新农村建设背景下完善林业科技服务体系的思考

从加强林业科技自身建设,提升服务“三农”能力;形式多样、重心下移、提升服务“三农”水平;创新林业科技服务模式,促进林业科技服务体系深入发展3个方面就完善林业科技服务体系建设问题提出思考建议。     

Frozen bread dough: Effects of freezing storage and dough improvers

This review focuses on the effects of freezing storage on the microstructure and baking performance of frozen doughs, and provides an overview of the activities of dough improvers, including emulsifiers, hydrocolloids and other improvers used in frozen dough applications. The overall quality of bread baked from frozen dough deteriorates as the storage of the dough at sub-zero temperatures increases due to several factors which are discussed. Lipid-related emulsifiers such as diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono and diglycerides and sucrose esters employed as anti-staling agents, dough modifiers, shortening sparing agents, and as improvers for the production of high-protein bread have also been employed in frozen doughs. Hydrocolloids are gaining importance in the baking industry as dough improvers due to their ability to induce structural changes in the main components of wheat flour systems during breadmaking steps and bread storage Their effects in frozen doughs is discussed. Other dough improvers, such as ascorbic acid, honey and green tea extract, are also reviewed in the context of frozen doughs.     

助力知识产权强国建设的重点关切

[目的/意义]从构建知识产权信息化平台,完善高校复合型知识产权专业人才培养措施,健全海外知识产权保护政策,提升知识产权全链条治理能力,注重知识产权高质量创造,联动知识产权公共服务与市场服务等方面着手,助力知识产权强国建设。[方法/过程]围绕知识产权信息化、人才培养、法律保障、数据赋能、战略和服务等重点关切,访谈领域内专家,共同为知识产权强国建设路径出谋划策。[结果/结论]知识产权强国建设需要多方出力,尤其需要着力构建知识产权一站式服务平台,提高知识产权服务能力;以社会需求为导向,培养复合型知识产权专业人才;关注海外知识产权贸易与纠纷,提高企业知识产权布局与风险应对能力;以数据赋能知识产权高质量发展为导向,提升知识产权治理能力;在国家政策方面落实知识产权高质量发展战略,引领创新主体以发展战略思维来谋划知识产权能力的提升;大力推动各级各类知识产权公共服务机构的建立,提高知识产权服务的覆盖性。     

正交试验优选地锦草颗粒成型工艺

为优选地锦草颗粒成型工艺,以可溶性淀粉用量、乙醇浓度、阿司帕坦用量为考察因素,以制粒难易程度、外观、粒度、溶化性、口感及其综合评分为指标,采用L9（34）正交试验优选成型工艺。最佳成型工艺是可溶性淀粉用量为70%,乙醇浓度为75%,阿司帕坦用量为0.50%,测得临界相对湿度为65%。     

苗族学生高辍学率原因及控辍保学方法——贵州省N县X乡小花苗村寨个案研究

黔西北有苗族人口40多万人,小花苗是苗族的一个分支.通过对边远小花苗村寨调查,分析苗族学生高辍学率的原因,提出控辍保学的对策建议,认为教育帮扶、让部分人在知识和技术技能上“先富起来”是切实可行的办法.     

Vertical distribution of jack mackerel Trachurus japonicus larvae in the southern part of the East China Sea

ABSTRACT:   The vertical distribution of jack mackerel Trachurus japonicus larvae was described based on discrete depth sampling using a MTD net system from the surface down to 100 m depth at 13 stations in the southern East China Sea between 27 February and 10 March 2002. Of the 20 782 fish larvae collected, T. japonicus larvae were most abundant, accounting for 37.0% of the total catch. The average abundance of the larvae was 419.0 individuals/10 m², with the average (± standard deviation [SD]) body length of 2.6 ± 0.3 mm (range 1.8–7.5 mm). The larvae were concentrated in the mixed layer, with peak densities in the 10–30 m layer. The average (±SD) weighted mean depth was 21.5 ± 7.8 m. There was no evidence of either diel or ontogenetic vertical migration for the early larvae of <5 mm. More than 90% of the T. japonicus larvae were collected in the water temperature ranging from 21 to 23°C. Vertical profiles of the larval densities and chlorophyll a coincided with each other, which might reflect the abundance of their main prey organisms, copepod nauplii and copepodites, since copepod production is known to be closely related with the chlorophyll a concentration.     

