Uterine Activity after Induction of Hypocalcaemia in the Ovariectomized Camel (Camelus Dromedarius)

Al-Eknah, M.M., Homeida, A.M., Dafalla, E.A., Galil, A.K.A. and Al-Tahir, A.Y., 1997. Uterine activity after induction of hypocalcaemia in the ovariectomized camel (Camelus dromedarius). Veterinary Research Communications, 21 (1), 45-50.Bilateral ovariectomy was performed in three parous, non-pregnant camels. Intrauterine and intra-abdominal pressure changes were recorded using balloon-tipped catheters. Uterine contractions were induced and maintained in the ovariectomized camels by daily intramuscular injections of 5 mg oestradiol benzoate throughout the experimental period. The frequency of uterine contractions varied from 6 to 9 per minute, whereas the amplitude varied from 2 to 3 kPa in all the animals. Inducing hypocalcaemia to a level of 0.5 mmol/L by Na2EDTA reduced the amplitude of the contractions to below 1 kPa (p<0.001). The frequency of the contractions was not affected.     

不同桑树品种在土壤水分胁迫下膜伤害和保护酶活性变化

以北方蚕区现行主要桑树品种选792、沙2、新一之舽、陕305、湖桑32号、农桑14号的1年生绿枝扦插苗为实验材料,研究了水分胁迫对不同桑树品种的膜伤害和保护酶活性的影响。在水分胁迫下,细胞膜受到伤害,细胞膜透性增加,电导率随之增强,作为膜脂过氧化产物的丙二醛(MDA)含量增加,各品种细胞膜受到的伤害度有差异。保护酶SOD、POD、CAT活性都表现出先升后降的变化趋势,但变化规律又有所不同。推测各品种抗旱性存在较大差异,6个供试桑品种抗旱能力从大到小依次为选792>陕305>农桑14号>湖桑32号>新一之舽>沙2。     

紫玉米花青苷的研究进展

紫玉米花青苷作为天然食用色素不仅安全无毒,而且具有一定的生物活性。敬璞就在美国对花青苷的多年研究积累,并结合国外其他学者的研究工作,对紫玉米花青苷进行了综述,主要包括:紫玉米花青苷含量和分子结构;紫玉米花青苷的生物活性、构效关系、结构修饰、加工方法对其活性的影响;紫玉米花青苷的提取及综合利用;同时,提出该研究方向的发展趋势,以供参考。     

苇状羊茅盐胁迫下生理效应的研究

应用砂培试验对苇状羊茅盐胁迫下的生理效应进行了研究,通过对苇状羊茅盐胁迫下的相对鲜重,相对干重,根冠比,脯氨酸含量,叶绿素含量及根系活力进行测定,表明,低浓度的盐处理下,苇状羊茅生长未表现出受不利因素影响,但此时羊茅已对外界高渗溶液做出生理反应,叶片中脯氨酸含量成倍增加;随着盐胭控浓度的增大,羊茅相对鲜重,相对干重,根系活力均降低２,生长和生理上都表现出盐害效应同时叶片中脯氨酸和叶绿素含量增加,反     

低能量氦氖激光照射对荷瘤小鼠NK细胞活性的影响

研究低能量氦氖激光照射荷瘤小鼠对ＮＫ细胞活性的影响。选取ＢＡＬＢ／Ｃ雄性小鼠腹腔接种Ｓ１８０,接种后进行激光照射小鼠内眼角,监测了正确对照组,肿瘤对照组和７．３３、１１．００、１４．６７、２２．００、２９．３３Ｊ／ｃｍ＾２五个激光照射线能明显提高荷瘤小鼠ＮＫ细胞活性;７．３３、２９．３３Ｊ／ｃｍ＾２照射组则长高不明显。     

Improvement of the emulsifying properties of porcine sarcoplasmic proteins with a low-molecular weight surfactant by the two-step emulsification method

The emulsifying properties of porcine sarcoplasmic protein (SP) with or without low-molecular weight surfactants were examined. The emulsifying activity (EA) of SP was weaker than that of sodium caseinate (CA), blood plasma (BP) and whey protein isolates at a protein concentration of 0.5–3%. Sodium chloride decreased the EA of SP. The EA of SP was about one quarter that of CA in the presence of 3% sodium chloride. As homogenization time increased, the EAs of SP and BP decreased. The EA of SP was not influenced by sucrose stearate ester (SE) with a hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) value of 16 (SE-16) but was decreased by those with HLB values of 5 and 1. Low-molecular weight surfactants such as SE-16, Tween 80 and sodium cholate improved the EA of SP with the two-step emulsification method: corn oil was previously emulsified with the surfactant before addition of SP and homogenization. In the case of the addition of SE-16 as primary emulsifier, the EA was about twice as high as that of SP alone. The same effect was shown in the emulsions formed by CA and soy protein isolate. These results indicate that the emulsifying properties of meat protein would be improved by the addition of a low-molecular weight surfactant in a two-step emulsification.     

