Effects of exogenous ADM on HPA axis in early stage of acute mechanical renal trauma

AIM: To explore the effects of exogenous adrenomedullin(ADM) on hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal cortex (HPA)axis in the early stage of acute mechanical renal trauma.METHODS: Healthy adult Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: 8 in control group, 32 in trauma group, 32 in the group injected with ADM before trauma and 32 in the group injected with ADM after trauma. To induce renal trauma, the rats in the latter 3 groups were subjected to mechanical impact directly on the skin of renal region by a free-fall iron hammer. The rats in 2 treatment groups were injected with ADM (0.1 nmol/kg) intraperitoneally 10 min just before and after trauma,respectively. The rats in the 3 groups with kidney injury were executed in batches by drawing all the blood quickly in the hearts at the time points of 1 h, 6 h, 12 h and 24 h after trauma. The hypothalamus tissues were also collected. The expression of corticotropin-releasing hormone(CRH) in hypothalamus and the concentrations of adrenocorticotropic hormone(ACTH) and cortisol(CORT) in plasma were detected by immunohistochemical method and radioimmunoassay. RESULTS: The expression of CRH in hypothalamus and the concentrations of ACTH and CORT in plasma in trauma group,but were slightly higher than those in control group,but without statistical significance. The expression of CRH in hypothalamus at 1 h and 24 h, the concentration of ACTH in plasma at 12 h and CORT at 6 h,12 h and 24 h in the group injected with ADM before trauma significantly higher than those in trauma group and control group (P<0.05). The expression of CRH in hypothalamus at 1 h, 6 h and 12 h and the concentration of CORT in plasma at 12 h and 24 h in the group injected with ADM after trauma were obviously higher than those in trauma group and control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Exogenous ADM stimulates HPA axis and activates the function of HPA axis markedly. However, the different layers of HPA axis have different responses to exogenous ADM. Injection of ADM before or after trauma has different effects on HPA axis.     

卵巢皮质与输卵管上皮细胞对猪卵母细胞体外成熟与体外受精的影响

在猪输卵管上皮细胞（pOECs）与猪卵巢皮质细胞（pOCCs）共培养体系中进行猪卵子体外成熟（IVM）,研究比较了pOECs与pOCCs对猪卵母细胞体外成熟（IVM）、体外受精与胚胎发育的影响。结果显示：pOCCs或pOECs参与猪卵子体外成熟可显著提高卵丘扩散与MⅡ期卵子的比例（P<0.05）,然而GV期卵子的比例却没有显著减少（P>0.05）;pOCCs组内成熟卵子的GSH含量显著高于其余各组（P<0.05）,而GSH在pOECs组与对照组之间差异不显著（P>0.05）;尽管pOCCs和pOECs共成熟可显著降低多精入卵的比例（P<0.05）,但是受精率与雄原核形成率（MPN）在各组间却无显著差异（P>0.05）;pOCCs和pOECs共培养均可以显著提高卵裂率与囊胚发育率（P>0.05）,然而囊胚细胞数在处理组与对照组间没有显著性差异（P>0.05）。研究认为,pOCCs与pOECs共培养体系能显著提高猪卵母细胞IVM质量,降低多精入卵的发生,并提高囊胚发育率。     

银屑平丸对寻常型银屑病患者皮损中STAT3和P-STAT3表达的影响

目的 通过观察银屑平丸对寻常型银屑病患者皮损中STAT3（信号转导与转录活化因子3）和P-STAT3（磷酸化信号转导与转录活化因子3）表达的影响,探讨银屑病的发病机制及银屑平丸治疗寻常型银屑病的作用靶点。方法 21例寻常型银屑病患者予口服银屑平丸治疗,疗程8周。用免疫组化法检测其治疗前后皮损STAT3、P-STAT3的表达,并与20例整形切除术后的正常皮肤相比较。结果 银屑平丸治疗组治疗前皮损STAT3、P-STAT3的平均灰度值与正常组相比,其表达明显升高（P<0.01）;治疗后皮损STAT3、P-STAT3的平均灰度值较治疗前表达明显下降（P<0.05）。治疗组治疗前后STAT3、P-STAT3的表达呈正相关（P<0.05）。结论 在寻常型银屑病中存在STAT3、P-STAT3的高表达,证实寻常型银屑病的发生、发展与两者相关。银屑平丸通过降低皮损中STAT3、P-STAT3的表达水平,调节银屑病中角质形成细胞的增殖和细胞凋亡,改善银屑病对机体的损伤。     

