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A study was conducted in a sweet pepper-maize-rice cropping system in six farmers fields in Batac, Ilocos Norte, the Philippines, to determine the optimum P fertilizer rate for sweet pepper that will benefit the succeeding crops, maximize system-level productivity and profitability, and reduce the excessive accumulation of P in the soil. Single super phosphate was applied to sweet pepper at rates of 0, 28, 56, 84, 112, and 140 kg P ha–1 and the succeeding crops were grown without P fertilization. Maize residue was incorporated into the soil at puddling of soil for rice. Phosphorus fertilization at 56 kg P ha–1 and above had a residual effect on maize and rice. A reduction in the P applied to sweet pepper from 140 to 84 kg P ha–1 reduced extractable P in the soil at rice harvest from 52 to 29 kg P ha–1. Phosphorus applied at 111 kg P ha–1 to sweet pepper was optimum for maximum productivity and economic returns of the sweet pepper-maize-rice cropping system. This rate of P also significantly reduced P accumulation in the soil, thereby reducing the chances of negative effects on soil nutrient balance/availability. The results suggested the need for a cropping systems approach to conserve and effectively use native and fertilizer P in the sweet pepper-rice cropping system. 相似文献
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Using a correlation between trunk diameter fluctuation (TDF) and stem water potential (SWP) it appears possible to determine water deficit threshold values (WDTV) for young cherry trees. This correlation must be based on a significant effect between SWP and at least one variable associated with the vegetative or reproductive growth of the trees. The objectives of this study are: (1) to determine the effect of several irrigation treatments on vegetative and reproductive growth and the SWP of young cherry trees; (2) to determine the correlation between TDF and SWP, and; (3) to propose a first approximation of SWP and TDF water deficit threshold values for young cherry tree plants. The experiment was carried out between September and April of the 2005-2006 and 2006-2007 seasons, in Quillota, in the Valparaiso region, central Chile. The irrigation treatments consisted of applications of 50% (T50), 100% (T100) and 150% (T150) of potential evapotranspiration (ET0) over the two growing seasons, using a randomized complete block design (RCB). The effect of irrigation scheduling was observed on: apical shoot growth rate (GRAS), branch cross-sectional area (BCSA), canopy volume (CV), annual length of accumulated growth (ALAG) and productivity. This effect showed that the T50 treatment caused lower SWP (measured pre-dawn), vegetative growth and productivity. The fruit quality variables (cracking and size) were not affected by the different treatments. Combining the vegetative growth, productivity and SWP results shows that the water deficit threshold value, as a first approximation, is between 50% and 100% of ET0, and therefore the critical SWP for defining irrigation frequency should be close to −0.5 MPa. Upon applying a post-harvest drought period (14 days without irrigation), a linear correlation was determined both between SWP and maximum daily trunk shrinkage, MDS (R2 = 0.69) and between SWP and trunk growth rate, TGR (R2 = 0.57). Using these correlations and the SWP reference value, reference values were obtained for MDS (165 μm) and TGR (83 μm day−1), which would permit automated control of water status in young cherry trees. 相似文献
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为了充分发挥甘薯新品种龙薯一号的优良种性,加快新品种的推广步伐,通过建立脱毒繁育技术体系及综合配套高产栽培技术等措施,可较大幅度提高产量及改善品质,2001年至今在南方薯区试种、示范15.85hm2,社会经济效益显著。 相似文献
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选用 9个普甜玉米 (ZeamaysL saccharataSturt)自交系作测验种 ,用新选育的 10个普甜玉米自交系作待测系 ,采用NCⅡ交配设计和相关分析的方法 ,对待测系的配合力测定中测验种最少数目进行研究。结果表明 :若对测验种加以筛选 ,被筛选出的测验种只用其中一个 ,就能较准确地测定待测系的产量一般配合力 (GCA) ;若对测验种不加筛选 ,则能够准确地测定待测系产量GCA的最少测验种数目为 3个。对 8个农艺性状进行测验种测定效果评价时 ,株高、生育期、穗重、穗长、穗粗、行粒数及千粒重对测验种的选择不太严格 ;而秃尖长对测验种的选择严格 相似文献
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龙岩7—3自育成以来,至今还在全国各地大面积推广应用,表现出高产、稳产、适应性广和商品性好等特点。该品种在福建连城县甘薯种植1万多公顷中占80%,是龙岩连城县地瓜干最主要的原材料来源。文中介绍了其选育、特征特性及加工利用。 相似文献
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利用离子束诱变技术进行甜高粱品种和酵母菌种的选育,旨在甜高粱燃料乙醇产业化的有效开发。对离子束诱变技术的原理及其在植物、微生物诱变育种方面的应用进展进行了简要概述,并对中科院近代物理研究所在甜高粱燃料乙醇产业化研发中对重离子诱变育种的初步应用进行介绍和展望。 相似文献