甜菜不同种植方式的研究

通过试验明确了覆膜移栽纸筒苗栽培方法具有覆盖地膜和育苗移栽双重效应，促进甜菜早发棵，早封垄。提早进入叶丛快速生长期和块根糖分积累期；改善了甜菜光合性能，增加了光合势、净光合率和光合产物经济系数，比不覆膜移栽纸筒苗的增产31％，产糖量增加27．12％，投入产出比大幅度增加。     

甘肃白银地区生态区域分异及其恢复途径初步探讨

依据白银地区的水-热及土壤基质等自然环境状况及生态恢复需要,划分白银地区为冷温微润、冷温微干、微温微干、微温干旱、微温极干5个生物气候及生态恢复区、10个恢复亚区.根据各恢复区的基本特征、退化现状和退化主导因子的分异,探讨了区域生态恢复途径.     

不同包被液对ELISA检测五号病病毒抗体的比较试验

０．０５ＭｐＨ９．６碳酸盐缓冲液和０．０５ＭＰＨ１３ＮａＯＨ溶液作为包被液，分别用于间接ＥＬＩＳＡ检测乙型五号病病毒抗体。结果表明，用０．０５ＭＰＨ１３ＮａＯＨ溶泡包被可完全灭活五号病病毒抗原而用０．０５ＭＰＨ９．６碳酸盐缓冲液却有８７％的五号病病毒抗原未被杀灭；用于检测时，以０．０５ＭＰＨ１３ＮａＯＨ溶液为包被液在敏感性及检测结果的梯度方面都优于用０．０５ＭＰＨ９．６碳酸盐缓冲液。     

妊娠黄牛的血液动力流变学观察

首次应用XXG－A型心血管功能测试仪以无创伤检测技术对16例妊娠黄牛22项血液动力流变学指标做了检测，并首次对怀孕黄牛的血液动力流变学特征做了报道。     

Development of a semi-selective medium and an immunofluorescence colony-staining procedure for the detection of Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus in cattle manure slurry

Various compounds and basal media were tested for their suitability to create a semi-selective medium for isolation ofClavibacter michiganensis subsp.sepedonicus (Cms) from cattle manure slurry containing c. 10⁸ colony forming units (cfu) per ml.Plating efficiency of Cms in yeast glucose mineral medium (YGM) was 104% compared with yeast peptone glucose medium. Nalidixic acid, polymyxin B sulphate and the experimental disinfectant S-0208 inhibited colony growth of cattle slurry bacteria as compared with Cms in YGM. The optimal concentration of these inhibitors in combination was determined by modified agar diffusion tests and by pour plating in 24-well tissue culture plates. The semi-selective medium YGMI consisted of YGM supplemented with nalidixic acid (2 mg/l), polymyxin B sulphate (30 mg/l) and S-0208 (125 mg/l). Plating efficiency varied for Cms between 50.9 and 69.6%, for cattle slurry bacteria between 1.8 and 2.5% and for saprophytes from potato heel end extracts between 11.5 and 27.4%.Differentiation of Cms colonies from other colonies was based on their small and bluish colony morphology in pour plates and on immunofluorescence colony-staining (IFC). IFC of a pure culture of micro colonies of Cms in YGM was possible after one day incubation (colonies c. 5 cells). Green background fluorescence in the agar gels was prevented by addition of Tween 20 (0.1%) to the washing buffer and the use of 1% agar gels. IFC of macro colonies of Cms in YGMI, visible with 4x objective magnification, was possible after 4 days. The detection level of the target organism in artificially inoculated cattle slurry in YGMI based on colony morphology varied between 1.4×10³ and 2.3×10⁴ cfu per ml of cattle slurry. Miniaturized plating combined with IFC, using wells in tissue culture plates (=16 mm), proved suitable for detection, but was c. 30 times les sensitive. The recovery of Cms was negatively correlated with the number of saprophytic colonies in the agar plates (R ²=0.74).     

