The diversity and sustainable development of crop genetic resources in the Lancang River Valley

This paper reviews the status of crop genetic resources in Yunnan province of China from 1978 to 1999. Results are presented of same research in the field of the diversity of cultivated and wild crop. Yunnan is one of the centre of origin or genetic diversity of more than 200 cultivated and wild crops. There are over 500 cultivated plants which account for over 80% of the total in China and more than 650 species of wild crops. In addition, there are more than 440 species of main wild flowers. According to our recently researches there are abundant species, subspecies and varieties of crop genetic resources in Yunnan Province. The Lancang River Valley is the richest genetic diversity centre of rice, maize, wheat, barley, buckwheat, legumes, ramie, sugarcane, vegetable, tea, actinidia and so on. For example, there are 59 varieties (including all varieties of Oryza sativa L. in China) in 5933 accession of Yunnan indigenous rice. The Lancang River Valley is one of the centre for genetic diversity of rice resources and a rich region for elite and rare rice resources of Yunnan, too. In order to protect the highly endangered crop genetic resources in the Lancang River Valley, it is necessary and very important to set up a collection, conservation, utilization and research system, enhancing their protection and utilization, in situ- and ex situ-conservation, farm management and sustainable production.     

Landscape context mediates influence of local food abundance on wetland use by wintering shorebirds in an agricultural valley

While it is widely understood that local abundance of benthic invertebrates can greatly influence the distribution and abundance of wetland birds, no studies have examined if wetland landscape context can mediate this relationship. We studied the influence of wetland food abundance and landscape context on use of agricultural wetlands by wintering dunlin (Calidris alpina) and killdeer (Charadrius vociferus) in the Willamette Valley of Oregon, USA, over two winters (1999-2000, 2000-2001) of differing rainfall and subsequent habitat distribution. We monitored bird use (frequency of occurrence and abundance) at a sample of wetlands differing in local food abundance (density and biomass) and landscape context [adjacent shorebird habitat (defined as ha of wet habitat with less than 50% vegetative cover and within a 2-km radius) and nearest neighbor distance]. We evaluated predictive models for bird use using linear regression and the Cp criterion to select the most parsimonious model. During the dry winter (2000-2001), dunlin exhibited greater use of sites with higher invertebrate density and biomass but also with more adjacent shorebird habitat and closest to a wetland neighbor. However, neither landscape context nor food abundance were important predictors of dunlin use during the wet winter (1999-2000). Use of sites by killdeer was unrelated to either local food abundance or landscape context measures during both winters. Our findings contribute to a growing recognition of the importance of landscape structure to wetland birds and highlight a number of implications for the spatial planning and enhancement of wetlands using a landscape approach.     

泰安市水土流失区中低产田的治理开发

泰安市水土流失区中低产田的治理开发魏玉杰，于洪太，张玉梅（泰安市水土保持科学研究所，２７１０６０）随着小流域综合治理开发，形成了具有山区特色的小流域经济系统。在此系统中，农业资源不仅得到了合理利用、培育和更新，而且实现了高效转化与增值，形成了生态与经...     

拍卖荒山 加快治理

拍卖荒山加快治理王京南（山东省莱芜市农委２７１１００）魏佑福（莱芜市腰关乡政府）腰关乡地处山东省莱芜市北部砂石地区，大汶河上游。由于水土流失严重，仅有一点耕地多为土层薄、质地差，旱涝不保收的低产田。该乡立足人多地少山多的基本乡情，几年来围绕“山”字大...     

水土保持合同及合同行为

水土保持合同及合同行为高辉巧，王延荣（华北水利水电学院，郑州４５００４５）水土保持合同是指水行政主管部门或集体经济管理单位与企事业单位、农村集体经济组织或农民个人之间，为了有效防治水土流失、合理利用水土资源，依照水土保持法规的有关规定签订的协议。从目...     

湟水谷地大樱桃栽培技术

乐都县海拔高、气候冷凉、昼夜温差大、日照充足、紫外线照射强,生产的大樱桃具有果实个大,汁多肉厚、香甜可口、营养丰富、含糖量高等独特优良品质,深受消费者青睐。介绍了乐都大樱桃栽培技术,包括园址选择、品种选择和搭配、苗木贮藏、苗木定植、幼园间作套种、整形与修剪、土壤水肥的管理、保花保果、病虫害防治等。     

丽江老君山黎明谷露营地规划方法探讨

以丽江老君山黎明谷露营地为案例进行了研究,通过对黎明谷的现状分析,对露营地的选址、功能分区、交通规划、景观规划、给排水和电力规划以及相关旅游服务设施规划等方面进行了深入探讨,阐述了露营地规划设计方法。     

贺兰山岩画保护区泥石流沟防治规划研究

贺兰山贺兰沟为一典型的泥石流沟,中华数千年的文化艺术瑰宝贺兰山岩画保护区即位于贺兰沟沟口及洪积扇上,经常遭受泥石流的冲积、毁坏和磨损.针对贺兰沟的环境背景条件,在分析泥石流沟特征性状的基础上,提出了因害设防与分区治理相结合、工程措施与生物措施相结合、避灾减灾与应急系统相结合等一系列综合治理规划方案,以期有效解决泥石流对贺兰山岩画和古村落遗址的威胁.     

西藏林芝觉木沟报春花属种质资源及观赏特性

通过调查发现了西藏林芝觉木沟的报春花属植物共6种,分属5个组,编制了分种检索表,并对每种报春花的生物特性和生境类型进行了阐述和归纳,根据各报春花的观赏特性作出了应用推荐。