舞毒蛾性信息素诱捕器应用技术研究

通过对舞毒蛾性信息素诱捕器应用技术研究表明:三角型粘胶板诱捕器、奶盒型诱捕器和圆筒型诱捕器对舞毒蛾的诱捕效果不同,三角型粘胶板诱捕器的诱虫效果最好,圆筒型诱捕器次之;诱捕器设置高度对诱捕效果有明显的影响,设置高度为5.5 m的诱捕器诱捕作用最强,3.5 m次之,1.5 m最差;雄蛾对人工合成信息素的昼夜反应节律发生在白天,从8∶00持续到22∶00,反应高峰在14∶00,反应模式为"单峰式-白天型"。     

美国白蛾性信息素在园林上的应用

利用美国白蛾性信息素诱捕美国白蛾可有效监测成虫发生期 ,调查成虫虫口密度 ,为防治下一代白蛾提供准确的防治时间。文章介绍了该诱捕器的使用方法     

性信息素诱捕器对槐小卷蛾雄蛾诱捕效果的影响

研究了性信息素诱捕器的颜色、形状、粘胶面积以及在树冠内放置的位置对槐小卷蛾Cydia trasias (Mayrick)雄蛾诱捕效果的影响。结果表明，白、绿和黄3种颜色的诱捕器的诱捕效果明显优于蓝颜色的诱捕效果；三角形诱捕器诱捕雄蛾的效果明显优于双层圆盘形和双层船形的诱捕效果；粘胶面积为500．0cm^2的三角形诱捕器的诱捕效果明显优于250．0cm^2和166．7cm^2的诱捕效果；悬挂于树冠中上部的诱捕器的诱捕效果明显优于悬挂于树冠中部及中下部的诱捕效果。在槐小卷蛾性信息素监测与防治系统中，悬挂在树冠中上部、粘胶面积为500.0^2的白颜色的三角形诱捕器的诱蛾效果最佳。     

卫矛矢尖蚧空间分布型的研究

本文应用8个聚集性指标测算了卫矛矢尖蚧越冬代成虫及1龄若虫的空间分布型。结果表明,成虫及若虫在大叶黄杨上的空间分布均为聚集型,分布的基本成分为个体群。对1龄若虫活动期在时间序列过程中空间分布型变化的分析表明,1龄若虫出现盛期聚集度相对较低,为其种群向更大空间扩展时期;在密度极低时为均匀分布。     

Development of a pheromone trap monitoring system for orange wheat blossom midge, Sitodiplosis mosellana, in the UK

Field-trapping experiments with synthetic 2,7-nonadiyl dibutyrate, the female-produced sex pheromone of the orange wheat blossom midge, Sitodiplosis mosellana (Géhin), demonstrated that pheromone traps were highly attractive to males and caught very few non-target organisms. Different formulations of pheromone were tested to identify the optimum release rate and dispenser type for use in pheromone traps in the UK. Key findings were that racemic pheromone was as effective as enantiomerically pure (2S,7R)-2,7-nonadiyl dibutyrate, that release rates higher than 0.5 microg day(-1) were not necessary and that the optimal formulation was a 1 mg pheromone loading in a rubber septum. Pheromone traps gave a reliable indication of peak midge emergence, onset of flight and abundance of midges throughout the season. A strong correlation between maximum trap catch and crop infestation levels was obtained.     

紫红笛鲷人工繁殖及育苗技术研究报告

利用海水土池或网箱养殖三龄以上的紫红笛鲷成鱼,于催产前三个月进行强化培育。在水温达到 20.0℃以上的春、夏季,用绒毛膜促性腺激素(HCG)和释放激素(LRH-A_(2-3))进行催产,混合或单一使用,剂量视亲鱼性腺成熟度而定。受精卵在盐度27.9-33.5,水温26.5-30.5℃,pH8.2的水环境中经15-17h孵化。开口仔鱼在土池水温27.2-35.5℃.盐度:23.5-35.6.pH8.0-9.5的条件下,经28-30d培育.鱼体全长为2.5-3.2cm,仔鱼变态完全,成为幼鱼。     

闽北天然闽粤栲种群空间分布格局研究

在闽粤栲样地调查数据的基础上,运用方差均值比（C）、丛生指数（I）、扩散指数（Ib）、Cassie指数（Ca）、平均拥挤度与平均密度的比值（M·／x）和1wao回归方程对天然闽粤栲种群的空间分布格局进行分析．结果表明：闽粤栲的空间分布格局呈聚集分布,并且随着取样面积的减少,其聚集强度逐渐增强．     

Comparative study on thermal denaturation modes of myosin in walleye pollack and carp myofibrils as affected by salt concentration

ABSTRACT:   The effect of salt concentration on the thermal denaturation profile of myosin in walleye pollack and carp myofibrils was compared by studying the subfragment-1 (S-1) and rod denaturation rates upon heating. Species-specific denaturation mode observed at 0.1 M KCl was no longer detected when samples were heated above 0.5 M KCl, where S-1 and rod denaturation rates were identical to each other. As the heating of the chymotryptic digest of myofibril formed practically no rod aggregates, S-1 denaturation in a form of myosin was the rate limiting step for rod aggregate formation. As the aggregate formation by rod was remarkably suppressed by lowering the temperature, the free movement of myosin tail upon heating was suggested to play an important role in the rod aggregate formation in a high salt medium.     

Impact analysis of climate data aggregation at different spatial scales on simulated net primary productivity for croplands

For spatial crop and agro-systems modelling, there is often a discrepancy between the scale of measured driving data and the target resolution. Spatial data aggregation is often necessary, which can introduce additional uncertainty into the simulation results. Previous studies have shown that climate data aggregation has little effect on simulation of phenological stages, but effects on net primary production (NPP) might still be expected through changing the length of the growing season and the period of grain filling. This study investigates the impact of spatial climate data aggregation on NPP simulation results, applying eleven different models for the same study region (∼34,000 km²), situated in Western Germany. To isolate effects of climate, soil data and management were assumed to be constant over the entire study area and over the entire study period of 29 years. Two crops, winter wheat and silage maize, were tested as monocultures. Compared to the impact of climate data aggregation on yield, the effect on NPP is in a similar range, but is slightly lower, with only small impacts on averages over the entire simulation period and study region. Maximum differences between the five scales in the range of 1–100 km grid cells show changes of 0.4–7.8% and 0.0–4.8% for wheat and maize, respectively, whereas the simulated potential NPP averages of the models show a wide range (1.9–4.2 g C m⁻² d⁻¹ and 2.7–6.1 g C m⁻² d⁻¹ for wheat and maize, respectively). The impact of the spatial aggregation was also tested for shorter time periods, to see if impacts over shorter periods attenuate over longer periods. The results show larger impacts for single years (up to 9.4% for wheat and up to 13.6% for maize). An analysis of extreme weather conditions shows an aggregation effect in vulnerability up to 12.8% and 15.5% between the different resolutions for wheat and maize, respectively. Simulations of NPP averages over larger areas (e.g. regional scale) and longer time periods (several years) are relatively insensitive to climate data aggregation. However, the scale of climate data is more relevant for impacts on annual averages of NPP or if the period is strongly affected or dominated by drought stress. There should be an awareness of the greater uncertainty for the NPP values in these situations if data are not available at high resolution. On the other hand, the results suggest that there is no need to simulate at high resolution for long term regional NPP averages based on the simplified assumptions (soil and management constant in time and space) used in this study.