旋转式分插机构动力学试验台的研制

分插机构是插秧机的核心工作部件,其性能决定插秧机插秧质量、工作可靠性和栽插秧频率,也是插秧机作业时重要的振动源。为此,通过对分插机构的动力学分析,得出需测试的动力学参数,设计出具有测试分插机构运动学和动力学参数的试验台,并对试验台的通用性和测量电路进行了阐述。     

基于小型电磁振动式小麦播种机的UG仿真

针对传统小型小麦播种机的缺点,设计了一种小型电磁振动式小麦播种机。该播种机具有播种质量高、速度快、安全系数大、播种成本低、适应不同田间要求,以及能有效减少能耗等特点。该机田间作业时,可以将开沟、播种、平土一次完成,大大简化了小麦播种时的生产流程,有利于进一步提高播种效率,解放生产力。为此,介绍了小型电磁振动式小麦播种机的整体构造和工作原理,并运用三维软件UG进行运动学分析,真实再现了小型电磁振动式小麦播种机新型开沟器的工作状况。结果表明:小型电磁振动式小麦播种机新型开沟器能够满足工作需求。经过进一步地改进和研究,此机将在播种小麦方面有较大的发展前景,同时对各种开沟器的研制也具有启迪作用。     

Water Relation, Photosynthetic Ability and Growth of Thai Jasmine Rice (Oryza sativa L. ssp. indica cv. KDML 105) to Salt Stress by Application of Exogenous Glycinebetaine and Choline

Rice reportedly possesses a very low capacity to accumulate glycinebetaine (Glybet), but may be accumulated by the exogenous application of Glybet or Choline (Cho) as an alternative way to improve its salt‐tolerant ability. The aim of this research was to determine whether Glybet accumulation could be induced in Thai jasmine rice by the exogenous application of Glybet and Cho, and to determine the effects of Glybet and Cho treatment on various growth parameters of seedlings cultured under salt‐stress conditions. Thai jasmine rice seeds were aseptically germinated in vitro on solidified Murashige–Skoog media, supplied with either Glybet or Cho in the culture media for 12 days and then treated with 342 mm NaCl (salt stress) for 4 days. GlyBet content, water relation, photosynthetic capabilities and growth characteristics of salt‐stressed seedlings were measured. The addition of Glybet or Cho to plant culture media containing 342 mm NaCl resulted in increased accumulation of Glybet in rice seedlings. Increased Glybet accumulation was strongly associated with a high efficiency of water usage (r = 0.96), which in turn correlated with increased maximum quantum yield of PSII (F_v/F_m) (r = 0.86). Moreover, the pigment concentrations of seedlings cultured under salt stress were maintained by a function of Glybet, led to high efficiency of photochemical and non‐photochemical quenching of PSII as well as to exhibit on net photosynthetic rate. Thus, our results suggest that the addition of either Glybet or Cho to the plant growth media can improve growth performance under salt stress conditions by increasing the salt tolerance of Thai jasmine rice. The exogenous application of Glybet and/or Cho to culture media may be an effective method of improving resistance to salt stress via the promotion of Glybet accumulation with in rice seedlings.     

抗体夹心BGT-ELISA方法的建立及在转基因白桦中的应用

以蜘蛛杀虫肽与Bt-toxinC肽融合蛋白基因(bgt基因)的表达产物的定量分析为研究目标,采用原核表达及纯化出融合蛋白His-BGT作为抗原进行兔免疫,得到相应的抗血清,采用ELISA法检测效价在1:10000以上,并对抗血清进行了免疫亲和层析,获得了高纯度的IgG,Westernblot检测具有较好的特异性。采用过碘酸钠法将抗体标记辣根过氧化物酶(HRP),得到第二抗体即酶标抗体,标记率在85%以上。建立起检测BGT杀虫蛋白的快速、灵敏的方法。应用该检测方法,分析了不同转基因白桦(BetulaplatyphyllaSuk.)株系中BGT蛋白含量占叶片可溶性总蛋白含量的0.05%～0.3%,并利用Westernblot验证了此方法是可靠的。说明抗体夹心BGT-ELISA方法能够定量分析转基因植株中BGT蛋白的含量,为转bgt基因植物的检测和应用奠定了基础。     

