BIFMAM7.1-2007《办公家具系统、部件和座椅中散发的挥发性化合物测试方法》标准解析

对BIFMA M7.1-2007《办公家具系统、部件和座椅中散发的挥发性化合物测试方法》标准进行了解读,概述了该标准的适用范围、试验原理和方法,以及该标准在实际应用中的局限性,提出了控制办公系统家具中甲醛和VOC污染物以提高办公场所空气质量的指导意见。     

加快低碳技术在住宅房地产中的普及研究——以南京“锋尚”国际公寓为例

介绍了低碳生活的概念,对低碳技术在住宅房地产中的应用实例——南京"锋尚"国际公寓进行了调研,指出其节能环保的措施,进而提出了普及低碳住宅的建议,以加快低碳技术在住宅房地产中的发展和应用。     

非环境类专业大学生环境教育问题研究

以秦皇岛市范围内的高等院校为研究对象,调查分析了非环境类专业大学生环境教育的现状,提出高校中非环境类专业大学生的环境教育应以地球环境系统的基本组成、人类活动对环境的干扰破坏、环境对人类社会的反馈作用、社会经济发展与环境保护的协调4个方面为教育内容,采用显性课程与隐性课程相结合、知识课程与实践课程相结合等多种方法实施环境教育,促进非环境类专业大学生的环境教育向自然化、系统化、广泛化、实践化的方向发展。     

Growth-independent effects of a fluctuating thermal regime on the life-history traits of the Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes)

Abstract –  Temperature fluctuation has been shown to affect somatic growth rates and metabolic functions of fish, but little is known about the effects of fluctuating temperatures on life-history traits. We examined these effects on female Japanese medaka ( Oryzias latipes ) reared from hatch to maturity at two mean temperatures (27 and 30 °C) with diel temperatures either held constant or allowed to fluctuate ±5 °C. Feeding regimes were manipulated to equilibrate medaka growth rates in all treatments. Age and length at maturity decreased as a result of thermal fluctuation, whereas there was no effect of temperature fluctuation on the proportion of fish attaining maturity or on the number of eggs produced by a mature female. We hypothesise that short-term high temperatures associated with temperature fluctuation decreases development time, whereas reduced energy conversion efficiency at higher temperatures does not allow for increased egg production.     

论析欧洲的环境政策

当今世界，欧洲环境治理绩效突出。究其原因，环境政策发挥了指导性作用。而这对于环境形势目最严峻的中国具有十分重要的借鉴意义。文中对欧洲环境政策发展历程、原则及挑战进行了细致分析，以供相关研究机构和学者参考。     

用负熵最大化小波实现强噪声下的语音识别

针对高噪环境下语音识别的困难,以独立分量分析和小波理论为基础,提出一种负熵最大化小波语音降噪预处理新方法,对不同种类和不同输入信噪比的噪声设计了试验,结果表明在低输入信噪比情况下本方法的优越性,此结论对高噪环境下的信号分析和语音识别具有重要意义。     

云南野生动物园环境绿化设计研究

云南野生动物园位于昆明市金殿双乳山景区，占地187hm^2，根据绿化目标，分别对游道、各动物展示区、专类植物园区等，进行特色植物绿化配置，做到环境绿化与生物多样性保护同时并举。     

排污权交易:一种基于市场的环境控制制度

排污权交易是一种基于市场的环境污染间接控制制度。微观上,排污权的交易有利于企业以最小的成本费用解决排污问题和提高企业投资污染控制设施的积极性;宏观上,排污权的交易有利于降低整个社会控制环境总成本和实现资源优化配置。有赖于市场机制的排污权交易制度的实施需要一定的前提和条件。     

Herbicide risk assessment during the Wheat Self-sufficiency Project in Iran

BACKGROUND: The present study describes the quantitative changes in herbicide use during the specific observation periods in the Wheat Self-sufficiency Project in Iran from 1994 to 2004 and the associated changes in herbicide risk, area and yield in this context. A risk index, the environmental impact quotient (EIQ), was used to estimate the environmental impacts (EIs) of herbicides applied to wheat agroecosystems. RESULTS: The results suggest that, during this period, the overall risk posed by the herbicides applied to wheat agroecosystems increased substantially, as evidenced by a 71% increase in herbicide usage (weight of pesticide applied) and a 62.2% increase in EI rating, in spite of an 8.2% decrease in overall EIQ rating and an 89.2% decrease in mean application rate. Furthermore, a 0.57% increase in the area and a 23.6% and 22.7% increase in irrigated and rainfed yields, respectively, were observed. The results also indicate that the EIQ(FUR) of two herbicides, dichlorprop-P/mecoprop-P/MCPA and difenzoquat, is much higher than that of other herbicides, and they could be qualified as high-risk herbicides. CONCLUSION: As a whole, an increase in herbicide usage (weight of pesticide applied) was an important factor on herbicide environmental impact boost. However, this increase has not led to a similar increase in wheat yield, which could be attributed in part to the negative impact of high herbicide consumption in wheat fields and subsequent threat to the long-term sustainability of these agroecosystems.     

规模养牛环境污染与治理初步探讨

采取现场调查和排污系数推算相结合的方法。研究区域内规模养牛粪便和污物的区域分布、污染类型、产生量、排放量及其综合利用情况。表明：区域内牛粪尿年排放总量100.85×104 t,其中：规模养牛粪尿年排放总量29.47×104 t,养牛小区、场和大户各占21.41%、24.49%和54.10%。COD 年排放668.07×104 kg,BOD 年排放432.72×104 kg, NH 3-N 年排放总量为67.79×104 kg,N 年排放量在为65.01×104 kg,P 年排放量为27.50×104 kg。粪便负荷量7.83 t/hm2,占总负荷量21.53 t/hm2的36.37%。年流失量2.38×104 t,占8.08%。进行臭源监测和臭气评价,牛舍内 H2S 0.15 mg/m3,NH 32.77 mg/m3。综合利用率91.92%。