Survey and Analysis of Common Diseases of Laboratory Monkeys in Kunming Area

Survey and analysis of common diseases of laboratory monkeys are great significance to understand disease epidemiology, and formulate a set of scientific and reasonable measures for prevention and control disease, to improve the quantity and quality of laboratory monkeys, to ensure the accuracy of the animal experiment results. Through the investigation of the sick and dead animals of a large-scale laboratory monkeys breeding facility in Kunming area in 2014, the animals were classified depends on the main diseases, and the diseases were classified according to adult and juvenile animals, data were analyzed by Excel Office 2010 software. The results showed the common diseases of laboratory monkeys included the digestive system, respiratory system, trauma, reproductive system, and locomotor system disease, which were 47.45%, 13.06%, 12.10%, 11.46% and 8.92% separately; Common diseases included diarrhoea, soft tissue injuries, abortion, lobar pneumonia, dysentery, arthritis, intestinal pneumatosis, chronic colitis, and extreme bad nutrition, the ratio were 18.47%, 11.15%, 8.91%, 8.28%, 8.28%, 7.96%, 5.10%, 5.10% and 5.09% separately. Comprehensive analysis of common diseases and disease occurrence causes of the laboratory monkeys, suggesting that providing better quality laboratory monkeys for scientific research only by constantly improving the scientific breeding management level, constantly strengthening veterinary capacity, mastering the theoretical knowledge and scientific diagnosis method.     

兔绿脓假单胞菌性肺炎的诊断与防治

本文报道近年来我省某试验养兔场兔群中流行一种生前以呼吸困难、口鼻出现血样分泌物症状,死后剖检以肺组织变性坏死为特征的疫情,经临床观察、实验诊断、病理剖检和病理组织学检查、流行病学调查及动物致病性实验研究,鉴定为绿脓假单胞菌(Ps.aeruginosa)引起的肺炎,该病特点传染快、死亡率高。通过流行病学调查,探索该病发病流行规律,为防治本病提供科学依据。     

Comparison of a semiquantitative point-of-care assay for the detection of canine microalbuminuria with routine semiquantitative methods for proteinuria

Background: It has been speculated that renal disease can be identified through the detection and quantification of microalbuminuria, however, reliable measurement of albuminuria in any quantity can be challenging. Recently, a new point‐of‐care immunoassay was validated for the specific detection of microalbuminuria and early renal disease in dogs. Objectives: The goal of this study was to determine if measurement of microalbuminuria by the point‐of‐care immunoassay correlated with results from routine semiquantitative methods for detecting proteinuria in dogs. Methods: One hundred and thirty‐eight urine samples, from 133 different dogs, submitted for urinalysis to the Clinical Pathology Laboratory at the University of Missouri‐Columbia Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital were eligible for the study. Samples that contained >20 RBC/high power field (hpf) or >20 WBC/hpf were excluded, as were samples with insufficient volume to complete all tests. All samples were evaluated with a urinary dipstick with or without a sulfosalicylic acid turbidimetric test, a urine protein:creatinine (UPC) ratio, and the immunoassay for microalbuminuria. Data were analyzed by the Spearman rank order correlation. Results: Microalbuminuria results correlated significantly with those of the dipstick (r= 0.715), sulfosalicylic acid test (r= 0.742), and UPC ratio (r= 0.830). Correlation between the immunoassay and UPC ratio was the same (r= 0.830) when only samples with trace or 1+ proteinuria by dipstick were analyzed (n = 51). Conclusions: The point‐of‐care immunoassay results for microalbuminuria correlated with the results of semiquantitative methods for detecting total proteinuria in dogs. Routine methods for canine proteinuria appear to be adequate for determining whether further testing for renal disease is warranted.     

