倾斜荷载下桥梁桩基的计算与试验研究

在“ｍ”法或“ｃ”法基础上,给出了桥梁桩基在倾斜荷载作用下的内力及位移分析解,该解答计算简单,使用方便,可充分利用现有“ｍ”法或“ｃ”法的计算公式及参数图表。室内铝管模型桩试验及国外已有试验资料均表明,理论计算与实测值吻合良好。     

Using the Idexx SediVue Dx to predict the need for urine bacteriologic culture in cats

We analyzed urine samples from 191 cats for bacteriuria with an automated urine sediment analyzer (Idexx SediVue Dx), combined with image review by an observer, and compared to bacteriologic culture results. Sixty-nine samples were unambiguously assigned to be free of bacteria by the instrument and the observer, and no bacterial growth was detected. Twenty-seven samples were unambiguously assigned to have bacteriuria; 24 of these 27 samples were culture-positive. For these samples, bacteriuria was predicted with a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 96%. A clear assignment was not possible for 95 samples, 81 of which were culture-negative. Specificity dropped to 45% when all samples were considered. Using the automated leukocyte count to predict bacteriuria, sensitivity was 82% and specificity was 75%. Automated sediment analysis is faster and less observer-dependent than sediment analysis under a microscope, but accurate detection of bacteriuria remains difficult in a large proportion of samples. Bacteriuria was significantly associated with leukocyte count; the leukocyte count was >5/high power field in 82% of culture-positive samples.     

杨尺蠖核多角体病毒的研究——Ⅳ.病毒多角体的回收试验

本文就杨尺蠖核多角体病毒的几种回收方法进行了比较。回收试验表明,以丙酮—乳糖(7.4—8.4％)共沉法回收 AciNPV 的多角体(PIB)是可行的。制备物的最终含量为 4.96×10~(10)PIB/g,回收率平均达 80.5％。生物活性测定证明,回收的新鲜制备物,对3龄初幼虫的致病力是很好的。其 LC_(50) 及其95％的置信限分别为2.84×10~3PIB/ml和 1.70×10~3—4.96×10~3PIB/ml。 使用该程序,可省去昂贵的离心设备,在实验室一般设备的情况下,一次上样1500—3000 g病死虫,仅需 3小时即可获得最终产品。配制的病毒制剂,可用于防治杨尺蠖 30—65ha。大批量生产证明,该流程操作简便,省工省时,一次上样量较大,完全可以替代离心法,回收的成本也很便宜。     

小反刍兽疫病毒抗体ELISA试验测量不确定度评估

为进一步评定小反刍兽疫病毒抗体的测量不确定度,使用ELISA方法进行相关试验,依据《兽医检测实验室ELISA试验测量不确定度评估指南》(CNAS-GL043:2020)、《测量不确定度评定与表示》(JJF 1059.1—2012),分析了ELISA试验测量不确定度的各分量,并根据各分量的来源及产生途径,详细评定了各分量...     

Characterization of the anthracnose resistance gene present in Ouro Negro (Honduras 35) common bean cultivar

Ouro Negro (Honduras 35) is a highly productive Mesoamerican black seeded bean cultivar that possesses a major dominant gene conferring resistance to anthracnose (causal organism Colletotrichum lindemuthianum). In this work the anthracnose resistance gene present in Ouro Negro was characterized by studying allelic relationships to the following previously characterized anthracnose resistance genes (cultivars): Co-1 (MDRK), Co-1 ² (Kaboon), Co-1 ³ (Perry Marrow), Co-2 (Cornell 49-242), Co-3 (Mexico 222), Co-4 (TO), Co-4 ² (SEL 1308), Co-5 (SEL1360), Co-6 (AB 136), and the resistance genes present in PI 207262 and Widusa. In addition, we determined the resistance spectrum of Ouro Negro in relation to 19 pathotypes of C. lindemuthianum. The allelism tests confirmed that the dominant anthracnose resistance gene present in Ouro Negro is positioned at a locus distinct from those with which it was compared. We propose that this new gene be named Co-10. The inoculation of Ouro Negro with the 19 pathotypes of C. lindemuthianum demonstrated that Co-10 confers resistance to pathotypes 23, 64, 67, 73, 81, 83, 87, 89, 95, 102, 117, 119, 343, 453, 1033, 1545 and 1600. The identification of Co-10 is an important contribution to bean breeding programs that are in constant need of new sources of resistance to anthracnose. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Bodenphysikalische Bewertung der Kompostwirkung durch Laboruntersuchungen

<?show $38#Bo;>Soil physical evaluation of the efficiency of addition of composts to soils by laboratory experiments Additionally to long‐term field experiments a laboratory method was tested for evaluation the physical efficiency of addition of composts to soil. The parameters maximal water holding capacity (MWK), bulk density (TRD), and total pore volume (PV) were determined under reproducible conditions for compost‐soil‐mixtures in comparison to equivalent mixtures of soil with standard‐peat‐litter. The ratio of the coefficients of regression for compost‐soil‐mixtures to those for standard‐peat‐litter‐soil‐mixtures is the so‐called equivalent of standard‐peat‐litter (TMÄ). The efficiency of changes of soil physical properties due to the addition of compost to soil is characterized by TMÄ.<?show $6#>     

