五味子果汁饮料的研制

[目的]研制具有五味子特色口味的果汁饮料。[方法]以五味子浆果果汁为原料,应用常温浸提法、絮凝澄清技术和超高压技术制备五味子果汁饮料。[结果]确定了五味子果汁的澄清条件：絮凝剂为壳聚糖,添加量为0.05 g/L,处理时间为4.0 h。在该条件下,五味子果汁的透光率达99.99%,pH为2.82,总酚含量为0.232 mg/ml。储存试验证明,五味子果汁饮料经澄清处理,饮料的稳定性优于原始饮料。[结论]应用常温浸提技术、絮凝澄清技术和超高压技术可以生产出具有五味子特色的果汁饮料。     

盐碱胁迫对非常规草坪草羊草和虎尾草生理生态特性的影响

采用野外不同盐碱化程度草地(pH值分别为7.56、8.18、8.3、9.2、9.81和总盐量分别为0.05％、0.12％、0.15％、0.24％、0.32％)的主要禾本科优势植物羊草和虎尾草为野外实验材料,与室内模拟生境(不同梯度混合盐碱,pH值分别为7、7.7、8.4、9.1、9.8)相结合的方法,对羊草和虎尾草在盐...     

北五味子多糖对小鼠抗疲劳和耐缺氧的作用

将160只昆明种小鼠随机分成4组,即空白组(蒸馏水)、高、中、低剂量组(多糖含量分别为40、20、10 mg·kg-1·d-1).每组40只,每日以10 mL/kg剂量给小鼠连续灌胃30 d.然后测定其负重游泳时间、常压耐缺氧时间,并测定其血清中乳酸、乳酸脱氢酶活性、血清尿素氮(血清尿素氮)浓度和肝糖原质量分数.结果表...     

五味子根化学成分研究

采用常规硅胶柱层析、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱层析、重结晶等多种色谱分离手段,首次从五味子根95％乙醇提取物中分离得到6个单体化合物。依据理化性质、光谱学分析鉴定它们的结构,它们分别是：五味子乙素（Schizandrin B,1）、五味子甲素（Schisandrin A,2）、五味子酯甲（Schisantherin A,3）、顺芷酰戈米辛H（Tigloylgomisin H,4）、五味子醇甲（Schisandrol A,5）、五味予醇乙（Schisandrol B,6）。     

五味子抗氧化和抑菌作用的研究进展

对五味子的抗氧化和抑菌作用进行了综述,结果表明现有的研究成果不能确定五味子抑菌成分,其抗氧化和抑菌作用机理也不明了,需要更深入的研究．同时对五味子在医药、保健品、食品等方面的应用进行了展望．     

苏打盐碱胁迫下羊草光合速率日变化及其与影响因子的关系

采用Li-6400型光合作用测定系统对苏打盐碱化草地羊草光合速率和蒸腾速率的日变化进行测定,并对影响羊草光合和蒸腾速率的诸因子间相互关系进行了分析。结果表明,羊草光合速率和蒸腾速率日变化均呈“双峰”曲线,在苏打盐碱胁迫下,“双峰”出现时间提前。羊草光合速率日变化与蒸腾速率日变化间呈极显著正相关（r=0．9323,P〈0．01）,水分利用效率在1d中基本保持不变。影响羊草光合作用和蒸腾作用的诸因子间都具有显著的相关性,但水分利用效率与气温、叶温的相关性不显著。羊草具有较高的水分利用效率,并且受温度的影响较小,这是羊草适应松嫩平原干旱气候和土壤苏打盐碱化胁迫的重要生理机制。     

小白菜耐盐变异体的诱导及离体筛选

以3份优良小白菜品种为供试材料,研究了培养基中不同NaCl浓度对种子萌发和茎端组织存活及生长的影响;不同平阳霉素浓度及时间的处理对种子萌发和茎端组织存活及生长的影响。结果表明：供试种子的萌发率和茎端组织的存活率随培养基中NaCl浓度的上升急剧下降,平阳霉素处理对茎端组织存活率的抑制明显大于对种子萌发率的影响,平阳霉素处理后存活的种子和茎端组织经NaCl胁迫筛选,筛选出耐NaCl胁迫力明显提高的存活苗,存活苗经无性繁殖,可以保持较高的耐NaCl能力。     

黄连种子发芽条件的研究

以石柱黄连种子为研究材料,采用不同的发芽床、温度、光照及不同生理时期的黄连种子,观察其萌发特性以寻找最佳萌发条件,提高成活率。结果表明。黄连种子发芽率低,发芽期长,贮藏期应不低于180d,在12℃、低光照的土床环境下发芽情况较好。     

宁夏枸杞雄性不育育性标准研究

1材料与方法1．1材料材料为宁夏枸杞“YX-1”雄性不育植株和“宁杞1号”植株的新鲜花蕾,均采于银川市西夏区育新枸杞种业有限公司枸杞种植园新区。     

The Susceptibilities of Oxya chinensis （Orthoptera： Acridoidea） to Malathion and Comparison of the Esterase Properties from Three Collected Populations in Tianjin Area,China

The susceptibilities of Oxya chinensis to malathion were studied in three populations collected from outskirt of Tianjin, China, using bioassays and biochemical analysis. Populations were chosen to represent different exposure to insecticides： BDG （Beidagang; low exposure）, BD （Baodi; high exposure previously but low exposure now）, and JN （Jinnan; high exposure）. The results showed that the LD50 values of BD and JN populations were 3.95- and 12.02-fold and 3.64- and 10.07- fold higher than that of BDG population in females and males, respectively. The LD50 values in females were higher than those in males. The results of biochemical analysis indicated that the esterase （EST） activities in JN population were higher than those in BD and BDG populations. They showed that when α-NA, α-NB, and α-NA were used as substrates, females＇ EST activities of JN population were 1.11-, 1.30-, and 1.14-fold and 1.39-, 1.59-, and 1.54-fold higher than those of BD and BDG populations, respectively. When α-NA, α-NB, and β-NA were used as substrates, males＇ EST activities of JN population were 1.13-, 1.12-, and 1,00-fold and 1.20-, 1.14-, and 1.07-fold higher than those of BD and BDG populations, respectively. The results also showed that the specific activities of the females were higher than those of the males in the BD and JN populations, whereas the specific activities of the males were higher than those of the females in the BDG population. The results of bioassay were consistent with those of biochemical analysis. Thus, it was inferred that the elevated ESTs activities might play an important role in conferring the differences of susceptibility of O. chinensis to malathion in the three collected populations. Enzyme kinetic studies indicated that the Km and Vmax values were different among the three collected populations and between the females and the males. The observed changes in the kinetic parameters might be explained by differential expression patterns of isozymes so that the insect esterases have different affinities and maximum velocities toward the same substrate.