盐胁迫对木槿属两个外来种质生长及叶绿素含量影响

采用盆栽试验,研究了不同质量分数的NaCl胁迫对木槿属两个新引进植物Hibiscus‘Moy grande’、H.dasycalyx高生长、干物质量、根冠比及叶绿素含量变化等指标的影响。结果表明:4 g/kg盐处理水平时,两种材料的高生长量均与对照无显著差异,H.‘Moy grande’的干物质量积累较对照略有下降,H.dasycalyx干物质量积累则受到显著抑制(P﹤0.05);根冠比测定数据表明盐胁迫对两种材料地上部分的生长抑制强于对根系生长的抑制;盐胁迫下两种材料叶绿素a、叶绿素b含量变化趋势与单位质量叶片叶绿素含量的变化相似,均有不同程度的升高。生长指标分析结果表明H.‘Moy grande’对NaCl胁迫的抗性强于H.dasycalyx。     

Rorippa sylvestris: A new troublesome weed in Swedish forest nurseries

Yellow Cress (Rorippa sylvestris (L.) Besser), a weed difficult to control when established, has recently invaded Swedish nurseries. The properties of the species, as well as measures to avoid its further spreading, are described based on an exhaustive dissertation, other literature and own observations. It is most important to apply preventive measures to stop the species from being introduced and to observe the first establishment phases of the species. If it becomes established it is exceedingly important to prevent the spread of vegetative reproductive organs to unaffected areas.     

辽东地区不同林型土壤理化性质研究

不同林型内土壤的理化性质存在差异,柞树林内土壤结构疏松,渗透能力强,土壤物理性质最好,其次为红松林,杂木林内最差,10～20 cm土层深度渗透速率仅为0.57 mm.min-1。从化学性质来看,阔叶树种土壤中养分含量较针叶林高,比较而言,柞树林内土壤各养分含量比杂木林内高。作为针叶树种的红松林土壤内,其速效养分含量较其他林型高。     

黑龙江省大豆田杂草的发生和综合防除技术

综述了黑龙江省大豆田杂草的种类分布、发生、危害特点及综合防除技术,重点评述了大豆田杂草的综合防除技术。     

山地苗圃幼苗管护措施探析[

山地苗圃的管理有别于一般苗圃,管理方式较粗放,因此,在山地苗圃培育优质苗木产品,对从业者的技术要求更高,必须幼苗管理开始做起。文章根据实践,对山地苗圃幼苗早期养护技术进行了总结,并从控草管理、水肥管理、苗木塑形3个方面进行了阐述。     

Growth patterns of Italian ryegrass cultivars established in different seasons

Abstract

A comparison is made between various Italian ryegrass cultivars established under irrigation on a well‐drained upland site during the traditional autumn months, with plantings of the same cultivars at other times of the year.

The dates on which pastures could be utilized for the first time, their relative growth patterns as well as weed infestation, flowering behaviour and persistency, were investigated. Some herbage quality determinations were also made.

February plantings are considered the most favourable for maximum late autumn, winter and spring production. First utilization following late autumn/winter plantings is, however, delayed considerably with the onset of cold weather. Late winter/early spring plantings, on the other hand, delay flowering for up to 16 months and the biennial growth pattern indicates vigorous growth immediately after planting, the possibility of variable late summer production followed by extremely poor autumn and winter production. This casts serious doubt on the merit of such a practice at the total exclusion of the traditional autumn plantings. Summer weed infestation from such spring plantings also gave cause for concern.     

Die beheer van Amaranthus spp. en die invloed daarvan op Digitaria eriantha gedurende die vestigingsjaar

The control of Amaranthus spp. and the influence thereof on Digitaria eriantha during the season of establishment. Chemical control of Amaranthus spp. in newly established Smuts finger grass (D. eriantha) was investigated. A mixture of 800 ml 2,4‐D Amine+1200 ml Atrazine per ha was applied. This treatment produced a total yield of 6,1 t/ha of which 4,6 t/ha (75,4%) consisted of Smuts finger grass. The rest were weeds. In the case of no chemical control total yield amounted to 4,5 t/ha dry matter of which only 0,7 t/ha (15,5%) was Smuts finger grass. Chemical control clearly had economic advantages.     

Esophagostomy Feeding Tube Use and Placement in Exotic Pets

Providing enteral nutrition to injured or ill exotic animal patients by means of assisted feedings minimizes catabolism and gastrointestinal morbidity associated with anorexia, while optimizing immune system and organ function, and providing nutritional precursors necessary for healing. When determining the nutritional needs of a debilitated animal, it is important to account for both metabolic rate and energy requirements. Providing enteral nutrition via a feeding tube utilizes the functional gastrointestinal tract in patients that cannot or will not eat. Additionally, administration of food through a feeding tube is significantly less stressful for patients than restraint and syringe feeding. Feeding tube placement should be considered in any animal where the stress associated with syringe feeding is likely to result in significant morbidity or when the need for an extended period of assisted feeding is required.     

关中地区果草系统产草量与对杂草的控制

于苹果园建植第1年的春季,在果树行间分别种植不同草种,以不种草为对照,研究不同草种的生长情况和其对杂草群落的影响。结果表明,在关中地区苹果园牧草春播后,白三叶（Trifolium repens）、红三叶（T.pratense）、多年生黑麦草（Lolium perenne）、紫羊茅（Festuca rubra）、高羊茅（F.arundinacea）出苗和生长较快,短期内能形成致密的草层,杂草种类、密度和盖度小,抑制杂草效果好;草地早熟禾（Poa pratensis）、匍匐剪股颖（Agrostis stolonifera）、百脉根（Lotus cornioulatus）、马蹄金（Dichondra repens）、狗牙根（Cynodon dactylon）出苗和保苗难度较大,到秋季才能完全覆盖地面,种植后前半年抑制杂草的作用较差,而在形成致密草层后,各草种均能很好地抑制杂草群落发展。第2年,除马蹄金、狗牙根外,其余草种均能在3月返青,11月后枯黄,绿期长。马蹄金匍匐茎水平生长速度适中,垂直高度常年保持在10～15 cm,既能很好地覆盖地面,又无需修剪,维护费用最低;白三叶、红三叶、百脉根生长速度适宜,在生长季可以根据需要决定修剪或不修剪;多年生黑麦草、高羊茅生长速度较快,生物量较大,种植当年需要修剪1次,第2年可根据需要确定修剪次数;匍匐剪股颖和紫羊茅生长速度相对较慢,可适当减少修剪次数;狗牙根返青晚、枯黄早,水平扩展速度和生长速度太快,不适合苹果园种植。说明各草种在果园中的适宜性不一,其不同的生长特性是种草果园管理的重要基础,草种盖度和其抑制杂草群落发展的效果密切相关。