Potential of Nicotiana glauca (Grah.) as a source of resistance to black root rot Thielaviopsis basicola (Berk. and Broome) Ferr. in tobacco improvement

Nicotiana glauca, a wild relative of Nicotiana tabacum, is an attractive potential source of black root rot (Thielaviopsis basicola)‐resistant germplasm. Moreover, it shows a resistance or tolerance to PVY, TEV, anthracnose and powdery mildew. In this study its potential as a source of resistance to black root rot caused by Th. basicola was investigated. Nicotiana glauca GG (2n = 2x = 24) was crossed as male with two N. tabacum TT (2n = 4x = 48) flue‐cured cultivars: ‘BY103’ and ‘K 326’, both of which are susceptible to black root rot. Amphihaploid F₁ TG (2n = 3x = 36), amphidiploid TTGG (2n = 6x = 72) and sesquidiploid TTG (2n = 5x = 60) hybrids were obtained. The resultant sesquidiploid hybrids were used as maternal components in backcrossing to N. tabacum and a segregating post‐sesquidiploid TTg (2n = 5x = 52–54) offspring was obtained. Amphihaploids exhibited a level of resistance to black root rot characteristic of N. glauca. The expression of resistance varied in the sesquidiploid generation, possibly reflecting cytological instabilities in that progeny. A wide variation in response to black root rot was found for post‐sesquidiploids a clear reflection of extensive chromosome segregation in that hybrid generation.     

黄土高原区不同密度刺槐林冠层结构特征及月动态变化

为合理经营黄土高原区刺槐人工林,利用LAI-2200植物冠层分析仪,研究了不同密度刺槐人工林冠层结构特征及月变化。结果表明:密度对LAI(叶面积指数)有影响,随着密度的增加,林分叶面积指数趋于一致;在生长月份上,LAI为先增后降趋势,最大值出现在6月底。密度与冠层开度呈显著负相关,随着密度的增加,刺槐林DIFN明显降低,925～1 125株/hm2与其他3个密度林分有显著性差异;DIFN(无截取散射)随月份的变化均呈"V"字型变化,在6月底至8月初DIFN最低。密度与MTA(平均叶倾角)呈显著正相关,密度在925～1 125株/hm2范围的刺槐林分,叶片几乎处于水平状态,其他3种密度林分MTA均在40°～50°之间有最大分布频率,而月份对MTA影响不显著。对叶面积指数与冠层开度进行回归分析,发现两者之间呈指数回归关系(R2=0.998)。     

不同因素对乳突类圆线虫离体培养的影响

采用生物统计的正交试验设计方法，研究了Ｍ１９９、犊血清（ＣＢＳ）、鸡胚提取物（ＣＥＥ５０）、兔肝提取物（ＲＬＥ５０）、丙酮酸钠（ＳＰ）、水解酪蛋白（ＣＨ）和酵母提取物（ＹＥ）在离体培养中对乳突类圆线虫第三期幼虫存活和生长发育的影响。结果表明，只有ＣＢＳ和ＲＬＥ５０。对第三期幼虫的存活和生长发育起着显著的促进作用、在试验得出的最适含量组合的培养基内，幼虫生长发育最好，存活时间最长为３７ｄ。对Ｍ１９９、ＥＭＥＭ、Ｆ１２和ＲＰＭＩ１６４０这４种商品组织培养基进行了筛选试验；结果显示Ｍ１９９最佳，表明脂溶性维生素可能是乳突类圆线虫的离体培养所需营养之一。     

Assessment of shoreline vegetation in relation to use by molting black brant Branta bernicla nigricans on the Alaska coastal plain

