基于模糊数学感官评价法优化芒果无糖软糖配方研究

目的：以芒果、木糖醇、山梨糖醇、低聚果糖为主要原料，研发一款品质优良且具有预防龋齿，促进消化吸收，提高免疫力等功能的芒果无糖软糖。方法：以感官评价为指标，通过单因素试验研究木糖醇、山梨糖醇、低聚果糖的添加比例、复合凝结剂添加量以及柠檬酸添加量等对芒果软糖感官品质的影响，通过正交试验，模糊数学法优化芒果软糖配方。结果：芒果软糖的最佳配方为芒果汁添加量50%，柠檬酸添加量0.2%，复合凝结剂添加量10%，木糖醇、山梨糖醇、低聚果糖的添加比例2:3:1（添加量为35%）；二十二碳六烯酸添加量1%，维生素C添加量0.5%。结论：此配方下的芒果软糖不仅色泽均匀、弹性适中，而且形态饱满，酸甜可口，具有一定的保健功效。     

90年来中共历代中央领导集体政治交接简评

中国共产党成立90年来一共形成了四代成熟而稳定的中央领导集体。其中,第一、二代领导集体围绕最高领导权力的交接不甚成功,但从总体上讲,四代领导集体之间基本实现了正常的交接,并不断走向制度化。这是党自身能够健康发展,党领导的革命和建设事业兴旺发达的根本保证。     

青蛙放养个体大小对稻蛙共育效益的影响

稻蛙共育是一种新的生态稻作模式,高产高效,但在青蛙繁育过程中,由于个体差异,造成稻田可套养时单体质量低于100 g的青蛙数量较多。针对这一情况,笔者对稻田放养单体质量低于100 g青蛙对治虫、养殖效益的影响开展了对比试验。结果表明,稻蛙共育中采用单体质量75g的青蛙放养是可行的,能基本达到100 g单体质量青蛙的放养效果。     

油菜籽来源抗氧化物质研究进展

油菜籽中含有多种具有抗氧化活性的物质，为抵御机体的氧化损伤起到了积极作用。本文综述了油菜籽来源的诸多抗氧化活性成分及抗氧化活性的评价方法。油菜籽主要的抗氧化成分有肽类、多酚类、多糖类、生育酚和其它抗氧化成分，其中的肽类主要有三种产生方式：非消化酶酶解、消化酶酶解和发酵。针对油菜籽来源的活性物质抗氧化活性的评价方法，包括体外测定方法（化学检测）和细胞内抗氧化实验和动物实验。综述还探讨了油菜籽抗氧化活性成分研究中存在的问题和解决方法，旨在为油菜籽活性成分的开发和利用提供参考。     

福建南平市竹产业标准体系实施、评价与改进建议

推动竹产业高质量发展，标准化工作任重道远，推进标准体系有效实施、开展标准体系评价、动态优化标准体系必不可少。本文以南平市竹产业为例，探索竹产业标准体系实施、评价与改进的方法，以期逐步建立福建省竹产业标准体系实施与评价体系。     

有机无机肥配施对冬春烤烟经济性状的影响

在云南梁河县对冬春烤烟开展有机肥和化肥合理配施试验,结果比对照增产62.7%;中上等烟比例增加3.6个百分点;净增产值提高72%。     

西方经济学基本假设与中国传统思想

本文着力分析西方经济学行为假设与中国传统思想的矛盾之处,探讨依托中国传统思想的中国经济学和经济行为之特色。     

海南省经济林下复合种植产业现状及发展对策

经济林下复合种植是近几年发展较快、能够调整农业结构、增加农民收入的发展模式。海南省发展经济林下复合种植具有明显的优势，同时也存在种植管理比较粗放、规模化和产业化程度低、资金投入相对不足、劳动力短缺等问题。为此提出发展对策，为经济林下复合种植提供借鉴。     

Performance of DSSAT-Nwheat across a wide range of current and future growing conditions

Crop models are widely used in agricultural impact studies. However, many studies have reported large uncertainties from single-model-based simulation analyses, suggesting the need for multi-model simulation capabilities. In this study, the APSIM-Nwheat model was integrated into the Decision Support System for Agro-technology (DSSAT), which already includes two wheat models, to create multi-model simulation capabilities for wheat cropping systems analysis. The new model in DSSAT (DSSAT-Nwheat) was evaluated using more than 1000 observations from field experiments of 65 treatments, which included a wide range of nitrogen fertilizer applications, water supply (irrigation and rainout shelter), planting dates, elevated atmospheric CO₂ concentrations, temperature variations, cultivars, and soil types in diverse climatic regions that represented the main wheat growing areas of the world.DSSAT-Nwheat reproduced the observed grain yields well with an overall root mean square deviation (RMSD) of 0.89 t/ha (13%). Nitrogen applications, water supply, and planting dates had large effects on observed biomass and grain yields, and the model reproduced these crop responses well. Crop total biomass and nitrogen uptake were reproduced well despite relatively poor simulations of observed leaf area measurements during the growing season. The low sensitivity of biomass simulations to poor simulations of leaf area index (LAI) were due to little changes in intercepted solar radiation at LAI >3 and water and nitrogen stress often limiting photosynthesis and growth rather than light interception at low LAI.The responses of DSSAT-Nwheat to temperature variations and elevated atmospheric CO₂ concentrations were close to observed responses. When compared with the two other DSSAT-wheat models (CERES and CROPSIM), these responses were similar, except for the responses to hot environments, due to different approaches in modeling heat stress effects.The comprehensive evaluation of the DSSAT-Nwheat model with field measurements, including a comparison with two other DSSAT-wheat models, created a multi-model simulation platform that allows the quantification of model uncertainties in wheat impact assessments.