用活力指标评价几种牧草的种批质量和田间出苗率

采用一系列试验室和田间试验，以探讨催腐、电导、发芽势、发芽指数和幼苗根长等活力指标用于评价牧草种批质量和田间出苗率的适用性。供试牧草种为紫花苜蓿、光叶紫花苕、苏丹草和老芒麦。试验结果表明，与标准发芽率相比较，电导和催腐法可更为有效地预测2种豆科牧草种子的出苗率和划分光叶紫花苕的种批质量；发芽势和发芽指数可更准确地预测苏丹草的出苗率；而发芽指数可更灵敏地划分老芒麦的种批质量。其他活力方法在评价其他质量指标方面未显示出优越性。讨论了影响活力测定的因素。     

MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING OF THE CANINE OPTIC NERVE

We describe the magnetic resonance (MR) imaging aspects of normal canine optic nerve, the diameter of the optic nerve as measured on MR images, and optimal MR sequences for the evaluation of the optic nerve using a 0.2 T MR unit. Three millimeter contiguous slides of the normal canine orbital region were acquired in transverse and dorsal oblique planes using a variety of tissue weighting sequences. It was apparent that detailed anatomic assessment of the optic nerve can be performed with low‐field MR imaging, but none of the sequences provided unequivocal superior image quality of the optic nerve. The mean diameter of the optic nerve sheath complex was 3.7 mm and of the optic nerve 1.7 mm. The intraorbital and intracanalicular parts of the optic nerve are consistently visible and differentiation between the optic nerve and optic nerve sheath complex is possible using low‐field MR systems.     

土大黄的分布与云南省滇西北高山草地植物物种多样性的关系

2009年9月,用点样法调查了云南省滇西北贡山县迪麻村色娃龙巴高山牧场的4种不同土大黄(Rumexnepalensis)覆盖率群落的空间垂直分布,并采用Shannon’s多样性指数(H)和平均数(EH)对物种和群落多样性进行了分析。结果表明,调查的草地群落里共有25种牧草资源;土大黄覆盖率与毛囊苔草(Carexinanis)和银叶委陵菜(Potentillaleuconota)覆盖率呈负相关,与拉拉藤(Galiumaparine var.echino-spermu)和中华水芹(Oenanthe sinense)覆盖率呈正相关(P0.05);中等和中上等的土大黄覆盖率群落里具有最高的物种丰富度(19、17)、物种多样性指数(2.40、2.32)和物种均衡性(0.82、0.82),其次是高等的土大黄覆盖率群落,低等的土大黄覆盖率群落里则具有最低的物种丰富度(15)和物种多样性指数(1.98)。然而,低等的土大黄覆盖率群落里具有最高的总物种密度(15.65)。这些结果表明,土大黄对高山草地植物物种多样性的影响并不明显,造成物种多样性变化的主要原因是家畜的放牧强度和频率。     

日粮蛋白质水平对云南半细毛羊空怀母羊能量代谢的影响

为研究日粮蛋白质水平对云南半细毛羊空怀母羊能量代谢的影响,试验选择25只云南半细毛羊空怀母羊,平均分为5个组,分别饲喂蛋白质水平为8.4％、10.0％、12.3％、13.6％、15.9％的日粮,用全收粪法进行消化代谢试验,试验期共19 d,预试期14 d,正试期5 d.结果表明:(1)日粮蛋白质水平对总能摄入量无显著影...     

添加尿素和糖蜜对甘蔗尾打捆青贮品质的影响

试验采用单因子设计研究不同水平的尿素、糖蜜及糖蜜与尿素混合处理对甘蔗尾打捆青贮品质的影响。试验共分5组,其中1组为对照组,甘蔗尾经揉搓后直接青贮,2~5组为试验组分别添加0.6%尿素、1.0%的尿素、5%糖蜜和0.6%尿素+5%糖蜜,每个处理3个重复,青贮期90 d。试验结果表明,添加0.6%、1%的尿素及0.6%尿素+5%糖蜜均能显著提高青贮饲料的粗蛋白质含量（P<0.05）,但3个组间差异不显著（P>0.05）;单独加尿素的两组青贮料pH较对照组和其它试验组高,外观品质有所下降;添加5%的糖蜜和0.6%尿素+5%糖蜜均能显著降低青贮料的粗纤维含量,增加可溶性糖的含量,青贮料的pH及外观品质较好;综合营养成分和外观品质, 甘蔗尾用尿素与糖蜜混合处理其青贮料的品质最好。     

