犬脾脏转移因子的提取与鉴定

本试验用犬瘟热弱毒苗免疫的犬,提取了特异性犬脾转移因子。经理化性质测定,本品不含蛋白质,核糖含量为３０１．６ｕｇ／ｍＬ,含有１１种氨基酸。生物学特性测定表明,本品无菌、无热原、无毒性、无抗原性。兔注射特异性犬脾ＴＦ后,经酯酶染色法测定,Ｔ淋巴细胞比值由注射前的４０．４１％上升到注射后的６３．４５％。     

抗A型禽流感病毒核蛋白特异性单克隆抗体研究

禽流感（AI）是由A型禽流感病毒（AIV）引起的一种发生于禽类的病毒性传染病。笔者以杂交瘤技术研制抗AIV共同抗原的特异单克隆抗体,旨在建立一种双抗体夹心ELISA方法快速检测AIV,以便为A型AIV的快速诊断技术的研究提供理论依据。     

余甘子精粉的体外抗氧化活性分析

The antioxidant activities in vitro of refined powder of Phyllanthus emblica L. were detected by methods based on chemical measurement and cell modeling. The results of anti-peroxidation ability and iron reduction ability trials showed that the refined powder of P. emblica L. had strong ability of anti-peroxidation, and it increased with the increasing of concentration with a clear dose-response relationship. When the concentration reached 800 μg·mL^-1, the ability of anti-peroxidation was almost equal to the positive control VC with the same concentration. Meanwhile, it also had iron reduction ability that accompanied by significant dose-response relationship. By in vitro cell culture method, H₂O₂ was used to induce SH-SY5Y cells damages to establish the cell model of oxidative damage. The author detected the effect of different concentrations of powder on cell survival rate for the model cells by MTT assay. The results indicated that refined powder could show better protective effect to oxidative damaged SH-SY5Y cells in the range of 600 1 200 μg·mL^-1. When the concentration reached 1 200 μg·mL^-1, the cell survival rate was the highest and refined powder exhibited the best antioxidant activity. Both methods proved the strong antioxidant activities of refined powder of P. emblica L. in vitro.     

水稻着丝粒特异组蛋白CENH3抗体的制备与应用

【目的】着丝粒是真核生物染色体的基本功能元件之一,其功能是在细胞有丝分裂和减数分裂时期精确地调控染色体配对和分离并维持染色体的稳定。着丝粒结构是由DNA和蛋白质形成的一种复合体。着丝粒特异组蛋白(centromere-specific histone H3,CENH3)是功能着丝粒是否具有活性的最基本特征。所以制备CENH3的相关抗体是进行着丝粒结构与功能研究的前提条件之一。【方法】通过设计短肽进行兔免疫实验,制备了水稻着丝粒特异组蛋白CENH3兔源抗体,利用ELISA和蛋白免疫荧光(immunofluorescence,IF)等检测方法对抗体有效性进行了鉴定。【结果】ELISA检测显示制备的CENH3抗体有效稀释度为1:40万,并且蛋白免疫荧光信号在水稻体细胞每条染色体的着丝粒区域均能检测到。同时,该抗体也可以应用于玉米等其他物种。通过染色质免疫沉淀(ChIP)技术获得与CENH3相结合的DNA分子,并进行PCR扩增和FISH定位分析,结果显示相应的Ch IP-DNA位于水稻功能着丝粒区域。【结论】本研究制备的水稻CENH3兔源抗体能满足着丝粒研究中相关实验的要求,可进一步应用于着丝粒的结构与功能研究。     

弹齿滚筒式捡拾装置弹齿的静力学分析

针对弹齿滚筒式捡拾装置在工作过程中弹齿变形现象,对弹齿滚筒式捡拾装置弹齿进行静力学分析,以寻求解决的途径。通过对捡拾装置弹齿在3个工作阶段上的载荷进行分析后,获得各工作阶段弹齿的受力简图,通过比较判断出在捡拾升运阶段弹齿受力比较复杂。以9KJ-1.4A型压捆机捡拾装置为实例,经过计算在有随机载荷和无随机载荷时弹齿齿臂末端的应力情况,得出结论:在没有随机载荷的情况下,齿根处应力远小于其许用应力,弹齿产生弹性变形,有足够的强度;当有随机载荷时,对弹齿产生冲击,若随机载荷过大,垂直于弹齿轴向的分力大于24N,则弹齿会产生塑性变形。对捡拾装置进行静力分析,可为捡拾装置整体结构优化设计供理论依据。     

Inhibiting soil loss and runoff from small plots induced by an individual freeze-thaw cycle using three rangeland species

