广叶绣球菌多糖对免疫低下小鼠大脑皮质损伤的调节作用

通过腹腔注射环磷酰胺溶液(80 mg·kg-1)构建免疫低下小鼠模型,灌胃广叶绣球菌(Sparassis latifolia)多糖(SCPs)(低、中、高剂量分别为100、200、400 mg· kg-1),通过制备苏木精-伊红(HE)染色切片观察小鼠大脑皮质形态变化;测定小鼠大脑皮质中丙二醛(malondialdeh...     

Diagnosis of Spontaneous Canine Hyperadrenocorticism: 2012 ACVIM Consensus Statement (Small Animal)

This report offers a consensus opinion on the diagnosis of spontaneous canine hyperadrenocorticism. The possibility that a patient has hyperadrenocorticism is based on the history and physical examination. Endocrine tests should be performed only when clinical signs consistent with HAC are present. None of the biochemical screening or differentiating tests for hyperadrenocorticism are perfect. Imaging can also play a role. Awareness of hyperadrenocorticism has heightened over time. Thus, case presentation is more subtle. Due to the changes in manifestations as well as test technology the Panel believes that references ranges should be reestablished. The role of cortisol precursors and sex hormones in causing a syndrome of occult hyperadrenocorticism remains unclear.     

牡丹皮中丹皮酚含量的测定

采用紫外分光光度法对牡丹皮中丹皮酚进行测定.牡丹皮中丹皮酚平均检出量为6.142 μg/mL,平均回收率为101.4％(RSD=0.75％).该方法准确、简便、重复性好,可用于牡丹皮中丹皮酚含量测定.     

Ultrasonographic quantitative evaluation of acute and chronic renal disease using the renal cortical thickness to aorta ratio in dogs

The renal cortical thickness (RCT) has been correlated with renal function. Previous studies have also reported that the RCT:Abdominal aorta(Ao) ratio is constant in normal dogs with various physical factors. This multi-center, retrospective, analytical study aimed to determine if there are differences between actual RCT and predicted value of RCT considering physical factors in dogs with acute or chronic renal disease. We also aimed to demonstrate whether the RCT and Ao ratio index would be useful for evaluating renal pathology. A total of 54 dogs with acute or chronic renal disease and 30 normal healthy dogs were included in this study. The RCT was measured at the center of the renal pyramid as the shortest distance perpendicular to the renal capsule from the base of the renal medullary pyramid at three points. The diameter of the Ao was measured just caudal to the branch of the left renal artery in the sagittal plane in systole. The RCT:Ao ratio of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients was 0.50 ± 0.11 (mean ± standard deviation). The RCT:Ao ratio in normal dogs was 0.67 ± 0.07. The RCT:Ao ratio in patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) was 0.83 ± 0.05. There was a statistically significant difference between normal dogs and dogs with CKD (P < 0.001) and between normal dogs and dogs with AKI (P < 0.001). In conclusion, findings from the current study supported using the RCT:Ao ratio as a non-invasive quantitative method for characterizing kidney pathology in dogs with acute or chronic renal disease.     

木薯块根不同部位的营养成分研究

【目的】研究木薯块根中营养成分的分布规律,以提高木薯的综合利用价值。【方法】分别取6份木薯种质全薯、薯肉、薯皮的头、中、尾3段,测定其β-胡萝卜素含量及干物质、粗淀粉、粗蛋白、可溶性糖和粗纤维6种营养成分的质量分数,并分析不同部位营养成分的相关性。【结果】薯肉的干物质、粗淀粉质量分数分别是薯皮的1.3~1.8倍和1.2~2.8倍,表现为薯肉全薯薯皮;薯皮的β-胡萝卜素含量及粗蛋白、可溶性糖、粗纤维质量分数分别是薯肉的1.2~15.3,2.4~6.7,1.2~2.2和3.4~7.5倍,表现为薯皮全薯薯肉;薯皮干样的粗淀粉质量分数为27.1%~69.0%,是薯肉的32.8%~93.3%;6份木薯种质的全薯、薯肉、薯皮的头、中、尾3段粗蛋白、干物质质量分数均表现为头段中段尾段,且差异均达到极显著水平。【结论】木薯薯皮营养成分丰富,应重视木薯薯皮的综合利用。     

