Comparison of bupivacaine femoral and sciatic nerve block versus bupivacaine and morphine epidural for stifle surgery in dogs

ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy of combined femoral and sciatic nerve blocks as an alternative to epidural anesthesia and analgesia in dogs undergoing stifle surgery under general anesthesia.Study designProspective, blinded, randomized, clinical comparison.AnimalsTwenty dogs weighing 37 ± 11 (mean ± SD) kg, aged 3 (1–8) [median (minimum–maximum)] years undergoing elective unilateral tibial-plateau leveling osteotomy.MethodsDogs were assigned randomly to receive either epidural anesthesia (bupivacaine 0.5%, 0.5 mg kg^?1 + morphine 0.1%, 0.1 mg kg^?1, in 0.2 mL kg^?1; EPID) or femoral and sciatic nerve blocks (Bupivacaine 0.5%, 0.1 mL kg^?1, was administered at each site; F + S) guided by electrolocation. All patients received a standard general anesthesia technique. Pain and sedation were scored (on scales of 0–10 and 0–3, respectively) pre-operatively, at extubation, and at 1, 4 and then every 4 hours thereafter up to 24 hours. Postoperatively, hydromorphone was administered to any patient with a pain score of >5 or whenever the blinded caregiver determined that more hydromorphone was necessary. Intraoperative heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), end tidal isoflurane (FE′ISO), body temperature, post-operative pain scores, time to first hydromorphone dose after surgery, time to first feeding, time to first drinking, time to first urination, time to first ambulation (walk on a lead) and cumulative dose of hydromorphone were recorded.ResultsIntra-operatively, FE′ISO and MAP were significantly lower in the EPID group (p = 0.05 and p = 0.04, respectively). Postoperatively, the cumulative hydromorphone consumption (p = 0.04) and the incidence of urinary retention (p = 0.03) were higher in the EPID group.Conclusion and clinical relevance F + S is a practical alternative to EPID that produces less urine retention and reduces opioid consumption in the 24 hours after surgery. EPID might be associated with a lower isoflurane requirement and lower systemic blood pressure.     

Assessment of enzyme linked immunosorbent assay based diagnostic kits (Toxokit-G and Toxokit-M) for the detection of IgG and IgM antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii in human serum

An enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using penicillinase was developed in the form of diagnostic kits (Toxokit-G and Toxokit-M) for the detection of IgG and IgM antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii. The performance of both the kits was compared with commercially available diagnostic kits, i.e. Enzygnost-Toxoplasmosis/IgG (Behring Co., Germany), TOXOTEK-G (Flow Lab., U.K.) and Toxoplasma IgM Microassay (Diamedix Corp., U.S.A.) by testing toxoplasma-suspected human serum samples. The results indicate a good reliability between these diagnostic kits. Toxokit-G has 86.66 and 96.05% sensitivity and specificity respectively. The main advantage of Toxokit-G is that the end result can be assessed visually without using sophisticated instruments. Toxokit-M has 100% sensitivity and specificity and test results were not affected by the presence of antitoxoplasma IgG antibodies, rheumatoid factor or antinuclear antibodies.     

《青海畜牧兽医杂志》（1992—1998）论文及作者统计分析

用文献计量方法对《青海畜牧兽医杂志》国内外公开发行后７年间所刊载的论文及其作者进行了统计分析与探讨。主要项目有：论文数量及年度分布、论文学科内容分布、论文地域分布、论文机构分布、单位平均产文量、论文合著率、作者数量及地区分布、作者系统及单位分布、作者个人发文量、作者及单位合作度等。另外还确定出《杂志》１９９２～１９９８年的核心作者和核心单位。     

水貂Mustla Vison微量血DNA的提取与纯化

作者通过采取活体水貂少量血液 ( 5 0 μL) ,利用蛋白酶K消化 ,酚、氯仿法抽取DNA ,结果测量获得的数据和曲线表明 :用 5 0～ 5 0 0 μL冻存血可以获得具有一定纯度和数量的DNA ,完全可以满足RAPD分析的PCR反应所需     

山羊亚硝酸盐中毒口液,尿液,棉签偶氮显色快速诊断方法的研究

建立山羊亚硝酸盐中毒模型,用棉签分别蘸取口液、尿液立即滴加偶氮试剂均显粉红色,中毒后１０～２０ｍｉｎ显浅粉红色;６０ｍｉｎ显深粉红色,随中毒症状加重,棉签显色相应加深,甚致变为棕红色。同时棉签显色加深和血液褐变程度加重与ＭＨｂ／Ｈｂ比值升高同步。此种诊断方法是诊断亚硝酸盐中毒的动物可靠、灵敏和快速的诊断方法。     

乳牛口服过量维生素A对维生素D3及钙磷代谢的影响

从北京郊区某农场选取１０头健康成年黑白花乳牛，随机分为试验（５头，每周每头口服维生素Ａ１００万单位）和对照（５头，不作任何处理）两组。８周以后检测发现，试验组血清钙和无机磷水平呈下降趋势；尾椎骨皮质变薄，密度下降，呈现骨质吸收现象；血清碱性磷酸酶显著下降（Ｐ＜０．０５）；其活性代谢产物２５－羟维生素Ｄ３（２５－ＯＨ－Ｄ３）极显著下降（Ｐ＜０．０１）；１，２５－二羟维生素Ｄ３［１，２５－（ＯＨ）２－     

大学生创新创业与饲料资源开发利用问题研究

近年来,随着畜牧业和养殖业的迅猛发展,饲料行业的生产和销售规模逐步扩大,饲料资源的需求量也随之增加,目前现有的饲料资源已无法全面满足市场需求.为了改善这种局面,必须进一步加大力度开发饲料资源,解决现有资源不足问题,提高资源利用效率,推动饲料行业实现可持续发展.而大学生开展创新创业能充分发挥其创造性思维,运用个人掌握的理...     

甘州区畜牧业经济发展的现状调查分析及建议

甘州区是典型的农业城市,地势平坦,土壤肥沃,自然条件优越,农副产品资源丰富,为畜牧业的发展提供了优越的条件.本文通过调查甘州区猪、牛、羊、鸡等活畜及其产品的市场行情和养殖现状,阐述了畜牧业发展的基本情况,分析了市场交易中的价格浮动,对我区的经济影响,并就当前发展形势提出了自己的几点建议.     

成年大鼠睾丸去精索上神经对睾丸功能及肾上腺素能受体表达的影响

试验旨在研究精索上神经（superior spermatic nerve,SSN）对睾丸功能的影响,25只成年Wistar大鼠随机分为2组,试验组左右睾丸切除精索上神经,手术30 d后两组大鼠同时处死取样分析。结果显示,睾丸去精索上神经不影响睾丸指数的大小但使附睾尾精子数极显著降低（P＜0.01）,平均日增重显著增加（P＜0.05）。增殖细胞核抗原（PCNA）免疫组织化学染色结果显示,睾丸去精索上神经不影响曲细精管精原细胞和初级精母细胞的增殖,但影响曲细精管的形态和生殖细胞的规则排列。RT-PCR结果显示,睾丸去精索上神经明显上调β1AR mRNA的表达,下调β2AR mRNA的表达;另外切除精索上神经不影响睾丸3β-羟胆固醇脱氢酶（3β-HSD）mRNA表达,但显著抑制类固醇快速调节蛋白（StAR）、胆固醇侧链裂解酶（P450scc）mRNA表达（P＜0.05）。结果表明,支配睾丸的精索上神经通过调节肾上腺素能受体β1AR和β2AR的表达及StAR和P450scc影响睾丸睾酮的合成和精子的发生。