海底管道腐蚀缺陷处阴极保护数值模拟

海底管道表面很容易因为腐蚀形成缺陷点,具有深度大、传播快且检测困难的特点,对管道安全运行产生很大隐患。通过数值模拟方法研究了X80海底管道钢表面存在腐蚀缺陷时缺陷点内部对阴极保护产生的屏蔽作用,利用有限元方法模拟缺陷处的局部电位和阳极/阴极反应电流密度。结果表明:在腐蚀缺陷处阴极保护电流被部分屏蔽,特别是在缺陷的底部位置;缺陷处对阴极保护的屏蔽作用随着缺陷深度的增加和宽度的减小而越来越强。研究结果可为现场海底管道腐蚀状况和剩余寿命的评估提供指导。     

不同温度下扶桑绵粉蚧试验种群生命表研究(英文)

[目的]揭示温度对扶桑绵粉蚧种群动态的影响,为该虫的防治提供帮助。[方法]建立试验种群,并用棉花饲养,观察记录种群的主要参数。[结果]组建了24、27、30℃下扶桑绵粉蚧试验种群特定年龄和繁殖力特征生命表,获得了该虫世代平均历期、各虫期/年龄存活率、寿命、产卵期、单雌产卵量、性比、净增值率、内禀增长率、周限增长率、种群增长趋势指数、存活率曲线类型、日产雌量曲线类型等10余个实验种群参数,揭示了温度对该粉蚧生长发育、寿命和生殖力的影响。[结论]在适宜温度条件下,扶桑绵粉蚧繁殖潜力大,种群增长速度快,易暴发成灾。该研究结果为扶桑绵粉蚧的种群动态调查、预测预报和综合治理等提供了科学依据。     

不同保鲜剂对4种鲜切花保鲜效果的研究

以切花菊、香石竹、切花月季和唐菖蒲为研究对象,采用9种不同保鲜剂组合进行切花瓶插处理,测定不同处理对鲜切花的瓶插寿命、鲜重变化率、花朵直径变化率及花枝直径变化率的影响,研究不同保鲜剂对4大切花的保鲜效果并筛选出适合4种鲜切花的保鲜剂配方.结果表明:4种鲜切花采切后花枝直径变化率、花朵直径变化率、切花鲜重变化率具有先升高、后下降的变化规律.各保鲜剂对4种鲜切花均有不同程度的保鲜效果,延长了瓶插寿命.3％蔗糖+ 250mg/L8-HQ+ 200mg/L柠檬酸是适合4种鲜切花的理想保鲜剂.     

乙烯受体ETR1基因同源性分析及乙烯敏感性与植物采后寿命的关系

将37种不同科属植物及5个不同月季品种的ETR1核苷酸、氨基酸序列进行同源性分析并构建了分子系统发生树,并对植物的呼吸跃变类型、乙烯敏感性及采后寿命的关系进行了归纳和分析.结果表明,在核苷酸水平上,分子性状的同源性与形态性状同源性具有一致性,但月季不同品种种间差异大于异源植物的属间差异.氨基酸序列的同源性分析结果与核苷酸相似,但仍存在差异,可能由于氨基酸密码子简并性、翻译起始位置的不同、ETR1片段大小的差异所造成.在蛋白质水平上,所分析的ETR1片段均具有高度保守结构域.植物的呼吸跃变类型虽与内源乙烯的生成有密切的关系,但与外源乙烯的敏感性无直接关系;植物对外源乙烯的敏感性与植物采后寿命的关系更为密切.     

青海湖旅游区生命周期研究

立足青海湖旅游区实际,在分析影响旅游区生命周期的诸因素基础上,提出了延长该区旅游生命周期的具体措施。     

Spawning success and early life history of longnose suckers in Great Lakes tributaries

Fish eggs and larvae are often subject to very high mortality, and variation in early life survival can be important for population dynamics. Although longnose suckers (Catostomus catostomus) are widespread in northern North America, little is known about their early life history. We examined fecundity and early larval survivorship during sucker spawning events in three small Lake Michigan tributaries. Although egg deposition varied 25% among spawning events, estimated larval export to the lake varied over 25,000‐fold from around 1000 to 26 million. Based on variation in environmental conditions across years, it appears that spring flow and temperature may be important determinants of egg survival to larval outmigration. Larval age data suggest that most individuals that survived to outmigration hatched during a 2‐day period despite adult spawning across at least 10 days. Most larvae spent <2 weeks in the stream and emigrated around the time of transition from endogenous to exogenous feeding before substantial growth occurred. In two of three cases, larvae drifted exclusively at night; however, high drift rates occurred during both day and night in the case where larvae were very abundant, suggesting density‐dependent drift behaviour. Our results indicate that survival in tributary streams from egg deposition to larval export is highly variable in longnose suckers. These large differences in early life survival may translate into variability in recruitment, thereby influencing population structure and dynamics.     

广州河涌景观变更对城市公共生活的影响分析——以东濠涌改造为例

广州水岸公共景观的变更影响着城市及人们的公共生活。本文通过分析东濠涌的沿岸公共活动变迁及其2010年的改造实例，探讨水岸环境与沿岸公共生活类型之间的关系。     

Assemblage patterns of fish functional groups relative to habitat connectivity and conditions in floodplain lakes

Miyazono S, Aycock JN, Miranda LE, Tietjen TE. Assemblage patterns of fish functional groups relative to habitat connectivity and conditions in floodplain lakes.
Ecology of Freshwater Fish 2010: 19: 578–585. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S Abstract – We evaluated the influences of habitat connectivity and local environmental factors on the distribution and abundance patterns of fish functional groups in 17 floodplain lakes in the Yazoo River Basin, USA. The results of univariate and multivariate analyses showed that species–environmental relationships varied with the functional groups. Species richness and assemblage structure of periodic strategists showed strong and positive correlations with habitat connectivity. Densities of most equilibrium and opportunistic strategists decreased with habitat connectivity. Densities of certain equilibrium and opportunistic strategists increased with turbidity. Forested wetlands around the lakes were positively related to the densities of periodic and equilibrium strategists. These results suggest that decreases in habitat connectivity, forested wetland buffers and water quality resulting from environmental manipulations may cause local extinction of certain fish taxa and accelerate the dominance of tolerant fishes in floodplain lakes.     

论中华文化心理结构中的两种生命价值取向——儒士诗与僧人诗比较研究

＂儒士＂自觉地承担着儒家的社会意识,而＂僧人＂则以完成生命的超越为己任。在三教合流的传统中,＂儒士＂和＂僧人＂的内在文化构成并不具备严格意义上的界分,常常互有融含。故而,论述时只能抽象出其＂共相＂意义上的概念,各置于＂儒＂＂释＂系统中剖析其最高价值追求,得出儒士诗重社会伦理,而僧人诗则重解构文化局限,求证生命本源的结论。     

农村社区公益性文化建设中几个问题的阐释

对农村社区公益性文化建设中几个问题进行了阐释,指出推进农村社区公益性文化建设,应重视农村权威人物发挥积极作用,预防其消极作用;应重视农民工对乡村社会的影响力,引导农民工对农村社区建设发挥积极作用;应重视农民闲暇生活,用先进文化占领这一重要阵地。