高压静电技术二次成熟牛肉效果研究

本试验选取6具肉牛胴体采用配对试验设计,通过带有高压静电(HVEF)装置的冰箱和普通冰箱二次成熟牛外脊部位肉样,研究高压静电二次成熟牛肉对牛肉品质的影响。结果表明,高压静电组较常规处理组肉色鲜红,二次成熟48h、72h、96h肉色值L*均显著高于常规处理组(P<0.05),a*值均显著低于常规处理组(P<0.05);两组在24h、48h、72h、96h测定的pH值差异不显著(P>0.05);失水率较常规处理组牛肉低15.56%,在48h、72h、96h时两组均差异显著(P<0.05);熟肉率较常规处理组提高1.07%,成熟24h、48h、72h、96h四个阶段,两组之间熟肉率差异均不显著(P>0.05);剪切力值较常规处理组低6.24%,在24h时两组差异不显著(P>0.05),48h、72h两组差异极显著(P<0.01),成熟96h两组差异显著(P<0.05)。综上,高压静电对分割后的牛肉在0~4℃条件下二次成熟具有改善作用。     

2009-2010年云南部分猪场猪主要传染病血清流行病调查

为了探查2009-2010年云南部分猪场对猪主要传染病疫苗接种后的免疫效果,本试验主要通过ELISA方法对样品进行血清流行病调查。结果表明,猪瘟病毒(classical swine fever virus,CSFV)抗体阳性率为84.33%(1211/1436);猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus,PRRSV)抗体阳性率为74.84%(803/1073);猪圆环病毒2型(porcine circovirus type 2,PCV2)抗体阳性率为0.00%(0/80);猪伪狂犬病病毒(pseudorabies virus,PRV)抗体阳性率为62.26%(287/461);猪细小病毒(porcine parvovirus,PPV)抗体阳性率为54.25%(83/153);日本乙型脑炎抗体阳性率为63.33%(76/120)。提高PRRSV、PRV、PPV和乙脑疫苗的使用效果是云南省内猪场解决母猪流产的有效途径。     

脉冲电场处理对鸡蛋蛋白液特性的影响

采用高压脉冲电场处理鸡蛋蛋白液,研究了不同场强处理对蛋白液功能性质的影响.结果显示,蛋液pH值和电导率与场强的变化成正比,随场强的增加都有增大的趋势,且均表现为不同处理强度间变化不大;变性温度受影响较小,几种处理的变性温度基本相同;而蛋液黏度、凝胶弹性与场强的关系不明显,受影响较小.     

贵阳市高尔夫俱乐部草坪基地建植与管理

通过贵阳市高尔夫球场草皮基地的建植和养护管理 ,从中总结了过渡气候带建植草坪应注意的一些问题。根据所建草坪的功能 ,选择相适应的草种应用于高尔夫球场。并对其适应性进行了研究     

Distribution and Genotypic Characterization of Campylobacter jejuni Isolated from Poultry in Split and Dalmatia County,Croatia

Consumption of poultry contaminated with Campylobacter jejuni has been recognized worldwide as the leading cause of campylobacteriosis. Therefore, the aim of our study was to investigate the prevalence and genotype diversity of Campylobacter jejuni in poultry meat intended for consumption in Split and Dalmatia County, which is the second biggest County in Croatia. Furthermore, we also wanted to discover possibly stable clones of C. jejuni appearing in different samples and periods of time, which would indicate their ability to persist in or adapt to poultry. In the period from March 2008 until June 2010, 834 samples of poultry from various sources were examined using a surface swab technique. Isolation of C. jejuni was performed by Preston broth and Karmali agar. Identification of the isolates was carried out using biochemical tests. C. jejuni was found in 84 of 574 chicken samples (14.6%) and in nine of 260 samples of turkey (3.5%). Pulse‐field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was used to analyse 61 obtained isolates using SmaI and KpnI. Of 22 different macrorestriction profiles (MRP) that were found, five were detected in poultry from both different locations and periods of time. Samples from 11 locations were found to be contaminated with more than two different genotypes of C. jejuni. Interestingly, the same MRP were found both in poultry declared to be of domestic origin and in the poultry imported from abroad. The prevalence of C. jejuni in poultry samples was in accordance with previously reported results. Genotypic analysis indicated that the population of C. jejuni in Split and Dalmatia County was diverse and that multiple strains of C. jejuni could be found in the same poultry samples. Furthermore, the same genotypes were identified from the samples obtained from different locations and periods of time, which could support the theory of a global existence of certain MRP that are able to persist in or adapt to poultry.