牛体外受精胚的发育速度和染色体研究

利用不同个体的牛冷冻精液对屠宰场废弃牛卵巢内卵母细胞进行体外受精,对体外受精胚胎的发育速度和染色体的异常发生进行了研究。结果显示,冷冻精液A组体外受精48h后的卵裂率显著高于冷冻精液B组(P<0.05),2组之间的囊胚形成率差异显著(P<0.05);冷冻精液A体外受精后的胚胎发育速度显著快于冷冻精液B组(P<0.05);染色体分析结果表明,2组胚胎染色体异常发生率无显著差异,异常胚胎均表现为多倍体的发生率较高。     

RADIOLOGIC ABNORMALITIES OF THE APPENDICULAR SKELETON OF THE LION (PANTHERA LEO): INCIDENTAL FINDINGS AND MYCOBACTERIUM BOVIS-INDUCED CHANGES

Thoracic and pelvic limbs from 15 euthanized free-ranging lions (Panthera leo), ranging in age from 16 to 144 months, underwent standard radiographic evaluation. All lions had tested positive for Mycobacterium bovis by means of a modified intradermal tuberculn test. The radiographs of six lions were normal and nine had incidental findings of which six had more than one lesion. Seven lions had lesions suspected to be associated with tuberculosis, which was confirmed in specific joints in two lions. Incidental pathology was classified as traumatic injuries and degenerative or trauma-associated joint disease. The traumatic lesions were fractures of which the most remarkable was a femur malunion. Four lions had fibula and another three lions had metacarpal/tarsal and phalangeal fractures. Joint lesions included glenoid, humeral head, and accessory carpal bone osteophytes. There was evidence of a cranial cruciate ligament rupture in an 8-year-old male. Trauma induced joint lesions were seen in four stifles (fragmented or displaced sesamoid bones, fragmented meniscal ossicle, or mineralized fragments). Radiological abnormalities believed to be caused by M. bovis were present in one stifle, one radiocarpal three tibiotarsal, and one tarsometatarsal joints. These had evidence of septic arthritis with extensive bone formation and capsular mineralization. In one 20-month-old lion, changes typical of a bone abscess were found in a proximal tibia. Radiologic evidence of elbow hygromas were seen in three elbows, all believed to be caused by M. bovis. Lions appeared to cope fairly well with a variety of traumatic injuries and were also susceptible to some of the aging/incidental radiologic findings seen in dogs and cats. The suspected M. bovis osseous lesions were more likely to involve the joints, particularly the tarsal joint and were mainly proliferative.     

Treatment of acute adrenal insufficiency

Hypoadrenocorticism is caused by a lack of endogenous glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid. These deficiencies can cause a myriad of clinical signs. This disease is uncommon and its clinical presentation is similar to many much more commonly recognized diseases such as renal failure and various gastrointestinal disorders. Severely affected patients may present in a life-threatening adrenocortical crisis, which is characterized by variable degrees of volume depletion and electrolyte abnormalities. The emergency clinician should maintain a high clinical suspicion for hypoadrenocorticism, as early recognition and rapid treatment of hypovolemia and electrolyte abnormalities can be lifesaving. The approach to emergency treatment of hypoadrenocorticism should be to recognize and treat life-threatening arrhythmias, replace intravascular volume and normalize perfusion, correct electrolyte abnormalities and hypoglycemia, administer glucocorticoids, and perform the adrenocorticotrophic hormone stimulation test for definitive diagnosis. Patients with this condition should have a favorable outcome when treated appropriately.     

鹅禽副粘病毒病的病理学研究

用分离到的鹅禽副粘病毒（ＧＰＭＶ）毒株,进行人工发病实验,证实该毒株对１、１４、２８、４８日龄的鹅都有较强的致病力,但其致死率随年龄增大而下降;通过不同感染途径对２８日龄鹅的发病实验,表明点眼、滴鼻、口服、肌注、皮下注射都可造成鹅感染病和死亡,但口服途径致死率最高,滴鼻最低。该病毒主要引起鹅的败血病变化及神经组织的变化,电镜下,可见脑组织细胞受损的超微结构变化。     

环境雌激素的雄性生殖毒性作用及机制

大量资料表明,在人类生产和生活过程中所产生的多种能模拟或颉颃体内天然激素生理作用的外源化合物会被释放到环境中,并在环境中持久存在;还会通过直接或间接的方式在动物体内蓄积、富集,与体内激素受体结合,具有模拟和干扰动物及人类内分泌功能物质的作用,从而引起人类及多种生物的神经系统失调、内分泌紊乱、免疫能力下降和生殖异常;还具有发育毒性、胚胎毒性以及致畸、致癌及引发肿瘤和免疫抑制疾病作用,这类化合物统称为"内分泌干扰物".由于内分泌干扰物是由外部环境进入机体,并产生类似内激素的作用,干扰机体内分泌系统,影响生物的生存和繁衍,也称为"环境雌激素".对环境雌激素雄性生殖毒性的作用机制进行了综述.     

Clinical and genetic aspects of X-linked ectodermal dysplasia in the dog -- a review including three new spontaneous cases

This review presents the clinical, dermato-histopathological and genetic features of canine X-linked ectodermal dysplasia in previously reported cases and in three new spontaneous cases. The condition is compared with anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia in humans and, based on current genetic concepts, we suggest that the two conditions are caused by the same gene and, consequently, represent a single pathological entity that affects both humans and dogs.     

Treatment of a dog with severe baclofen intoxication using hemodialysis and mechanical ventilation

Objective: This case report describes the successful management of a dog with coma and respiratory depression due to severe baclofen intoxication. Case summary: A Doberman Pinscher mixed breed dog ingested 500 mg (20 mg/kg) of baclofen. Signs of severe intoxication included coma and profound respiratory muscle weakness. The dog was supported with positive pressure ventilation and treated with one session of hemodialysis. Weaning from the ventilator was achieved within 4 hours of hemodialysis, and recovery from coma occurred over the following 12–36 hours. The dog regained full neurologic function and was normal at discharge following 3 days of hospitalization. New or unique information provide: Severe central nervous system depression and respiratory depression due to baclofen intoxication can be life threatening. In addition to other supportive care, hemodialysis may hasten recovery and ventilatory support may be essential to achieve a positive outcome. With successful treatment, toxicity can be decreased and the associated life‐threatening central nervous system and ventilatory depression can resolve. Prognosis for return of normal function is excellent.     

Clinical,echocardiographic and advanced imaging characteristics of 13 dogs with systemic-to-pulmonary arteriovenous fistulas

Objectives

The objective is to describe the clinical, radiographic, echocardiographic and angiographic findings in dogs with systemic-to-pulmonary arteriovenous fistula (SPAVF).