This study investigated the role of three rangeland species viz. Agropyron trichophorum, Medicago sativa, and Lolium prenne on mitigating of effects of a freeze-thaw (FT) cycle on runoff generation and soil loss from small experimental plots. Small plots (0.5 × 0.5m) were prepared in three replicates for control (i.e., under a FT cycle only) and treatments (i.e., individually planted with the study species and subject to a FT cycle). The treated plots were then placed at a slope of 20% and subjected to simulated rainfall with intensity of 70 mm h⁻¹ and 30 min duration. The results of the study showed a significant effect (P < 0.05) of the plants on controlling runoff and soil loss after a FT cycle. Also, the detrimental effects of the FT cycle due to performance of ice lenses and formation of an active melting layer in the soil surface were ameliorated by the presence of litter on the soil and root-binding effect of the plants. Time to runoff increased by 54, 111 and 10%, runoff volume decreased by 27, 68 and 0.4% and soil loss changed by −34, −62, and +6.5% in the plots planted with A. trichophorum, L. prenne and M. sativa, respectively. The results of the current study indicated that L. prenne had the maximum benefit on reducing runoff and soil loss from the plots undergoing a FT cycle.     

Continuous Spectrophotometric Assay and Properties of Ascorbic Acid Oxidising Factors in Wheat

A continuous spectrophotometric assay was developed to measure ascorbic acid oxidation in crude Na₂SO₄ extracts of flour. The rate of ascorbic acid oxidation in flour extracts measured using this method was similar to the rate in flour-water suspensions and 2–4 fold less than the rate in dough measured using an indophenol-xylene extraction method. Flour extracts appeared to contain two ascorbic acid oxidising factors; one with optimal activity at pH 6·3 and 30 °C and the other with optimal activity at pH 10 and 40 °C. The pH 6·3 factor had properties similar to those of ascorbate oxidase (EC 1·10·3·3) in its pH and temperature stability, strong inhibition by NaN₃, KCN and diethyldithiocarbamate, inactivation by proteases, and greater stereospecificity towards -ascorbic acid than -isoascorbic acid. The pH 6·3 factor was most concentrated in the pollard milling fraction of wheat and was lowest in flour. The pH 10 factor had several properties indicating non-enzymic oxidation of ascorbic acid; it was not inactivated by proteases, it was inhibited poorly or not at all by the above ascorbate oxidase inhibitors, and it had low specificity for stereoisomers of ascorbic acid.     

心肌型脂肪酸结合蛋白的纯化及亲和配体的研究

利用盐析、G-75凝胶过滤层析和DEAE-葡聚糖纤维素离子交换层析技术,从牛心中分离出心肌型脂肪酸结合蛋白,经SDS-PAGE鉴定与免疫印迹(Western blot)分析,获得了纯品H-FABP。采用噬菌体随机展示七肽库,以H-FABP为靶标,对其亲和配体进行筛选,结果获得了与H-FABP有特异性亲和作用的配体序列,为其临床检测急性心肌梗塞新方法的建立奠定了基础。     

昆虫抗真菌肽基因的分泌型表达及活性鉴定

 【目的】黑腹果蝇(Drosophila melanogaster)抗真菌肽Drosomycin (Drs)及其同系物Drosomycin-like C (Drs-lC)和斑腹刺螠蝽(Podisus maculiverntris)抗真菌肽Thanatin对丝状真菌具有广谱高效的抑杀作用。实现抗真菌肽基因在酵母中的高效分泌型表达，对探讨利用转基因酵母的发酵液直接进行果蔬、食品和农产品防腐保鲜的生物技术研发有重要意义。【方法】将Drosomycin基因（Drs）及其同系物基因Drs-lC和Thanatin基因分别与酵母分泌型表达载体pPICZαA重组，构建成重组表达质粒pPICZαA-Drs、pPICZαA-Drs-lC和pPICZαA–Thanatin。利用电转化将重组质粒转化毕赤酵母GS115，经表型筛选和PCR鉴定获得的重组毕赤酵母转化子，在甲醇诱导下进行抗真菌肽的分泌表达。【结果】3种抗真菌肽基因的酵母表达产物对6个供试真菌中的5个有明显的抑制作用，Thanatin同时对供试细菌有抗菌活性。【结论】Drs、Drs-lC和Thanatin抗真菌肽基因成功地转化毕赤酵母，并实现其分泌型表达。     

抗犬瘟热病毒荧光标记单抗的制备和初步鉴定

1材料与方法 1．1材料 1．1．1病毒与细胞。犬瘟热病毒（CDV）、狂犬病毒（RV）、犬细小病毒（CPV）、犬副流感病毒（CPIV）、犬腺病毒（CAV）,非洲绿猴肾细胞（Vero）、犬肾细胞（MDCK）、猫肾细胞（F81）,犬瘟热病毒单克隆抗体CE3由军事医学科学院军事兽医研究所犬病研究中心提供。