苯并_a_芘对大弹涂鱼肝脏芳烃羟化酶活性的影响

研究了苯并(a)芘(BaP)胁迫下大弹涂鱼肝脏芳烃羟化酶(AHH)活性的变化,结果显示BaP对大弹涂鱼肝脏AHH活性总体表现为显著的诱导作用(P＜0.01),其中BaP暴露的浓度及时间是影响AHH活性的重要因素.0.05mg@L-1浓度的BaP暴露对AHH活性无显著影响,而0.2mg@L-1和0.5mg@L-1浓度组AHH活性则显著被诱导(P＜0.01).随着暴污时间的延长,0.2mg@L-1浓度组AHH活性被显著诱导(P＜0.01),而0.5mg@L-1组AHH活性则相对稳定.对AHH活性变化的剂量-效应关系进行回归分析的结果表明,0.5mg@L-1浓度组暴露7d时,AHH活性受到一定程度的抑制.污染解除后,0.5mg@L-1浓度组AHH活性显著降低,恢复至与对照组相近,表明大弹涂鱼肝脏仍具有较强的生理调节机能,同时也表明AHH活性可及时反映环境中BaP的水平.以上这些结果表明AHH适于作为大弹涂鱼受BaP胁迫的生物指标.     

狂犬病病毒感染对宿主miR-29a和miR-124表达的影响及其靶基因分析

依据本实验室前期狂犬病病毒(RABV)感染小鼠原代神经元microRNA(miRNA)表达谱数据,选取表达显著上调的miR-29a和下调miR-124为研究对象,采用实时荧光定量PCR技术检测目的 miRNA在RABV感染前后的小鼠原代神经元和小鼠海马组织内的表达变化。运用TargetScan数据库预测目的 miRNA潜在的靶基因,并对靶基因进行了GO(Gene Ontology)注释描述、GO注释富集分析和信号通路富集分析,富集结果呈现出数个与神经功能相关的GO注释和信号通路。本研究结果提示miR-29a和miR-124可能参与了RABV感染所致的宿主神经功能异常。     

Effects of RNA interference targeting CDC25agene on proliferation of human liver cancer HepG2 cells

AIM: To investigate the effect of silencing cell division cycle 25a (CDC25a) gene on the proliferation of human hepatoma HepG2 cells. METHODS: CDC25agene in human hepatoma HepG2 cells was silenced by RNA interference. Real-time PCR was applied to detect the expression of CDC25a, cyclin E and CDK2 at mRNA levels in the HepG2 cells. Western blotting was applied to detect the expression of CDC25a at protein level. In addition, MTT assay, Giemsa staining and flow cytometry were used to measure the proliferation of human hepatoma HepG2 cells. RESULTS: The expression of CDC25a at mRNA and protein levels in RNA silence group was lower than those in negative control group and normal control group (P＜0.05). The mRNA expression of cyclin E and CDK2 in silence group was lower than that in negative control group and normal control group (P＜0.05). The cell proliferation in silence group was lower than that in negative control group and normal control group (P＜0.05). The results of flow cytometry revealed that the cells in silence group were blocked in G1 phase. CONCLUSION: Infection of LV-CDC25a-RNAi recombinant to the HepG2 cells effectively inhibits the CDC25agene expression and the proliferation of human hepatoma cells, and arrests the cells in G1 phase, suggesting that CDC25agene may be a key target for the treatment of liver cancer.     

栉孔扇贝（Chlamys farreri）在模拟自然水环境中滤水率的测定

在模拟自然海区的生态环境的条件下，对桑沟湾内主要养殖种类栉孔扇贝的滤水率进行了测定，对其不同体长扇贝的滤水率进行了实验比较。在水温２４－２６℃。盐度３１－３２‰范围内，昼间光照５００Ｌｕｘ左右条件下，用叶绿素和颗粒有机物作为测定指标，结果表明，此种扇贝的滤水率随个体增大，单位个体的滤水率越大，而单位干组织重的滤水率越小；同一规格扇贝，密度越大，滤水率越低。在本实验过程中，昼夜间的滤水率变化不甚明显