甜菜抗丛根病新品种内甜抗202的选育

内甜抗202（原名内101）是多胚型二倍体抗丛根病杂交种。父母本按1：3比例自然杂交而成。该品种在内蒙古自治区甜菜品种抗病区域试验中。平均块根产量40954．5kg／hm^2．比对照品种甜研303提高81．07％;含糖率16.38％。比对照品种提高2．05度;产糖量6729kg／hm^2,比对照品种提高109．4％,丛根病病情指数0．13,比对照品种降低0．22。在内蒙古自治区甜菜品种普通组生产试验中．块根产量和产糖量分别比对照提高48．71％和47．81％。含糖率比对照降低0．10度;该品种达到丰产型品种标准。在内蒙古自治区甜菜品种抗病组生产试验中,块根产量、含糖率、产糖量分刺比对照提高156％、1．39度、181．25％,丛根病病情指数比对照降低0.48．达到丰产、抗丛根病型品种标准。     

Spectral vegetation indices for benchmarking water productivity of irrigated cotton and sugarbeet crops

Irrigation performance and water productivity can be benchmarked if estimates of spatially distributed yield and crop water use are available. A commonly used method to estimate crop evapotranspiration in irrigated areas is to multiply reference evapotranspiration values by appropriate crop coefficients. This study evaluated convenient ways to derive such coefficients using multispectral vegetation indices obtained by remote sensing. Detailed ground radiometric measurements were taken in small plots perpendicular to the crop rows to obtain canopy reflectance values. Ancillary measurements of green ground cover, plant height, leaf area index and biomass were taken in the cropped strip covered by the radiometer field-of-view. The results were up-scaled using 10 Landsat-5 and 1 Landsat-7 images. Crop measurements and ground radiometry were made at the time of Landsat overpass on two commercial fields, one grown with sugarbeet and the other with cotton. Crop height and ground cover were determined weekly in these two fields, three additional sugarbeet fields and one additional cotton field. The ground and satellite observations of canopy reflectance yielded similar results. Two vegetation indices, the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and the soil adjusted vegetation index (SAVI) were evaluated. Both indices described the crop growth well, but SAVI was used in further evaluations because it could be conveniently related to both ground cover and the basal crop coefficient using a simple model. Based on these findings, crop water use variability was analyzed in a large sample of sugarbeet and cotton fields, within a homogeneous irrigation scheme in Southern Spain. The yield versus evapotranspiration data points were highly scattered for both cotton and sugarbeet. The yield values obtained from the sugarbeet fields and cotton fields were substantially lower than values predicted by a linear yield function, and close to a curvilinear yield function, respectively. Evapotranspired water productivity varied in the cotton fields from 0.3 to 0.78 kg m⁻³, and in the sugarbeet fields from 7.15 to 14.8 kg m⁻³.     

甜菜抗旱性评价体系及抗旱育种研究进展

综述了植物抗旱性评价体系研究进展及甜菜抗旱育种方面的研究进展,为建立甜菜抗旱鉴定评价体系,筛选抗旱型甜菜品种提供参考;密切关注这方面的研究进展,有助于甜菜抗旱节水育种方面的研究,提高甜菜对气候变暖、干旱加剧的适应能力。     

我国甜菜抗逆性研究进展

从盐、水、温度、病害等方面综述了甜菜抗逆性研究进展,并对其研究前景进行了展望。     

甜菜种,肥分层机播技术研究

本文讨论了甜菜的种、肥分层机播技术.在同等条件下使用该项技术,甜菜生育前期的生长势显著增强,与种、肥混播的耧种甜菜相比,株高、叶片数、叶面积和叶面积指数等四项指标均有较大幅度提高,定植时株距的变异系数明显小于耧播;甜菜块根产量增加15%以上,含糖率略有提高.     

河西走廊灌区间作套种下甜菜规范化栽培技术研究

１９８９～１９９０年在甘肃省河西走廊灌区的３个县（市），研究了甜菜种植密度、氮、磷用量栽培因子对甜菜间作套种后的产质量及亩产糖全的影响。并建立了相应的实用数学模型，经计算机模拟综合进优得出了河西灌区甜菜小麦间作套种的栽培模式及主要技术规范。经大田生产验证，可获取亩产２５０～３６０ｋｇ小麦、２．５～３ｔ甜菜（含糖率１７％以上），本项研究为粮糖双丰收开辟了新途径。     

甜菜工艺有害物质的遗传变异与选择

利用３年品种比较试验资料进行了甜菜工艺有害物质钾、钠、氨基氮含量的遗传力、变异系数、遗传进度以及３性状和根产量、含糖率相关系数等遗传参数的估算。结果广义遗传力的大小顺序为Ｋ＞Ｎａ＞ＡｍＮ、遗传变异系数的大小顺序为Ｎａ＞ＡｍＮ＞Ｋ。以５％的选择强度进行选择，Ｋ、Ｎａ、ＡｍＮ含量可分别降低１．３１、１．１１和０．６２ｍｍｏｌ／ｇ甜菜。Ｋ、Ｎａ、ＡｍＮ含量与根产量的遗传相关为正相关，与含糖率呈负相关．降低工艺有害物质的含量，可选育出单位面积可回收糖量高的甜菜品种。     

甜菜参数综合处理软件包的设计与实现

本软件包（ＳＰＴＩ）能完成甜菜育种试验过程各项参数的自动检测和存储，并根据不同的田间试验方法及数据处理要求，对各参数项进行快速、准确的处理。处理结果以图或表形式给出。该软件包为一实用的软件工具，应用于甜菜育种试验，对各参数的检测、统计分析可节省大量的人力、物力。     

甜菜新品种甘糖三号的选育

甜菜新品种甘糖三号是以两个抗病高糖品系杂交而成的二倍体甜菜新品种，其亲本品系采用系统选育的方法。该品种块根产量高，工艺品质好，抗黄化毒病和白粉病，经区试结果，平均块根产量比对照增产１０．４％，含糖率（１８．１６％）提高０．４５％，产糖量比对照增加１３．１％。     

甜菜胞质雄性不育系与其保持系某些酶活性的差异

以甜菜3个细胞质雄性不育系及其相应保持系为材料,对营养生长阶段叶片中的过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶和酸性磷酸酯酶活性进行了研究,结果表明：在营养生长阶段的4个时期,保持系中的过氧化物酶和酸性磷酸酯酶活性均高于其相应不育系;过氧化氢酶活性表现为在块根分化形成期,不育系中的活性高于其相应保持系,而在糖分积累期则为保持系高于不育系。