A multicentric retrospective study of serum/plasma urea and creatinine concentrations in dogs using univariate and multivariate decision rules to evaluate diagnostic efficiency

BACKGROUND: Urea and creatinine are the most frequently used indirect markers in plasma and serum of glomerular filtration rate in dogs. Both have been shown to lack sensitivity but their diagnostic efficiency for the diagnosis of kidney disease has been minimally investigated. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this retrospective study was to investigate the influence of possible factors of variation on both analytes and to determine whether specific decision rules should be drawn up for subpopulations of dogs. METHODS: The results of urea and creatinine measurements, breed, sex, age, and health status (healthy, renal disease, or nonrenal disease) of 3822 dogs were collected from the archives of 5 veterinary clinics. Data were analyzed with univariate and multivariate decision rules with and without adjustment. RESULTS: There were significant effects and interactions of almost all of the sources of variation. Slight improvements in diagnostic efficiency were obtained by adjusting the decision rules to these sources of variations. Univariate decision rules gave approximately the same diagnostic efficiency for urea and creatinine concentrations, with sensitivity and specificity in the range of 70% and 90%, respectively, using the upper limit of the reference interval as the threshold value. Multivariate decision rules provided only minor improvements in diagnostic efficiency. CONCLUSION: Simultaneous measurement of both urea and creatinine is of limited diagnostic value over the analysis of a single variable. Creatinine is the preferred analyte as it is affected by fewer extrarenal factors of variation.     

Distribution De Quelques Espèces De Cercopithecidae En Relation Avec Les Zones De Végétation De L’Afrique

The reproductive physiology of the impala was studied in the Kruger National Park. The data concerning the hypophysial hormones, the androgenic hormones and ovarian histology are discussed in relation to the behaviour of the animal.

It was found that the male animal shows the most profound behavioural changes which occur during the mating season. These changes are induced by an increase of interstitial cell-stimulating hormone which leads to an increase in androgenic hormone. The female shows relatively few behavioural changes during the mating season, the only change being at the time of oestrus.

On the basis of the data presented and information reported for domestic animals, it is postulated that the behaviour of the male impala plays an important role in determining the breeding season.     

Protection by iron salts against sporidesmin intoxication in sheep

A number of iron compounds have been shown to protect sheep against the harmful effects of the facial eczema toxin, sporidesmin. Various salts were found to be effective; the oxidation state of the metal was not important although water-solubility did appear to be a prerequisite for prophylactic activity. The effect of iron salts was additive with that of zinc, and it is suggested that the protective action of these compounds results from their ability to inhibit the absorption of copper, consistent with the previously-proposed freeradical mechanism for sporidesmin toxicity.     

通过雏鸡MDV攻毒试验选择抗马立克氏病亲本

对F0、F1、F2亲本经继代No.614血型基因选择后繁殖的F2、F3雏鸡,10日龄以马立克氏病强毒（MDV）攻击至60日龄的死亡率,其父母亲对No.614抗血清呈阳性反应的试验组显著低于其父母亲对此抗血清呈阴性反应的对照组。试验组25个家系中,有14个家系的F2雏鸡死亡率显著低于对照组;F3雏鸡有21个家系的死亡率低于对照组,其中8个家系具有统计意义。肿瘤发生率,以肾脏和腺胃最高,肺脏和神经组织最低。综合血型抗原检测和MDV攻毒结果,从试验组25个家系中选留强MDV抗性家系留种繁殖,继代选育。     

散养湘黄鸡常见病的临床表现特点及其防制

湘黄鸡进行专业户(场)散养时，由于生产方式不同于舍饲群养，其生产环境、食物结构和易感病种类都必然发生变化。对此，笔者结合临床所遇病例进行了研究总结，对散养湘黄鸡的几种常发病的病因、病理、临床表现及防治特点等方面进行了介绍。     

Potential as an aerosol vaccine of an improved Newcastle disease vaccine derived from the LaSota strain—II. In vivo studies

Aerosol administrations of RIT 4030 and other available vaccine strains have been carried out in SPF and in conventional chickens. The results indicate that the RIT 4030 and Ulster 2C strains are significantly less reactogenic than the LaSota and the Hitchner B1 strains.The RIT 4030 strain produces an immune response even when administered to chickens with maternal antibodies and induces a better protection to challenge than the Ulster 2C strain.The replication of the RIT 4030 strain in the respiratory tract will be discussed with respect to its attenuation and transmissibility.