无磷酸氢钙日粮对生长猪的影响研究

将48头杜×长×大三元杂交生长猪随机分为两组,分别饲喂正常磷水平日粮和无磷酸氢钙日粮,结果表明:与正常磷水平日粮相比,无磷酸氢钙日粮可显著提高磷的表观消化率(P<0.05),增加猪场的纯收入,减少粪中磷的排放以保护猪场周边的生态环境。     

兰坪乌骨绵羊的引种适应性观察

兰坪乌骨绵羊是原产于云南省兰坪县、国内外唯一的具有乌骨乌肉特性的独特绵羊种质资源.为探明兰坪乌骨绵羊对环境的适应性,从云南省兰坪县引种兰坪乌骨绵羊160只至安徽省宁国市,通过观察和分析引种后原种和自繁羊群在新的生态条件和饲养管理条件下的成活和抗病、生理指标、生长发育和繁殖等性能.结果表明,虽然引入地与原产地距离遥远,生态差异大,羊群各方面表现良好,云南乌骨绵羊能够适应安徽省宁国市的自然生态环境和气候条件.     

甘肃省草业可持续发展策略刍议

甘肃省发展草业具有土地、气候、生物和劳力优势。根据4个生态经济区的特点,分别讨论了草业发展与生态建设的关系。牧区生态保护与草业开发和草地畜牧业的产业更新;河西农区草畜产品生产和荒漠生态系统保护;河东黄土高原区保持水土与草畜产业链延伸;特别是甘肃省陇南山区最适于发展包括生物柴油的新型生物产业。     

高寒退化草地恢复中种子包衣对出苗的影响

采用植物性吸水材料对垂穗披碱草(Elymus nutant)和山野豌豆(Vicia amoena)种子进行包衣处理,在模拟高寒草地条件下观察包衣种子的出苗,同时测定包衣混合物的持水力.结果表明,最适条件下两种牧草种子的出苗率分别为86%和88%;在模拟条件下,种子的出苗率分别为38%和24%.经过包衣处理后,种子的出苗...     

池塘虾蟹生态养殖微孔管道增氧高产高效养殖试验

利用微孔管道增氧技术,进行池塘虾蟹生态养殖试验。结果表明,在16675m2池塘中收获河蟹2800kg,平均单产达112kg/667m2,平均效益达7500元/667m2。微孔管道增氧技术对虾蟹养殖增产增效作用明显。     

阿拉善荒漠草地生态危机及其治理对策

综述了阿拉善地区生态危机的现状 ,并根据多年来生态治理的经验和成果 ,提出了以改善生态环境为目标、草原建设为重点、综合开发为手段 ,坚持环境治理与农牧业生产并重的治理原则与方法     

Whole‐genome analysis identifying candidate genes of altitude adaptive ecological thresholds in yak populations

The domestic yak (Bos grunniens) is an iconic symbol of animal husbandry on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau. Long‐term domestication and natural selection have led to a wide distribution of yak, forming many ecological populations to adapt to the local ecological environment. High altitude is closely related to oxygen density, and it is an important environmental ecological factor for biological survival and livestock production. The aim of the present study was to perform a preliminary analysis to identify the candidate genes of altitude distribution adapted ecological thresholds in yak using next‐generation sequence technology. A total of 15,762,829 SNPs were obtained from 29 yaks with high‐ and low‐altitude distribution by genome‐wide sequencing. According to the results of the selective sweep analysis with FST and ZHp, 21 candidate genes were identified. 14 genes (serine/threonine protein kinase TNNI3K, TEN1, DYM, ITPR1, ZC4H2, KNTC1, ADGRB3, CLYBL, TANGO6, ASCC3, KLHL3, PDE4D, DEPDC1B and AGBL4) were grouped into 32 Gene Ontology terms, and four genes (RPS6KA6, ITPR1, GNAO1 and PDE4D) annotated in 35 pathways, including seven environmental information processing and one environmental adaptation. Therefore, the novel candidate genes found in the current study do not only support new theories about high‐altitude adaptation, but also further explain the molecular mechanisms of altitude adaptation threshold in yaks.     

人文因素视域下西藏草地退化问题研究

选择西藏藏北地区那曲市附近3个典型乡(镇)——那曲镇、罗玛镇、孔玛乡所属的行政村,采用参与式农村评估法中的半结构式访谈对当地的牧户进行了大量的问卷调查,以透过人文因素视角对草地生态问题进行研究,挖掘和剖析牧户特定的生态观念及生产方式,从而为该地区草地—家畜—人群生态体系和谐共处、生态环境脆弱性评价以及有针对性地进行草地生态保护提供参考依据。调查结果表明,70%的牧户认为草地质量变差,且65.0%的牧户认为鼠、虫害是造成草地退化的首要原因;在对草地退化所采取措施的认知中,21.7%的牧户认为应该减少牛、羊数量。     

青海省家畜生态类群分析

利用家畜生态适应指数 ,对全省各县的家畜进行了家畜生态类群优势序列的排列。结果表明 ,青海省各县饲养的家畜种类可概分为 10大优势生态序列 ,基本上反映了该地区饲养家畜的特点。其方法适宜 ,结果可信。按不同生态适宜家畜序列进行专业化生产 ,会对畜牧生产具有促进作用     

Effects of smoke,ash and heat shock on seed germination of seven species from Central Zagros rangelands in the semi-arid region of Iran

Fire products have been widely identified as germination cues for a number of species from both fire-prone and fire-free ecosystems. However, there is uncertainty about the effects of fire products on seed germination of semi-arid rangeland species. We examined the germination of seven dominant species from Central Zagros rangelands in the semi-arid region of Iran under various heat shock (60, 80 and 120 °C), aerosol smoke, ash and control treatments. Our findings showed that fire products could enhance, inhibit or not affect the seed germination of rangeland species in this area. The germination percentage of Astragalus adscendens increased following 60 °C heat treatment in comparison with the control. The germination of Astragalus verus, Bromus tectorum, B. tomentellus and Phlomis olivieri were increased significantly using smoke treatment (P<0.0001). The seed germination of B. tomentellus and B. tectorum was promoted by ash treatment, whereas the other species exhibited no response or were inhibited by fire products. In addition, smoke treatment shortened the overall germination time of B. tectorum. These findings suggest that fire products affect the germination of several species and can serve as potential tools for understanding the vegetation dynamics and restoration of disturbed semi-arid rangelands.