鹿特异性复合麻醉剂对大鼠大脑皮层Na~+-K~+-ATP酶活性的影响

通过测定鹿特异性复合麻醉剂麻醉下大鼠大脑皮层Na~+-K~+-ATP酶活性的变化,探讨了其麻醉与大鼠大脑皮层Na~+-K~+-ATP酶的关系。将32只纯种SD大鼠随机分成对照组、诱导组、麻醉组和催醒组,对照组大鼠按30 m L/kg体重腹腔注射生理盐水,其余各组按30 mg/kg体重腹腔注射鹿特异性复合麻醉剂,于各时间点冰上采集各组大鼠大脑皮层,采用比色法测定其Na~+-K~+-ATP酶活性。结果显示,药物作用后大鼠大脑皮层Na~+-K~+-ATP酶活性显著低于对照组(P0.05或P0.01)。该结果提示大鼠大脑皮层Na~+-K~+-ATP酶活性变化与鹿特异性复合麻醉剂的麻醉作用具有相关性。     

木薯块根解剖结构及皮层厚度与淀粉积累的关系

为对木薯块根皮层厚度及其解剖结构进行研究,以高粉品种‘新选048’、‘辐选01’和低粉品种‘华南124’为研究材料,对3 个木薯品种的块根皮层与淀粉储藏区淀粉颗粒大小、皮层厚度和皮层及淀粉储藏区多项生理指标进行了测定。结果表明：3 个品种块根储藏区中淀粉粒要比皮层中长;高粉品种淀粉粒在2 个组织中都比低粉品种‘华南124’的长;木薯皮层厚度与淀粉含量的积累呈负相关关系,这种关系在具亲缘关系的木薯品种之间尤为明显;在对块根皮层与淀粉储藏区各项生理指标的测定中,发现3 种可溶性糖及可溶性总糖在皮层中积累要远远大于淀粉储藏区,且高粉品种可溶性总糖含量在皮层与淀粉储藏区中差异最显著,这说明块根皮层对淀粉积累起了关键作用。     

Expression of the ACTH receptor, steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, and steroidogenic enzymes in canine cortisol-secreting adrenocortical tumors

Studies of human adrenocortical tumors (ATs) causing Cushing's syndrome suggest that hypersecretion of cortisol is caused by altered expression of steroidogenic enzymes and that steroidogenesis can only be maintained when there is expression of the ACTH receptor (ACTH-R). Here we report the screening for the mRNA expression of the ACTH-R, steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR), cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme, 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, 21-hydroxylase (all in 38 cortisol-secreting ATs), 17α-hydroxylase, and 11β-hydroxylase (both in 28 cortisol-secreting ATs). Real-time PCR (RT-PCR) was applied in all samples and was compared with that in normal canine adrenal glands. Messenger-RNA encoding StAR, steroidogenic enzymes, and ACTH-R were present in both normal adrenal glands and cortisol-secreting ATs. The amounts of mRNA encoding StAR and enzymes of the steroidogenic cluster needed for cortisol production did not differ significantly between either adenomas or carcinomas and normal adrenal glands. The amount of mRNA encoding ACTH-R was significantly lower in carcinomas than in normal adrenal glands (P = 0.008). In conclusion, RT-PCR analysis revealed no overexpression of StAR and steroidogenic enzymes in canine cortisol-secreting ATs. Significant downregulation of ACTH-R in carcinomas might be associated with the malignant character of the AT.     

六味地黄散中牡丹皮的薄层鉴别及含量测定研究

对《中国兽药典》2005年版二部收载品种六味地黄散组方中牡丹皮进行了薄层色谱法鉴别和有效成分丹皮酚含量测定研究。用薄层色谱法鉴别组方中牡丹皮的有效成分丹皮酚,分离效果较好（Rf=0.648）,斑点显色清晰且无干扰;用高效液相色谱法测定牡丹皮中丹皮酚在0.005-0.08 mg/mL峰面积与浓度呈良好线性关系,γ=1,回收率为99.1%,完善了六味地黄散质量标准的质量控制。     

应激性抑郁症大鼠眶额叶Fos蛋白表达的变化

大脑眶额叶(OFC)是与情绪密切相关的脑区,试验主要通过强迫游泳制造应激抑郁大鼠模型,免疫组织化学方法观察模型鼠大脑OFC及其他脑区Fos蛋白表达变化,以揭示OFC区与应激性抑郁症之间的关系。结果与对照组比较,强迫游泳应激后大鼠眶额叶、海马、丘脑室旁核、杏仁内侧核等多个脑区均有Fos蛋白高表达,差异极显著(P0.01)。强迫游泳应激后OFC区Fos蛋白高表达,结果表明,OFC区参与了应激性抑郁症的发生。