野生水禽鸭瘟病毒的分离与鉴定

取急性死亡的某动物园野生水禽进行病毒分离,通过鸡(鸭)胚接种、动物回归试验、病毒主要理化特性测定、免疫预防试验等证实分离株为鸭瘟病毒,揭示野生水禽完全有自然感染鸭瘟的可能性,家鸭与野生水禽在相互间传播鸭瘟病毒上具有双向性.     

Improved detection of citrus psorosis virus using polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies

Citrus psorosis is a serious and widespread disease associated with citrus psorosis virus (CPsV), a novel filamentous negative-stranded virus in the genus Ophiovirus . Laborious and costly indexing on test plants has been the only routine diagnostic method available, but recently an antiserum usable in double antibody sandwich (DAS) ELISA has been prepared. Here, major improvements to the DAS-ELISA protocol, a new purification method, and production of two monoclonal antibodies (mabs) to CPsV, an IgG and an IgM are reported. A highly sensitive triple antibody sandwich (TAS) ELISA making use of the mabs is described. In glasshouse citrus the homologous virus was still detectable at a tissue dilution of 1/6250 in DAS and at 1/31250 in TAS-ELISA. Both the DAS and IgG mab-TAS formats detected all CPsV isolates so far tested (from Argentina, Italy, Lebanon, Spain and the USA). A few isolates were not detected by the IgM mab.     

禽网状内皮组织增生病病毒感染和鸡群的免疫抑制

近几年来，我国鸡群中一些免疫抑制性综合症候，越来越常见。不久前，我们分别在江苏和山东的二个种鸡场遇到了典型的例。虽然二个鸡群对网状的内皮增生病病毒（ＲＥＶ）和鸡贫血病毒都有较高的感染率。但在对鸡群的系统病史、病理剖解变化实验室检查结果做综合分析判断的基础上，确定这二个鸡群的免疫抑制主要是由于整个鸡群在早期感染了网状内皮增生病病毒所致。本文还讨论了造成这种早期感染的可能原因。     

Comparison of defence ability against the white spot syndrome virus between Fenneropenaeus chinensis and Marsupenaeus japonicus

The defence ability of Fenneropenaeus chinensis and Marsupenaeus japonicus against the intrusion of the white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) was compared after injecting WSSV intramuscularly by recording cumulative mortality, diagnosing the virus and examining variations in immunological parameters including the total haemocyte counts (THCs), phagocytic percentage (PP), plasma protein concentration (PPC), phenoloxidase (PO) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity. The results showed that the variations in the immunological parameters of F. chinensis and M. japonicus showed similar trends. The THCs of the two species decreased significantly postchallenge of WSSV. The virus was detected at 78 h in M. japonicus and at 42 h in F. chinensis after infection, which was in correlation with the accumulative mortality, and the variations in PO, PP, NOS and PPC in the two species. All shrimps of F. chinensis in the mortality experiment died within 66 h, much more quickly than M. japonicus, whose cumulative mortality reached 100% after 198 h. In conclusion, the immune system of M. japonicus has a stronger resistant ability to antagonize and endure the invasion of WSSV than that of F. chinensis.     

苜蓿植株再生及PPRV-F基因转化条件的研究

以苜蓿品种甘农1号下胚轴为外植体,研究不同培养基对苜蓿愈伤组织、体细胞胚形成的影响,通过体细胞胚发生途径建立再生体系,在此基础上,摸索农杆菌介导小反刍兽疫病毒F基因的转化条件。结果表明:所选培养基愈伤组织诱导率均为100%,UM+0.1mg/L NAA+0.5mg/L KT为诱导体细胞胚的最佳培养基。农杆菌介导的苜蓿遗传转化条件为:下胚轴预培养3d,农杆菌菌液侵染15min,然后在培养基上铺一层灭菌滤纸共培养3d后清洗,选择压为卡那霉素(Km)75mg/L,抑菌浓度为头孢霉素(Cef)300mg/L。本研究为制备防治小反刍兽疫转基因植物疫苗奠定了基础。     

土壤湿度对香料烟根系发育和根系活力的影响

研究了香料烟两个主要栽培类型， Ｂａｓｍ ａ（芳香型）和 Ｓａｍ ｓｕｎ（吃味型），在不同土壤湿度条件下的根系发育和根系活力，结果表明土壤适度干旱处理（土壤相对含水量６０％ ）两类型的根系干重、吸收面积和活跃吸收面积的测定值均高于其他处理。在土壤相对含水量６０％ ～８０％ 的处理条件下， Ｓａｍ ｓｕｎ 类型上述项目测定值均高于 Ｂａｓｍ ａ 类型；而土壤相对含水量在４５％ ～３５％ 的条件下， Ｂａｓｍ ａ 类型的项目测定值高于 Ｓａｍ ｓｕｎ 类型。     

重庆市山羊博尔纳病病毒P24基因的检测

为了解重庆市山羊博尔纳病隐性带毒情况，分析博尔纳病病毒（BDV）的种系来源。采用巢式逆转录酶PCR结合荧光定量PCR（FQ—nRT—PCR）技术对重庆市60只山羊外周血单核细胞（PBMCs）及脑组织中的BDVP24基因片段进行了检测，将阳性产物测序，并与国外BDV毒株进行了比较。结果，山羊外周血检测阳性率为8．3％（5／60），脑组织检测阳性率为10％（6／60）。该BDVP24片段核苷酸序列与马源BDVH1766株同源性最高，达96．519／6，与标准株Strain V和He／80同源性为95．35％，并且编码的氨基酸序列也相同。表明，重庆市山羊中存在动物源性博尔纳病隐性带毒，该BDVP24核苷酸序列与Strain V和He／80株具有高度同源性。     

用套式PCR方法对几种猪用冻干疫苗的PCV2检测

参照Genbank已发表的猪圆环病毒2型的基因序列,取其比较保守的基因片段ORF2,利用引物设计软件Oli-go5.0设计两对PCV2型特异的引物,其中第一对引物扩增跨度为ORF2全基因片段,长度为702 bp,第二对引物扩增ORF2中间的一个小片段,跨度大小为494 bp.首先用第一对引物扩增阳性DNA,阳性DNA的浓度从10-1稀释到10-11,然后以第一次PCR产物为模板,用第二对引物进行PCR,发现这种套式PCR的方法比用普通PCR灵敏度提高102倍.同这种套式PCR方法对广东省市场上出售的几种猪用弱毒疫苗进行猪圆环病毒2型检测,结果发现这几种疫苗全部为阴性,本实验说明目前广东市场上出售的弱毒疫苗在制作过程中没有受到PCV2的污染,解除了广大猪场主的顾虑.     

应用RT-PCR方法从进境南美白对虾亲虾中检出桃拉综合征病毒(Taura syndrome virus)

应用PCR和RT—PCR技术，对一批进境的南美白对虾亲虾进行了多种病毒性病原的检疫。结果检出桃拉综合征病毒。临床观察也表明，该批亲虾体表散布大量黑色病灶，为TSV感染引起的TS典型病变。