不同日龄牦牛大脑视皮质发育的组织形态学研究

为探明不同发育阶段牦牛大脑视皮质的组织形态结构,应用组织学技术及图像分析软件对不同发育期(1日龄、30日龄、180日龄和成年)对牦牛大脑视皮质厚度、神经元密度和神经元截面积进行分析测量。结果表明,随着年龄的增加,牦牛大脑视皮质的厚度增厚、神经元截面积增大和神经元密度在30日龄时最大,显著高于180日龄和成年组(P<0.05)。结果提示,牦牛大脑视皮质的厚度和神经元截面积从出生到成年逐渐增加,神经元密度从30日龄到成年则逐渐减少。     

POSTNATAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE CEREBRAL GYRIFICATION IN THE CANINE BRAIN

Data herein provide a reference for the normal development of canine postnatal cerebral cortical morphology. The growth of the canine cerebrum involves the emergence of sulci in a regular sequence of appearance through a number of breeds. The sequential course of sulcus development is constant in all breeds of the same age. The cortical surface is characterized by the full set of sulci at day 14 postpartum. These data will be useful for the investigations into abnormal canine cerebral cortex development.     

吴茱萸和牡丹皮水提液的除杂处理及抑菌性研究

为了探索对吴茱萸[Evodia rutaecarpa(Juss.)Benth.]果实和牡丹(Paeonia suffruticosa Andr.)根皮2种中药材水提液进行除杂的最佳方法和条件,以及除杂对上述药材水提液抑菌效果的影响,采用正交试验对药/水比例、澄清剂用量、反应温度进行了筛选并用滤纸片法比较了除杂前后水提物的抑菌效果。结果表明,吴茱萸的水提液在药/水比为1∶5,处理温度为60℃,ZTC1+1澄清剂A组分和B组分加入量分别为6%和12%时条件下除杂效果最佳,蛋白质和鞣质的去除率分别为70.14%和96.04%;牡丹皮的水提液在药/水比为1∶10,处理温度为70℃,ZTC1+1澄清剂A组分和B组分加入量分别为4%和8%时条件下除杂效果最佳,蛋白质和鞣质的去除率分别为83.05%和87.44%;处理前后的吴茱萸水提液对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌圈大小分别为18.4和19.4mm,对绿脓杆菌无抑制作用;处理前后的牡丹皮水提液对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌圈大小分别为22.9和23.1mm,对绿脓杆菌抑菌圈大小分别为14.7和15.6mm。处理前后水提液的抑菌效果没有显著性差异。     

丹皮多糖的提取工艺研究

以丹皮为研究对象,采用单因素试验和正交试验,进行了超声波法和传统热水法提取丹皮多糖的初步探讨,其中得到了传统热水提取法的最佳工艺条件为浸提温度80℃、提取时间90 min、料液比1∶35;超声波提取丹皮多糖的最佳工艺条件：温度80℃、时间25 min、料液比1∶25、功率200 W、物料粉碎粒度160目,在此工艺条件下,粗多糖得率为13.6%。超声波法与传统热水法相比,提取时间缩短约2/3,多糖得率提高46%以上。     

出生前山羊小脑皮质神经元超微结构的观察

应用超薄切片技术研究了第6周到出生前山羊小脑皮质神经元超微结构发育的变化。结果表明:(1)出生前山羊小脑皮质内颗粒层细胞在第10周龄以前一直处于未分化状态,第10周龄以后开始分化,但直到出生前山羊小脑皮质内颗粒层细胞内细胞器的种类和数量都增加缓慢。(2)小脑浦肯野氏细胞在第7周龄以前处于未分化状态;在第7周龄开始分化,第7～14周龄处于不成熟期;第15～18周龄浦肯野氏细胞处于发育成熟期,细胞内各种细胞器均出现并充满整个胞体,细胞核膜趋于成熟,核内常染色质发达,中央核仁发育成熟;浦肯野氏细胞自第19周龄开始进入成熟期,细胞内尼氏小体开始形成并发育,但其体积较小,界限不明显,这表明浦肯野氏细胞在出生前尚未完全成熟,出生后仍存在一个较长生后发育过程。     

猪大脑皮质、海马结构、梨状叶和杏仁核内leptin长形受体mRNA的分布定位

用分子生物学的方法合成了leptin长形受体（Ob-Rb)反意和正意核酸探针，用原位杂交法研究了5头2-3月龄母猪端脑一些结构内Ob-Rb mRNA的分布定位。结果表明，猪Ob-Rb mRNA分布于大脑皮质、梨状叶、海马、齿状回和杏仁核。大脑皮质和梨状叶内的Ob-Rb mRNA标记神经元主要位于第Ⅱ-Ⅵ层，分子层偶见标记神经元。海马结构内的Ob-Rm mRNA标记神经元主要位于海马的锥体细胞层和齿状回的颗粒层，在海马的始层和齿状回的多形层偶见标记神经元，在海马的辐射层和腔隙层罕见标记细胞。实验结果弥补了猪端脑内Ob-Rb mRNA分布定位资料的空白，为理解leptin的生理功能提供了形态学基础。