替,侵蚀量随坡长增加较慢。降雨强度较大时,径流量可用坡长与降雨强度的乘积代替,侵蚀量方程中坡长指数较大。 相似文献
105.
The responses of the plasma concentrations of catecholamines and cortisol in horses to varied relative intensities of exertion were examined. The plasma concentrations of cortisol, epinephrine and norepinephrine increased significantly (p<0.05) with exertion. The plasma cortisol concentrations at relative work intensities of 48.3%±1.4%, 82.3%±2.0% and 99.6%±0.4% of VO2max were 114%, 124%, and 126%, respectively, of those at rest, whereas the plasma epinephrine concentrations were 239%, 772% and 3483%, and the norepinephrine concentrations were 138%, 255%, and 1121% of the values at rest. There was a significant (p<0.0001) relationship between the plasma epinephrine and norepinephrine concentrations. The blood lactate concentration and the plasma epinephrine and norepinephrine concentrations were significantly (p<0.0001) related, as were the relative work intensity (%VO2max) and the plasma epinephrine and norepinephrine concentrations. The relationships between the plasma cortisol concentration and work intensity or blood lactate concentration were not significant (p>0.05). This study demonstrates a relationship between relative work intensity and indicators of adrenal medullary and sympathetic activity during brief exertion in horses. 相似文献
106.
鹅掌楸容器育苗轻基质配方研究 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
选用泥炭、稻壳、森林表土、黄心土混合配制成5种轻基质配方,开展鹅掌楸容器育苗技术研究。结果表明:不同轻基质配方之间的重量,容器苗苗高、地径、根系、单株干物质重量达到极显著差异;4号轻基质配方(泥炭50%+稻壳20%+森林表土20%+黄心土10%)育苗效果最好,苗木粗壮、根系发达、基质重量较轻;1号轻基质配方(泥炭20%+稻壳50%+森林表土20%+黄心土10%)效果最差。研究认为:在鹅掌楸容器育苗生产上宜选用4号轻基质配方。 相似文献
107.
光照对棉花胚珠纤维离体发育的影响 总被引:12,自引:4,他引:8
分析了光照和黑暗条件下,对培养棉花胚珠纤维离体发育的影响。表明在其它条件相同时,纤维离体发育在基因型之间有很大的差异,光照对纤维的发育起了明显的抑制作用。无论受精胚珠还是未受精胚珠,在光照条件下其胚珠成活率、纤维诱导率、纤维生长量、胚珠鲜重均低于在黑暗条件。尤其是未受精胚珠,在光照条件下珂312 与TM- 1虽能诱导产生纤维,但纤维诱导率很低,仅有8.19% 和4.96% ,纤维生长量为0.1637和0.1132,而浙506、罗甸铁子和徐州142无絮突变体均不能产生纤维。本试验表明:只有在黑暗条件下才适合纤维离体发育。 相似文献
108.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(1-4):77-83
Young trees (4–5 year old) of Betula pubescens Ehrh. growing in a stand in the middle of Sweden (lat. 60°15'N) were cut in early June to stump heights of 0 and 10 cm. The birch stumps were exposed to different relative light intensities (100, 50, 25 and 10%) for 100 days until mid September. Five stumps per treatment were used in a randomized complete block with seven blocks on mesic dwarf‐shrub type with low herbs and three blocks on moist dwarf‐shrub type. The number of sprouting stumps was correlated with relative light intensity and forest type. 2.5 % of the stumps of mesic and 14 % of moist forest type did not produce suckers. On mesic forest type, 7% of the stumps exposed to 10% light did not sprout compared with 1.4, 3.0 and 0% at 25, 50 and 100% light, respectively. At stump height 0 cm fewer sprouting stumps were produced than at 10 cm. The mean height of suckers was significantly lower at 10% light intensity than at other levels. The number of suckers per sprouting stump was not related to light intensity but to forest type. More suckers were produced on mesic than on moist forest type. The dry weight of suckers was significantly lower at 10 and 25% relative light intensity than at 50 and 100%. On moist forest type, the dry weight of suckers was lower than on mesic forest type. 相似文献
109.
110.
对共轭聚合物中进行电运输及电致发光器件-聚合物发光二极管的研究进展进行了综述。 相似文献