N-甲基氨基甲酸-8-喹啉酯农药的研制

介绍了用光气、8-羟基喹啉和甲胺合成N-甲基氮基甲酸-8-喹啉酯的方法.通过光谱分析,产品与预测结构一致,它属于氮基甲酸酯类新农药.防效测定,对稻飞虱成虫有良好防治效果,有效期为15～20d;对棉蚜防治,效果可达95％以上.为氨基甲酸酯类新农药的研制,提供了参考依据.     

黄瓜番茄中氨基甲酸酯类农药残留量的高效液相色谱测定

研究了采用高效液相色谱(配荧光检测器和柱后衍生系统)同时测定黄瓜、番茄中三羟基克百威、速灭威、残杀威、克百威、甲奈威、异丙威、抗蚜威、仲丁威等8种氨基甲酸酯类农药的多残留分析方法,对每种农药均做3种不同浓度0.05、0.1、0.5 mg.kg-1的添加回收率试验。结果表明,该方法对于8种农药的回收率为70%~105%,变异系数在10%之内,最小检出限为0.001 0~0.007 5 mg.kg-1。     

A method for the determination of chlorpropham residues in crisps and crisp frying oil

Summary Chlorpropham residues in potato crisps were determined by a method of analysis involving solvent extraction, alumina column clean-up and quantification of the chlorpropham by gas chromatography. The method has an overall recovery rate of 93.2% and the minimum detectable amount is equivalent to 0.035 mg kg¹. Commercial samples having an initial residues of 0.18 mg kg¹ in washed, peeled slices contained a residue of 0.45 mg kg¹ after frying; the frier oil contained 0.4 mg kg¹.     

Is Apis mellifera more sensitive to insecticides than other insects?

BACKGROUND: Honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) are among the most important pollinators in natural and agricultural settings. They commonly encounter insecticides, and the effects of insecticides on honey bees have been frequently noted. It has been suggested that honey bees may be (as a species) uniquely sensitive to insecticides, although no comparative toxicology study has been undertaken to examine this claim. An extensive literature review was conducted, using data in which adult insects were topically treated with insecticides. The goal of this review was to summarize insecticide toxicity data between A. mellifera and other insects to determine the relative sensitivity of honey bees to insecticides. RESULTS: It was found that, in general, honey bees were no more sensitive than other insect species across the 62 insecticides examined. In addition, honey bees were not more sensitive to any of the six classes of insecticides (carbamates, nicotinoids, organochlorines, organophosphates, pyrethroids and miscellaneous) examined. CONCLUSIONS: While honey bees can be sensitive to individual insecticides, they are not a highly sensitive species to insecticides overall, or even to specific classes of insecticides. However, all pesticides should be used in a way that minimizes honey bee exposure, so as to minimize possible declines in the number of bees and/or honey contamination. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry     

九种农药制剂和一种叶面肥中有机磷和氨基甲酸酯类隐性成分的快速检测

建立了一种针对9种农药制剂和1种叶面肥中隐性添加23种有机磷或氨基甲酸酯类农药的快速检测方法。将农药制剂和叶面肥用磷酸盐缓冲溶液稀释静置后取上清液,加入乙酰胆碱酯酶溶液和显色剂,摇匀后反应5 min,加入底物后通过农药残留速测仪在波长412 nm处测定0~3 min的吸光度变化值。此外,对氧乐果、甲拌磷和甲基对硫磷在9种农药制剂和1种叶面肥中的检出限进行了验证。结果表明:该方法检出限在0.03~4.4 mg/L之间,当在9种农药制剂和1种叶面肥中的添加水平略低于检出限时,其抑制率均50%(为56%~100%)。本方法可用于定性判断农药制剂中是否添加了上述隐性成分。     

竹纤维研究进展

介绍了竹纤维的天然特性与优点,及其在功能性保健纺织品方面上的应用,简要阐述了竹原纤维、竹浆纤维、竹炭、纤维、竹纤维素氨基甲酸酯和纳米改性竹炭的原理及生产工艺流程,对我国竹纤维的发展现状进行了综述,并对未来发展趋势进行了展望。     

超高效液相色谱-质谱/质谱法测定叶菜中11种氨基甲酸酯农药残留

建立了采用固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-质谱/质谱法(SPE-LC-MS/MS)对叶菜中11种氨基甲酸酯农药(克百威、3羟基克百威、甲萘威、仲丁威、异丙威、抗牙威、速灭威、灭多威、涕灭威、涕灭威亚砜、涕灭威砜)残留同时测定的方法。样品用乙腈提取后经氨基固相萃取柱净化处理,经Acquity UPLCTM BEH C18(100 mm×2.1 mm,1.7μm)色谱柱分离后测定,该方法采用多反应监测(MRM)离子扫描模式,外标法进行定量,线性良好(r2>0.994),检出限为0.001～0.004 mg/kg,总体回收率为80.4%～99.8%,相对标准偏差为3.4%～10.8%。该方法的定量限满足目前国内外药物的最大残留限量要求,可作为叶菜中相关药物残留的筛选检测方法。     

高效液相色谱-质谱联用测定红酒中的氨基甲酸甲酯

[目的]建立一种测定红酒中氨基甲酸甲酯(MC)的高效液相色谱-质谱联用法(HPLC-MS)。[方法]对样品采用0.45μm微孔滤膜过滤后,用氨基固相萃取小柱进行提取、纯化和氮吹浓缩处理,然后用HPLC-MS进行定性定量分析。HPLC条件为:色谱柱,氰基农残色谱柱(250 mm×4.60 mm i.d.,5μm);流动相,乙腈-水(0.1%乙酸)80∶20;流速0.8 ml/min;检测波长195 nm;柱温25℃;进样量20μl。质谱条件:离子源为电喷雾离子源(ESI+源),扫描方式为正离子扫描,干燥气流速为8.0 L/min,干燥气温度为350℃,扫描范围为50～200 m/z,雾化气压力为275.8 kPa。[结果]MC在0.1～20μg/ml范围内线性关系良好,相关系数r为0.996 0。平均回收率为83.40%,RSD为6.8%。[结论]所建立的方法具有较好的精密度和准确度,并具有样品处理简单、检测限低、分析时间短等特点,适于红酒中MC的测定。