鲤春病毒血症病毒(SVCV)的研究进展

鲤春病毒血症病毒（SVCV）是一种能够引起鲤科鱼类急性传染性病毒病-鲤春病毒血症（SVC）的病原，一旦暴发会造成巨大的经济损失。该病主要在欧洲的鲤鱼养殖中广泛传播，主要症状为体内出血，腹膜炎及腹水。SVCV具有囊膜，暂时列为弹状病毒科水泡性病毒属。病毒基因组为线性单股不分段的负链RNA，长11019个核苷酸，主要包含5个基因，分别编码核蛋白N、磷蛋白P、基质蛋白M、糖蛋白G和RNA聚合酶L。日前，中国出入境检验检疫检测SVCV的行业标准是逆转录PCR法。本研究从病毒的生物学特征，感染的临床症状及流行特点，病毒基因组及其多肽特征，病毒的分类地位以及检测技术等方面对国内外研究的现状作一综述，以期为研究者提供理论参考。     

Infection dynamics of foot-and-mouth disease virus in pigs using two novel simulated-natural inoculation methods

In order to characterize foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) infection dynamics in pigs, two simulated-natural inoculation systems were developed and evaluated. Intra-oropharyngeal (IOP) and intra-nasopharyngeal (INP) inoculation both enabled precise control of dose and timing of inoculation while simulating field exposure conditions.     

Oral Recombinant Feline Interferon-Omega as an alternative immune modulation therapy in FIV positive cats: Clinical and laboratory evaluation

Recombinant-Feline Interferon-Omega (rFeIFN-ω) is an immune-modulator licensed for use subcutaneously in Feline Immunodeficiency virus (FIV) therapy. Despite oral protocols have been suggested, little is known about such use in FIV-infected cats. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical improvement, laboratory findings, concurrent viral excretion and acute phase proteins (APPs) in naturally FIV-infected cats under oral rFeIFN-ω therapy (0.1 MU/cat rFeIFN-ω PO, SID, 90 days). 11 FIV-positive cats were treated with oral rFeIFN-ω (PO Group). Results were compared to previous data from 7 FIV-positive cats treated with the subcutaneous licensed protocol (SC Group). Initial clinical scores were similar in both groups. Independently of the protocol, rFeIFN-ω induced a significant clinical improvement of treated cats. Concurrent viral excretion and APP’s variation were not significant in the PO Group. Oral rFeIFN-ω can be an effective alternative therapy for FIV-infected cats, being also an option for treatment follow-up in cats submitted to the licensed protocol.     

Discovery of a new avian bornavirus genotype in estrildid finches (Estrildidae) in Germany

Avian bornaviruses (ABV) are known to be the causative agent of proventricular dilatation disease (PDD) in parrots and their relatives (Psittaciformes). A broad range of ABV genotypes has been detected not only in psittacine birds, but also in other avian species including canary birds (Serinus canaria forma domestica) and Bengalese finches (Lonchura striata f. dom.), which are both members of the order songbirds (Passeriformes).During this study 286 samples collected from captive and wild birds of various passerine species in different parts of Germany were screened for the presence of ABV. Interestingly, only three ABV-positive samples were identified by RT-PCR. They originated from one yellow-winged pytilia (Pytilia hypogrammica) and two black-rumped waxbills (Estrilda troglodytes) from a flock of captive estrildid finches in Saxony. The ABV isolates detected here were only distantly related to ABV isolates found in passerine species in Germany and Japan and form a new genotype tentatively called ABV-EF (for “estrildid finches”).     

狂犬病病毒CVS-11株的培养及其效价测定

本研究通过神经瘤细胞（NA）培养CVS-11株狂犬病病毒,并测定不同批次的病毒毒价,为优化狂犬病疫苗的生产工艺提供数据支持,具有实际意义。病毒培养和检测结果表明,第1次和第2次收获的病毒液病毒含量较高,在107.0FFU/0.1 mL以上,毒力为106.4～107.0LD50/0.03 mL;而第3次收获的病毒含量则较低,只有106.0FFU/0.1 mL左右,毒力为105.0～105.3LD50/0.03 mL。第1次和第2次收获的病毒液可用于制备狂犬疫苗,第3次收获的病毒液因毒价较低不适于制备狂犬疫苗。     

HBV衣壳蛋白装配抑制剂的研究进展

乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)是一种常见的嗜肝性病原体,全球约有4亿人感染,带来严重的社会问题和经济负担。虽然目前已有预防和治疗HBV的药物,但由于耐药性等问题不能彻底清除病毒感染,新药开发依然迫在眉睫。介绍了HBV的病毒结构、复制和感染过程,对现有治疗药物的优缺点进行了总结。对以衣壳蛋白装配为靶点的新药研究进展进行综述,旨在为今后开发抗HBV的新药提供参考。     

徐州地区9株新城疫病毒的分离鉴定

为了解徐州地区鸡新城疫流行现状及防治效果，采集该地区鸡新城疫疑似病料，通过血凝试验和血凝抑制试验，对病料进行病毒分离与鉴定，为鸡新城疫病防治提供参考。结果表明，疑似病料经分离培养、血凝试验和血凝抑制试验，获9株鸡新城疫病毒；1日龄雏鸡脑内接种致病指数表明．其中6株病毒为强毒株（SN03—2012、SN12—2012、SN05—2012、SN012012、LB05—2012、SN04—2010）。     

不同地域柞蚕核型多角体病毒特性的研究

探讨了我国不同地域ApNPV的特征性状。试验表明:(1)不同地域的ApNPV对河南柞蚕、蓖麻蚕的致病性有差异;(2)不同地域ApNPV-DNA经EcoRI酶解,电泳图谱相似;使用salI内切酶酶解时,在琼脂糖电泳图谱中的C、G、O、Q、U和P等片段,不同毒株之间有差异;(3)河南云阳株(HY)病毒粒子多肽由16种蛋白亚基组成;病毒DNA为线形环状结构,周长4.76×10~5,计算DNA的分子量为:91.4×10~6道尔顿。     

徐州地区牛流行热病毒的分离与鉴定

1991年夏秋之交徐州市各奶牛场暴发牛流行热。为确诊该病,采集了发病高热期抗凝血,进行了病毒分离和鉴定试验。病料经处理后,直接接种于BHK_21细胞,传至第二代可见典型的CPE。电镜下观察到80—150nm弹状病毒颗粒。分离毒的理化特性、核酸类型及中和试验结果均与标准BEFV相一致,证实该分离病毒为牛流行热病毒。     

东北亚四国（地区）SMV株系毒力比较

将我国，韩国，日本及俄罗斯远东地区的ＳＭＶ株系与鉴别寄主交互接种测定其毒力。结果指出采用外国的株系鉴别寄坟难以区分我国株系毒力。同样，用我国鉴别寄坟也难以区分外国毒株的毒力，所测定的我国９个株系的１３个代表毒株全部能侵染最抗病的鉴别寄主韩国的Ｂｕｆｆａｌｏ和日本的Ｈａｒｏｊｏｙ。