不同多酚处理对荔枝果肉抗氧化能力的影响

本研究以海南‘妃子笑’荔枝为试验材料,采用原花青素(PA)、p-香豆酸(p-CA)、茶多酚(TPP)、苹果多酚(APP)和绿原酸(CHA)这五种多酚类物质浸泡荔枝果实,探究不同多酚处理对荔枝果肉总酚、总黄酮、维生素C等抗氧化物质含量以及抗氧化活性的影响。结果表明：与对照相比,不同多酚处理均可有效维持荔枝果肉较高的总酚、总黄酮和维生素C含量以及抗氧化活性,且PA处理的效果显著好于其它酚类处理,说明多酚处理有助于保持荔枝较高的抗氧化物质含量和抗氧化活性,从而维持果肉较高的营养品质。进一步对实验数据进行相关性分析、主成分分析及抗氧化活性评分,结果表明不同多酚处理均可有效维持荔枝果肉较高的抗氧化能力,其保持效果依次为PA,CHA,APP,TPP和p-CA处理,且均明显优于对照组。     

Effects of different sources of carbohydrates on intake,digestibility, chewing,and performance of Holstein dairy cows

To investigate the effects of different sources of carbohydrates on intake, digestibility, chewing, and performance, nine lactating Holstein dairy cows (day in milk= 100±21 d; body weight=645.7 ± 26.5 kg) were allotted to a 3 × 3 Latin square design at three 23-d periods. The three treatments included 34.91% (B), 18.87% (BC), and 18.86% (BB) barley that in treatment B was partially replaced with only corn or corn plus beet pulp in treatments BC and BB, respectively. The concentration of starch and neutral detergent soluble carbohydrate varied (22.2, 20.2, and 14.5; 13.6, 15.9, and 20.1% of DM in treatments B, BC, and BB, respectively). Cows in treatment BB showed a higher DMI and improved digestibility of DM, NDF, and EE compared with treatments B or BC. Ruminal pH was higher in cows fed on BB (6.83) compared with those that received B or BC treatments (6.62 and 6.73, respectively). A lower proportion of propionate accompanied the higher pH in the BB group; however, a greater proportion of acetate and acetate: propionate ratio was observed compared with cows fed either on the B or BC diet. Moreover, cows fed on the BB diet showed the lowest ruminal passage rate and longest ruminal and total retention time. Eating time did not differ among treatments, rumination time was greater among cows fed on the BB diet compared with the others, whereas total chewing activity was greater than those fed on BC, but similar to those fed on B. The treatments showed no effect on milk yield. Partially replacing barley with corn or beet pulp resulted in an increase in milk fat and a lower protein concentration. Changing dietary NFC with that of a different degradability thus altered intake, chewing activity, ruminal environment, retention time or passage rate, and lactation performance. The results of this study showed that beet pulp with a higher NDF and a detergent-soluble carbohydrate or pectin established a more consistent ruminal mat than barley and corn, thus resulting in higher mean retention time and chewing activity, whereas no changes in 3.5% FCM and milk fat were observed.     

中药复方多糖提取方法优化及对家禽主要致病菌的体外抑菌作用

本文采用正交设计方法,对中药复方多糖的提取工艺进行了优化,并应用打孔灌注法、试管二倍稀释法研究中药复方多糖对家禽主要致病菌的抑菌作用及最低抑菌浓度.结果显示,中药复方多糖的最佳提取工艺为:料液比1∶30,浸提时间4h,提取次数2次;中药复方多糖对4种细菌均有一定的抑菌效果,其中对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌作用最强,抑菌圈达(33.50±0.175)mm,对沙门菌、大肠杆菌、链球菌的抑菌圈分别为(20.00±0.200) mm、(27.23±0.132) mm、(8.45±0.141)mm;抑菌浓度分别为大肠杆菌125 g/L、金黄色葡萄球菌63 g/L、链球菌250 g/L、沙门菌125g/L.试验表明,中药复方多糖对家禽主要致病菌有较好的抑菌效果,可用于细菌病的防治.