Numerical simulation of contact problems in high pressure reciprocating pump systems

The cylinder bodies of reciprocating pumps easily fail from cracks due to complex external loads. Based on the working principle of reciprocating pumps, hydrodynamics, and a numerical method for surface to surface contact problems, a contact model involving a cylinder body, a valve base, and a valve pocket is established. Considering pressure fluctuation, flow pulsation, alternate loads, and the impact of the inlet and outlet valves, a finite element model for the complete system is established. Using this model, the contact state of the complete system is analyzed, and the stress distribution, contact state, contact stress distribution of the interface, and position of the weak part are obtained.     

Contact analysis of a new style planetary reducer with a double crank and internal gear board

To address the problems of low carrying capacity and short life of bearings in current ring reducers, a new type of ring reducer is proposed which consists of a two stepped transmission. One is a planetary transmission, and the other is an N type planetary transmission with a low tooth number difference. Based on the analysis of structural features, the transmission principle, and a transmission load situation, a contact finite element model of the new type of ring reducer is set up, and the stress value and the actual pairs of meshing teeth are derived by calculation. Based on gear modification research theory, the second stage transmission gear pairs of the new reducer are modified on its teeth profiles. Results demonstrate that the load capacity of transmission gear pairs have been enhanced greatly.     

A model of a hall for a workshop of metasynthetic engineering

A hall for a workshop of metasynthetic engineering (HWME) is constructed based on network services, in which the expert, machinery and knowledge systems are combined with services. This hall is an expansion of the traditional workshop hall. The     

Comparison of physiological and yield traits between purple- and white-pericarp rice using SLs

Five physiological and eleven yield traits of two pairs of sister lines generated from a high generation with similar genetic background (SLs) for purple pericarp were investigated to explore the reasons behind low-yield production of colored rice. Of the five physiological traits examined, except grain anthocyanin content, there were generally similar trends between the P (purple-pericarp) lines and the corresponding W (white-pericarp) lines over two seasons (in the year 2009 and 2010 separately). The results demonstrated that the chlorophyll content of flag leaves, the net photosynthetic rate of flag leaves, and the grain anthocyanin content could be easily influenced by the environment. The physiological functions of the traits for the P lines were more active than those of the corresponding W lines in the year 2010. The grain anthocyanin content of the P lines was much greater in the year 2010 than in the year 2009 during the growth period. The investigation of yield traits revealed that the P lines had reduced 1000-grain weight, yield per plot and grain/brown rice thickness compared to the W lines. A difference comparison of these traits and a source-sink and transportation relationship analysis for these SLs suggested that small sink size was a key reason behind yield reduction of purple pericarp rice.     

长期有机无机肥配施对土壤肥力及水稻产量的影响

以长期定位试验为基本材料,研究了20年的连续施用有机肥、有机肥无机肥长期配施对土壤肥力及水稻产量的影响。结果表明：（1）施用有机肥料,土壤全氮含量比化学肥料要高,有效氮平均高出15.9mg/kg;（2）施用磷肥和钾肥是提高土壤磷钾养分的基础。施肥使土壤有效磷平均高出18.8mg/kg,有效钾平均高出27mg/kg;（3）施用有机肥料改善土壤物理性质,配施不明显改变pH。有机肥料使土壤容重下降12.6%,田间持水量平均上升19.7%。（4）有机无机肥连续配施,能持续高产稳产。稻谷总产（19年早、晚稻平均）,以NPKM为最高（5556.8kg/hm2）,比单施化肥NPK）增产704.3kg/hm2,增产14.5%。     

野生大豆引种栽培初报

通过对野生大豆的引种栽培，初步了解了野生大豆的种子萌发、植株生长规律及产量的形成等，为综合开发利用这一野生植物资源提供了科学依据；试验结果表明野生大豆的种子萌发必须经过一定的处理才能提高发芽率；其侧枝发生量大，是产量形成的主要部位；株高和叶片数的生长积累曲线分别为：Y=267．799／(1 76．0906e^-0.060993t)，Y=46．57169／(1 27．45426e^-0.049097t)。