To evaluate the importance of large thaw lakes on the Alaska Coastal Plain for molting Pacific black brant Branta bernicla nigricans, distribution and life form of shoreline vegetation were assessed using several scales: satellite imagery, point-intercept transects, cover quadrats, and a parameter for water regime. Brant population and distribution estimates from aerial surveys were used to classify large lakes into high, moderate, and low use. Correlations between brant and abundance of their preferred feeding site — moss flats — were best demostrated by satellite imagery. Intercepts and cover ratings were not correlated, presumably because these techniques were less efficient at assessing area. General observations suggested that the presence of islands, large ice floes, and possibly other physical attributes of the habitat, influenced brant distribution. This area is unique because of low-lying, drained-lake basins that have ideal combinations of moss flats and large water areas where brant seek protection disturbance is vital to the success of this declining species because alternate habitats may not be available elsewhere on the Coastal Plain. in water or on ice floes. Protection of the area from     

黑豆不同发芽期VC变化规律研究

采用0.1%的草酸作为流动相,研究用高效液相色谱法测定黑豆不同发芽期VC的含量。通过正交试验分析:当溶液pH值7.5,温度23℃培养7 d时,黑豆芽中VC含量最高,并且黑豆芽的外观品质较好。     

优质黑皮大豆庐州黑的高产栽培技术研究

[目的]为了解决在生产中黑皮大豆庐州黑农艺措施不当、单产不稳的问题,发挥该品种的增产潜力。[方法]采用正交试验设计L(934)研究播期、密度、施氮量对优质黑皮大豆庐州黑产量的影响。[结果]播种期为5月31日,密度为10.5万株/hm2,施纯氮为69.0kg/hm2处理的产量居第一位,达4183.5kg/hm2。[结论]庐州黑为迟熟大豆品种,对温、光条件较为敏感,在巢湖市种植的适宜播期为5月下旬、密度为10.5万株/hm2,中等肥力地块施纯氮37.5～52.5kg/hm2;低肥力地块施纯氮52.5～67.5kg/hm2;高肥力地块不施或少施氮素。     

黑龙江省乡土杨树与美洲黑杨杂交新品种的选育技术

通过试验和评比,选出了生长性、抗性强的4个杂种无性系,其无性系为苇河大青杨×盖县3、带岭大青杨×山海关2、方正小叶杨×盖县2、苇河大青杨×盖县2.     

红碎茶发酵过程中蛋白质组成含量变化规律的研究

本研究探讨了红碎茶发酵过程中简单蛋白质组成和复合蛋白的含量变化规律。在发酵过程中,简单蛋白质含量逐步减少,复合蛋白含量不断增加,两者的含量变化高度相关。发酵叶的简单蛋白质中,谷蛋白占64％左右.发酵过程简单蛋白质的含量减少主要是谷蛋白,占减少总量的66％～72％,其次是醇溶蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白。研究表明,红碎茶发酵过程能与多酚类及其氧化产物产生结合的蛋白质主要是谷蛋白.发酵叶温高,蛋白质与多酚类的结合作用加强,各类简单蛋白质的减少量和复合蛋白的增加量都明显提高,发酵叶中水溶性多酚类、儿茶素的保留量明显下降。发酵60～80min,蛋白质的结合作用最大.     

不同饲料配方对熊取胆量和养分消化率的影响

本实验应用分期实验的方法，对6头约8岁左右的黑熊进行了两种不同饲料配方对其产胆量和消化率影响的初步研究，实验结果表明：在消化率方面，实验组较对照组的消化率有很大的提高，尤其是日粮中粗纤维和磷的消化率较对照组差异显著（P＜0.05），日粮中粗脂肪的消化率较对照组差异极显著（P＜0.01）；在胆法产量和干粉率方面，由于5月份正值熊的发情季节，同时恰逢冬眠推迟的延续期，采食量下降，胆汗产量和干粉率较对照组（1999年3月）略有下降，但与去年同期（1998年5月)的对照组相比较，确实有一定程度的增长。     

河南省砂姜黑土持水性的研究

用土壤水分能量和形态相结合的方法,对河南省几个砂姜黑土剖面的水分特征进行了研究,结论为:心土层贮水、透水能力低下是砂姜黑土容易形成内涝的主要原因;有效水不足是限制作物产量的重要因素;加深耕作深度,改善土壤的结构状况是改良砂姜黑土水分性状的根本措施。