4种化学杀虫剂对茶谷蛾的室内毒力测定

为有效防控云南茶树重要的食叶性害虫茶谷蛾(Agriophara rhombata),筛选防治茶谷蛾的适用药及适用量,指导科学用药。在室内采用浸叶法测定24～96 h 4种不同稀释倍数杀虫剂对茶谷蛾3龄幼虫的毒力作用。结果表明,4种化学杀虫剂对3龄茶谷蛾幼虫的毒力作用由强到弱表现为：24～72 h时,6%乙基多杀菌素悬浮剂(SC)>15%茚虫威乳油(EC)>15%唑虫酰胺SC>24%虫螨腈SC;96 h时,6%乙基多杀菌素SC>24%虫螨腈SC>15%茚虫威EC>15%唑虫酰胺SC。6%乙基多杀菌素SC与15%茚虫威EC具有较强毒杀力及速效性,可作为应急防治茶谷蛾的推荐药剂;24%虫螨腈SC发挥作用较缓,具有明显的时间—剂量—死亡率效应。研究结果可为云南茶区茶谷蛾的防治提供参考基础和依据。     

Use of acoustic testing to detect decay and sort western juniper for modulus of elasticity and modulus of rupture

While wood has numerous attributes that make it an excellent material for many uses, its properties can also vary widely according to wood species and even within the same species. Wood used in structural applications is categorized into classes. For many wood products, these classes or grades are based upon visual assessments that account for grain characteristics along with natural defects such as knots or splits. These approaches are simple, but also limit the potential for identifying products based upon actual material properties. One alternative is to use acoustic tests to estimate modulus of elasticity and then correlate these values to actual material properties. The potential for using acoustic tests to estimate wood properties was assessed with a prototype acoustic device (Metriguard Model 242) on western juniper (Juniperus occidentalis) posts that were then tested using a destructive bending test. These tests could allow the identification of decayed areas within a post if they were directly in the tested area, but predicted modulus of elasticity was poorly correlated with actual modulus of rupture (r^2?=?0.23). The correlation was improved by only considering those samples where the acoustic test was made through the same area where the test load was applied, but the relationship was still weak (r^2?=?0.33). Acoustic testing did appear to be able to identify unacceptably weak samples with minimal rejection of acceptable samples, suggesting that acoustic testing might be a useful sorting tool to improve the reliability of timbers.     

Assessment of nickel's sufficiency critical levels in cultivated soils,employing commonly used calibration techniques

Although Ni has been officially recognized as an essential micronutrient for all higher plants since 2004, research on assessing its sufficiency critical levels with different soil tests is missing in the literature. The objective of the study was to determine Ni critical levels in unpolluted cultivated soils utilizing four methods, employing three commonly used calibration techniques. Ten soils with different physical–chemical properties and low Ni content were treated with Ni at rates of 1, 2, 4, and 8 mg kg^?1. After equilibration for one month, the soils were analyzed for extractable Ni by four methods, namely DTPA, AB‐DTPA, AAAc‐EDTA, and Mehlich‐3. Response to soil‐applied Ni was assessed by a greenhouse pot experiment, with the untreated and Ni‐treated soils in three replications, using ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.). The aboveground biomass of ryegrass was harvested two months after sowing, dry weight of biomass was measured and relative biomass yield was calculated. Nickel's critical levels were determined employing the: (a) graphical technique of Brown and co‐workers, (b) Mitscherlich–Bray equation, and (c) Cate and Nelson graphical technique. According to the first technique, Ni critical levels were ≈ 2 mg kg^?1 for the DTPA and AB‐DTPA methods, and 6.0 and 5.3 mg kg^?1 for the AAAc‐EDTA and Mehlich‐3 methods, respectively. Similar levels were obtained by the Mitscherlich–Bray equation. However, the critical levels assessed by the Cate and Nelson technique were lower and ranged from 0.5 to 1.3 mg kg^?1 for all four methods. Conclusively, Ni sufficiency critical levels for all four methods are expected to range at levels of a few mg Ni kg^?1 of soil. As far as the three calibration techniques are concerned, a distinct boundary between Ni response and non‐response was accomplished by none. However, the fact that 60–74% of the soils were correctly separated into responsive and non‐responsive to added Ni by the graphical technique of Brown and co‐workers suggests that this is the most suitable technique.     

构建汽车技术创新实验室的实践

汽车已经成为世界上最通用的交通工具,所以汽车业的发展将成为发展社会经济的最大助力之一,我国汽车技术起步较晚,但基于我国人口众多,将在未来会成为世界持有汽车数量最多的国家,这将是一个庞大的经济群体。为了搞好汽车技术的创新,构建一个关于汽车技术专用的创新实验室是非常有必要的,文章就针对构建汽车技术实验室的实践作出阐述。