利用表面增强拉曼光谱定量检测植物激素脱落酸

植物激素脱落酸(Abscisic Acid,ABA)在调控植物生长和发育方面具有重要作用.然而,ABA在植物组织中含量较低,迫切需要快速灵敏的检测方法.本研究建立了一种基于适配体识别和表面增强拉曼光谱(Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy,SERS)检测的ABA快速、定量检测方法.AB...     

植物源POD和CAT的筛选及其与重金属的相互作用

采用分光光度法和滴定法对南瓜、冬瓜、小白菜、红萝卜等30种植物组织中的过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)的活性及其与重金属之间的相互作用进行了研究,以筛选出适用于重金属生物传感器研制的植物源POD和CAT.结果表明:南瓜皮中POD的活性最高,其次是白萝卜和黄豆芽(胚乳);黄豆芽(胚乳)中CAT活性最高,其次是小白菜、冬瓜皮和黄瓜皮等.不同植物中的POD和CAT的活性有差异,其对同一种重金属的敏感性也有不同程度的差异.南瓜皮是较理想的POD酶源;冬瓜皮、青椒、黄豆芽(胚乳)则是较佳的CAT酶源.在本试验条件下,Cu和Hg对POD活性具有抑制作用,Cu、Pb和Hg对CAT的活性也具有不同程度的抑制作用.结果表明,可以利用酶抑制法原理构建POD生物传感器以检测Cu和Hg,构建CAT生物传感器以检测Cu、Pb和Hg.     

基于聚铁氰酸钴/苝四甲酸二酐衍生物复合膜固定辣根过氧化物酶生物传感器的研究

采用循环伏安(CV)法在金电极表面电聚合一层铁氰酸钴(CoHCF),利用苝四甲酸二酐衍生物(PTC NH2)成膜能力强又带有许多氨基功能团的特点将其固定在CoHCF表面,再通过静电吸附和共价键合作用将纳米金和辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)的复合物制得过氧化氢生物传感器[HRP Au/PTC NH2/CoHCF/Au].考察了该传感器对过氧化氢的电化学特性,实验表明,该传感器具有良好的生物催化活性,响应电流与过氧化氢浓度在2.0×10-6～1.6×10-3 mol/L范围呈良好的线性关系,检出限为7.28×10-7 mol/L.     

传感器在致病菌检测上的应用

生物传感器因其具有灵敏、专一、微量、快速、准确、经济实用的特点,在工业、农业、环境监测及生物医学等领域的生物传感器相继得到开发。它是利用抗原或抗体检测相应的抗体或抗原的一种传感器技术。本文就生物传感器在细菌的应用进行综述性报道,并就其发展进行展望。     

便携式有机磷农药残留检测仪的设计

有机磷农药是我国现阶段使用量最大的农药,由农药残留及其污染物引起的农业环境及食品安全问题越来越受到人们的重视。为此,针对传统的检测仪器昂贵、操作较复杂、不便于携带的特点,设计了便携式有机磷农药残留检测系统。该系统采用电流型酶电极生物传感器来检测待测液中有机磷农药残留,所得电流经后续电流处理电路放大滤波后送入微处理器,最终以对应农药浓度值的形式显示出来,旨在作为传统有机磷农药残留检测方法的补充,用于田间现场检测。     

Amperometric Biosensor Approaches for Quantification of Indole 3-Acetic Acid in Plant Stress Responses

