φ273漏磁腐蚀检测器在输油管道上的应用

为了掌握管道的内外腐蚀情况,在新疆的输油管道上采用了带发讯器的机械清管器和引进的智能清管器,准确地找到了管道管材的缺陷和内外腐蚀管段的具体位置。为预防管道因腐蚀穿孔而造成的跑油事故,提高管道的本质安全找到了一种较理想的方法。此方法大修时间和大修费用,可使过去盲目的大修变为有计划的维修,在长输管道上有广阔的应用前景。     

运用强夯法加固油罐深层回填地基

加固回填地基的方法主要有分层回填碾压、桩基和强夯加固3种方法。而强夯加固法是一种适用范围较广的地基处理方法,具有效果显著、施工方便、节材省时等优点。其主要技术指标是影响深度、单击夯击能、夯击次数、夯击遍数及夯点间距。以秦皇岛首站5号10×10~4m~3油罐深层回填地基处理实践为例,着重介绍了运用强夯加固法回填地基的处理方法,根据初步确定的强夯参数,提出强夯试验方案,在具有代表性的场地中选取一个或几个试验区,进行现场试夯,再根据不同土质条件,待试夯结束一至数周后,对试夯区进行测试,并与夯前测试数据进行对比,用以检验强夯效果、确定工程采用的各项强夯参数。强调了在强夯施工中应注意的事项。     

冷轧带肋钢筋工程的应用分析

结合冷轧带肋钢筋和热轧钢筋在工程中的应用,主要对冷轧带肋钢筋构件进行基本性能分析和经济效益的分析比较,并阐述了冷轧带肋钢筋的诸多优点,以及加大推广应用冷轧带肋钢筋的建议。     

Preservation causes shrinkage in seahorses: implications for biological studies and for managing sustainable trade with minimum size limits

• 1. The implications of shrinkage associated with desiccation and ethanol preservation for seahorses (genus Hippocampus) were investigated using Hippocampus guttulatus (European long‐snouted seahorse) as a model. Specifically, this research addressed the implications of preservation for taxonomy and life history studies and the application of minimum size limits (MSL) for managing seahorse trade.
• 2. In 2004, the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) listed all seahorse species on its Appendix II, and recommended a 10 cm MSL as an interim means of ensuring sustainable international trade. Inconsistencies in seahorse measurement methods and repeatability posed challenges for applying the MSL. Moreover, the shrinking effect of desiccation on body length observed in other fish was assumed to be negligible for seahorses because of their high degree of ossification.
• 3. Changes in seahorse sizes were measured following immersion in ethanol and desiccation. H. guttulatus shrank on average by 0.1–2.3% when preserved in ethanol and 3.0–6.4% when dried, depending on the trait measured. Similar trends were observed in a sample of H. kuda (yellow seahorse). Specimen posture during drying, and measurement methods also influenced estimates of size.
• 4. Based on the shrinkage observed, 14–44% of captured seahorses that are dried could shrink to below the recommended MSL, even if all seahorses were longer than the MSL at capture. This demonstrates that small changes in body lengths can have significant implications for trade of species managed with size limits.
• 5. Recommendations are to (1) standardize seahorse measurement methods, (2) consider the effects of preservation and measurement technique on body lengths, and apply appropriate corrections in comparative studies and when developing fisheries management strategies, and (3) adjust size limits at the point of capture to ensure retained seahorses comply with the CITES recommended MSL.

Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

喷微灌产品计量与计数抽样方案比较分析

在相同的厂方风险和使用方风险下,以旋转式喷头流量一致性指标的抽样检验为例,开展了喷微灌产品计量与计数抽样检验方案的可比较分析.结果表明,在一般检验水平Ⅱ下,与利用计数抽样标准获得的样本数量相比,当样本批量大于等于91时,基于计量抽样方案得到的样本数量降低率E在s和σ方法下分别为25.0%～43.4%和56.0%～67.6%,较大样本批量下采用计量抽样检验获得的样本数量减少效果更趋明显.对同时满足计数和计量抽样检验条件的喷微灌产品指标而言,应尽量采用计量抽样检验方案,达到减少样本抽样数量、降低检验成本的目的.     

带FR、G端子的三菱发电机电压调节器调压原理分析与检测

对带有FR、G端子的三菱发电机电压调节器调压原理进行了具体分析,同时介绍了FR、G端子的具体就车检测方法。     

Epidemiology and microscopic diagnosis of tuberculosis in pigs and small ruminants slaughtered at Bobo-Dioulasso abattoir,Burkina Faso

Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a zoonotic, infectious, chronic and contagious disease, caused by Mycobacterium bovis that mainly affects cattle. This pathology has a negative impact on animals and animal products trade. Unfortunately, in Burkina Faso where agriculture and livestock sectors represent around 80% of the socio-economic activities, the real situation of the disease is not well known especially in small ruminants and swine. Thus, our study focused on both the epidemiology and the microbiological diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) in small ruminants and pigs slaughtered at Bobo-Dioulasso abattoir. A prospective study was conducted between August 2017 and December 2017. Epidemiological data collection was performed during routine meat inspection; moreover, samples were taken and transported to the Bacteriology laboratory of Centre Muraz for microbiological analyses. This diagnosis consisted in search of Acid Fast Bacilli (AFB) using the hot Ziehl–Neelsen staining. Out of a total of 14 648 small ruminants and 2430 pigs slaughtered during the study period, 156 and 17 had lesions suggestive of bTB with prevalence of 1.07% and 0.7%, respectively. Females and those between 2 and 4 years old were mainly infected. The most affected organs were: lungs, liver, spleen and lymph nodes. Finally, microscopy revealed 43.35% (75/173) of positive cases for AFB. These results confirm the presence of bTB in small ruminants and pigs in Burkina Faso. Efforts must still be made in the fight against this zoonosis in order to limit its economic and public health impacts.     

2019—2021年全国食品安全监督抽检中鲜蛋抽检情况及分析

针对2019—2021年全国食品安全监督抽检中鲜蛋发现的问题和存在的风险点进行分析。采用Excel 2010软件对2019—2021年全国鲜蛋的食品安全监督抽检结果进行汇总,分析监督抽检整体完成情况及存在的主要食品安全问题。结果显示：2019、2020、2021年我国食用农产品不合格率分别为1.90%、2.23%和3.15%,2019—2021年鲜蛋不合格批次占食用农产品不合格批次总数的10.71%,仅次于淡水鱼和韭菜。检出鲜蛋不合格项目涉及氟苯尼考、恩诺沙星、氧氟沙星残留等9项,其中氟苯尼考和恩诺沙星残留不合格项次检出率分别为47.17%和37.74%。我国食用农产品不合格率逐年上升,且鲜蛋的食品安全问题较为突出,氟苯尼考和恩诺沙星不合格是鲜蛋食品安全的主要问题。     

国际食品法典农药残留限量标准2016年制修订情况分析

国际食品法典委员会近日发布了2015年农药残留联席会议推荐的29种农药415项农药最大残留限量标准草案.标准草案涉及到的农药绝大多数在我国取得登记并广泛使用,预计将会对我国农药残留限量标准制修订工作和我国农产品进出口贸易产生较大影响.本文介绍了标准草案及其毒理参数和膳食摄入风险等内容,结合我国相关标准进行比对研究,建议相关农药管理、标准制定部门以及农产品进出口贸易管理部门能够予以关注.     

气门组的检测与修理

发动机是汽车、内燃机车、轮船、飞机、农用车辆等机械的重要动力来源。在使用中,气门组容易出现问题,需要检测与维修。