Detection of beet yellows virus in sugarbeet plants by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)

Beet yellows virus can be detected in leaf extracts of infected sugarbeet plants by ELISA. The use of discs was studied and proved to be a valuable and qualitatively reliable method. Leaf material could be stored at 4^o or 22°C for at least six days without affecting the detection of this virus by ELISA. A dramatic decrease in ELISA values was found when leaf extracts were frozen.In an analysis of the distribution of virus over the plant it was found that young leaves present at the moment of infection and those which had still to develop after infection will contain virus. Symptoms produced by systemic virus invasion occur on the oldest leaves containing virus.Samenvatting Het bietevergelingsvirus kan op betrouwbare wijze met de ELISA methode in geïnfecteerde bieteplanten worden aangetoond. Een aanzienlijke vereenvoudiging van de procedure kan worden bereikt met de zogenaamde disc-method, waarbij intacte ponsstukjes in de putjes van de ELISA-plaat worden geïncubeerd. Hierbij komt voldoende virus uit de ponsstukjes voor ELISA vrij. Bladmateriaal kon op verschillende wijzen bewaard worden zonder dat de mogelijkheid om het virus aan te tonen achteruitging. Met bladextracten die ingevroren waren, werden echter slechte resultaten verkregen.In een analyse naar de verdeling van het virus over het loof bleek het virus voor te komen in de geïnoculeerde bladeren, in die bladeren die op het tijdstip van inoculatie minder dan de helft van hun uiteindelijke lengte bereikt hadden en in de bladeren die nog moesten verschijnen. De symptomen ontwikkelden zich op de oudste systemisch geïnfecteerde bladeren.     

苹果退绿叶斑病毒组织印迹的免疫法检测与定位

用组织培养技术将富士苹果茎尖外植体建立在ＭＳ培养基中,形成试管苗。取４—６周龄的茎与愈伤组织,徒手切取约１ｍｍ厚的横切面,印迹在硝化纤维膜上。印迹组织经封闭后,与ＣＬＳＶ碱性磷酸酶标抗体反应。对反应结果进行显色。感染ＣＬＳＶ的印迹组织呈紫色反应,正常组织无显色反应。结果表明,该方法十分容易检测印迹组织中的ＣＬＳＶ。带毒愈伤组织较茎的显色反应敏感,显色反应时间仅为茎的一半（１５ｍｉｎ）。ＣＬＳＶ在愈伤组织中有两种分布情况：一是所有组织均有显色反应;二是呈不均匀分布。ＣＬＳＶ在茎组织中有三种分布情况：第一,除髓部外,表皮、皮层及维管系统中均有分布;第二,不均匀分布,ＣＬＳＶ集中分布于表度组织中,在皮层及韧皮部仅有少量分布;第三,“嵌合”分布,即同一种组织中部分组织带毒,部分为正常组织。     

不同干燥失水方式对云南温带优良牧草营养品质的影响研究

采用迅速烘干、太阳晒干和缓慢烘干3种处理对云南温带21个牧草品种的鲜草进行干燥处理,分别测定干草的营养成分。结果表明:以干草的粗蛋白含量为指标,干燥方法以迅速烘干为佳,其次是太阳晒干,最差是缓慢烘干;从干草的粗脂肪考虑,其变化无规律,因牧草品种的不同而不同;其余指标变化不大。     

新鲜蔬菜硝酸盐含量测定的改进试粉法

 为适应新鲜蔬菜硝酸盐快速检测的需要, 在现有试粉法的基础上对硝酸盐测定的试粉法进行了改良研究。结果表明, 本研究建立的直接以去离子水浸提蔬菜匀浆, 混合试粉配方为柠檬酸∶一水硫酸锰∶无水对氨基苯磺酸∶N - 1 - 萘乙二胺盐酸盐∶细锌粉= 30∶4∶1.6∶0.8∶1, 其加入量为0.1 g的改进试粉法, 对于溶液中硝酸盐含量在0～20 mg/L范围时, 显色吸光值与硝酸盐含量呈现良好的线性关系, 相关系数达0.9999, 方法回收率在97.7%～104.5%之间, 相对标准偏差2.71%。用本改进试粉法测定11种蔬菜的硝酸盐含量与国标法测定结果的t检验具有一致性。