Amperometric biosensors are known to be sensitive, reliable, and inexpensive instruments for biomolecular detection. Recently, self-referencing amperometric biosensors have been utilized to quantify the endogenous apoplastic flux of plant hormone indole 3-acetic acid (IAA) in vivo. There is still a significant need for sampling and testing methods to measure IAA concentrations in whole tissue samples. In the present study we used nanomaterial-modified platinum microelectrodes for the detection of IAA extracted from whole plant tissues. The key to the use of the nanomaterials was to enhance the surface area and thus the limit of detection for IAA. The nanoscale electrochemical interface was modified by the application of a layer of platinum black, followed by silanization overnight and a coating of multiwalled carbon nanotubes. Electroanalytical characterization of sensor performance was evaluated using both IAA standards and IAA extracted from corn plant samples, using a three-electrode scheme (reference, sensing, and auxillary). We compared tissue concentrations in water- and salt-stressed corn seedlings and compared these results to values measured using established enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) protocols. We found that the values obtained from both methods were comparable. The data obtained from the IAA sensor suggested that the electroanalytical biosensor approach was slightly more reliable and sensitive. Our results demonstrate a novel nanomaterial biosensor approach for IAA quantification in plant tissue extracts. The results of the stress study clearly indicated that root and shoot elongation and growth had significant positive correlation with IAA content in the raw plant tissue extracts. Water and salt stress both reduced root and shoot growth, which may be due to overaccumulation of IAA, resulting in inhibition of elongation. In comparison to established methods, such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) or ELISA, our approach is simple and inexpensive. Unlike HPLC, our approach does not require any elaborate sample purification, nor does it require antibody development as needed for ELISA. In summary, this electroanalytical biosensor method can be effectively utilized for simple, cheap, and reliable detection of IAA extracted from plant samples.     

光学表面等离子共振生物传感检测系统检测雌二醇的研究

设计了一种基于光学表面等离子共振(Surface plasmon resonance,SPR)生物传感检测系统,该生物传感检测系统由集成光学SPR生物传感器、微流池、便捷更换芯片夹具、触摸屏、信号处理电路和USB接口板组成,将该系统用于检测环境刺激中的雌二醇.先在集成光学SPR生物传感器芯片的金膜表面固定雌二醇抗原,然后分别将质量浓度为25,50,100,200 mg·L-1的雌二醇抗原添加到标准质量浓度的样品中进行预反应,将反应后的溶液流过光学SPR生物传感器芯片表面,建立了雌二醇测定标准曲线,其相关系数为0.997 8.     

生物传感器在微生物毒素检测中的应用研究

对近年来生物传感器测定微生物毒素的研究进展进行了概括,主要包括在细菌毒素和真菌毒素检测中的应用,并对生物传感器的发展前景作了预测和展望。因生物传感器检测的专一性好、测量快速准确、设备简单,在市场上有极强的竞争力。     

磁致伸缩生物传感器尺寸对沙门氏菌检测灵敏度的影响

为了研究不同尺寸传感器的检测灵敏度,该文以磁致伸缩膜片为物理传感器,多克隆抗体为生物识别元件,采用Langmuir-Blodgett(LB)技术将多克隆抗体固定在磁致伸缩膜片表面,制备了用于检测沙门氏菌的磁致伸缩生物传感器。检测时,将不同尺寸的生物传感器浸在含有沙门氏菌的被测溶液里,由于生物传感器对沙门氏菌的吸附使传感器质量增加,从而使传感器共振频率发生改变。采用尺寸为2 mm×0.4 mm×15μm,5 mm×1 mm×15μm和25 mm×5 mm×15μm的传感器检测浓度为102~109 CFU/m L的沙门氏菌溶液,并利用扫描电子显微镜观察传感器表面。研究结果表明,由传感器共振频率变化计算获得的沙门氏菌浓度与扫描电子显微镜观察统计分析获得的直观浓度吻合得很好,两者最大相对差值小于10%。传感器尺寸越小,检测灵敏度越高。尺寸为2 mm×0.4 mm×15μm,5 mm×1 mm×15μm和25 mm×5 mm×15μm的检测极限分别为5×103 CFU/m L,105 CFU/m L和107 CFU/m L。研究结果可为磁致伸缩生物传感器实际应用时,根据预测的细菌浓度,在保证灵敏度的前提下选择合适尺寸的传感器提供参考。