Effects of GH gene polymorphism and sex on carcass traits and fatty acid compositions in Japanese Black cattle

To investigate the effects of bovine growth hormone (bGH) gene polymorphism on carcass traits and fatty acid compositions in Japanese Black cattle caused by nucleotide substitution of CTG (allele A)/GTG (allele B) at codon 127 and of ACG (allele A and B)/ATG (allele C) at codon 172 of bGH, GH genotypes of 135 cattle were determined using allele specific-multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Allele A gave greater rib thickness and lower melting point of fat (MP) while allele B gave higher C18:1% ( P  < 0.05). Allele C gave higher C18:1, monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), unsaturated fatty acid (USFA) percentages ( P  < 0.05). It also gave lower saturated fatty acid (SFA) percentages, higher MUFA/SFA and USFA/SFA ratios, and lower MP ( P  < 0.05). Interactions of sex and GH alleles were analyzed. In heifers, allele A gave higher carcass weight, daily carcass gain, rib eye area, rib thickness, subcutaneous fat thickness, and BMS while allele B gave greater rib eye area and rib thickness ( P  < 0.05). Allele C gave higher C18:1 ( P  < 0.01), MUFA ( P  < 0.01), USFA percentages ( P  < 0.05) and MUFA/SFA and USFA/SFA ratios ( P  < 0.01), and lower C16:0 and SFA percentages ( P  < 0.05) and MP ( P  < 0.01). GH gene polymorphism affected carcass traits and fatty acid compositions although the effects were more pronounced in heifers.     

小麦RIL群体遗传连锁图谱的构建及其多态性分析

以普通小麦重组近交系(recombinant inbred lines,RIL)‘Q9086×陇鉴19’为作图群体,利用SSR标记构建小麦遗传连锁图谱.结果表明:通过选用2 187对SSR引物筛选出RIL群体双亲表现多态性的引物共405对,多态性频率为18.52%.不同类型SSR标记多态性频率从小到大依次为Xpsp(4.4%)相似文献   

利用ITS和SRAP分子标记对黑龙江省野生黑木耳菌株进行遗传多样性分析

利用ITS和SRAP标记对黑龙江省境内采集的14株野生黑木耳菌株和一个南方栽培菌株进行遗传多样性分析.ITS序列分析结果显示:供试菌株的ITS序列变异程度较小,仅存在碱基的变化,无区域长度变异,菌株之间的遗传差异较小.利用8对引物对15个供试菌株进行SRAP扩增,共得到215条条带,其中155条为多态性条带,多态性比率...     

橡实象虫及其近缘种基于线粒体DNA COⅡ基因的分子系统学研究

橡实象虫(Curculio arakawai)是危害柞树果实(橡实)和嫩芽的主要害虫。基于探索害虫的系统发育和遗传进化机制的目的,以线粒体DNA(mitochondrial DNA,mtDNA)编码的细胞色素氧化酶Ⅱ(cytochrome oxidaseⅡ,COⅡ)基因作为分子标记,对橡实象虫及10个近缘种昆虫进行分子系统学研究。序列分析表明:橡实象虫及10个近缘种的mtDNA COⅡ基因序列全长687bp(不同橡实象虫样本获得的目的基因在GenBank的登录号包括GU945544、GU945545、GU945546),共编码228个氨基酸;mtDNA COⅡ基因表现出明显的A+T含量偏向性,密码子不同位点碱基的使用也存在明显的A+T含量偏向性,mtD-NA COⅡ基因的碱基颠换数总体上高于转换数,颠换主要发生在A←→T间,转换主要发生在T←→C间。遗传变异分析表明,橡实象虫及10个近缘种的核苷酸多态性位点百分率为39.7%,氨基酸突变率为30.3%。分别采用UPGMA法、NJ法和MP法构建橡实象虫及10个近缘种间的COⅡ基因系统进化树,各物种间的拓扑关系虽然稍有差异,但系统进化关系却完全一致,即物种间分别以所在的属聚在一起,形成Curculio、Ceutorhynchus和Peritelus3个属群,其中Curculio属和Ceutorhynchus属的系统进化关系较近,二者聚在一起形成一大支,而Peritelus属单独形成一支。     

Interaction of polymorphisms of ICAM-1 gene K469E and MCP-1 gene -2518A/G in invasion and metastasis of gastric carcinoma

AIM: To investigate the interaction of polymorphisms of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) gene K469E and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) gene -2518A/G in the invasion and metastasis of gastric carcinoma. METHODS: Based on TNM classification, 4 500 patients with confirmed gastric carcinoma from the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University in China from December 2009 to November 2014 were divided into stageⅠ group, stage Ⅱgroup, stage Ⅲ group, stage Ⅳ group, and stage 0 group, with 900 cases in each group. No significant difference among the 5 groups in age, gender, ethnicity, birthplace and living habit was observed. The genetic polymorphisms of ICAM-1 gene K469E and MCP-1 gene -2518A/G were analyzed by the technique of polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in peripheral blood leukocytes of above-mentioned cases. RESULTS: Statistical tests showed signi-ficant differences in the frequencies of K469E (EE) and -2518A/G (GG) among each group (P<0.01). The risk of the invasion and metastasis of gastric carcinoma significantly increased in subjects with K469E (EE) genotype and in those with -2518A/G (GG) genotype. Combined analysis of the polymorphisms showed that distribution frequency of K469E (EE)/-2518A/G (GG) in stage Ⅰ group, stage Ⅱ group, stage Ⅲ group, stage Ⅳ group and stage 0 group was 39.22%, 53.22%, 59.22, 65.44% and 12.11%, respectively (P<0.01). The people who carried with K469E (EE)/-2518A/G (GG) had a high risk of the invasion and metastasis of gastric carcinoma, and statistical analysis suggested a positive interaction in a super-multiplicative model between K469E (EE) and -2518A/G (GG) in increasing the risk of the invasion and metastasis of gastric carcinoma. CONCLUSION: ICAM-1 gene K469E (EE) and MCP-1 gene -2518A/G (GG) are the risk factors in the invasion and metastasis of gastric carcinoma, and significant interactions between genetic polymorphisms of K469E and -2518A/G added the risk of the invasion and metastasis of gastric carcinoma.     

西瓜核心种质遗传多样性分析及指纹图谱构建

深入了解西瓜核心种质资源的群体结构及遗传多样性,可以准确指导亲本间杂交组合的有效配置,避免具有相似遗传背景材料的组合,以便提高育种效率.据此,本研究通过采用45对具有多态性的SSR标记对不同来源的78份西瓜核心种质进行了多元统计分析.结果表明,45个SSR标记共检测出175个位点,其中具有多态性位点数为165个,多态性...     

贵州地方猪BF基因的群体遗传特性分析

以BF基因为候选基因,利用PCR和直接测序技术对贵州白香猪、可乐猪、大约克猪3个品种共95个个体BF基因外显子15、16、17的733 bp进行多态性分析,并对不同品种进行群体遗传学分析。结果显示:在第16外显子45 bp处存在A→C的碱基突变,命名为BF-exon16-A45C,导致编码的氨基酸由谷氨酸(Glu)突变为天冬氨酸(Asp);在贵州白香猪和可乐猪群体内均检测到AA、AC和CC三种基因型,在大约克猪群体内只检测到AC和CC两种基因型,贵州白香猪处于低度多态,可乐猪和大约克猪处于中度多态。经χ2适合性检验表明:贵州白香猪在该位点偏离了Hardy-Weinberg遗传平衡状态,可乐猪和大约克猪均处于Hardy-Weinberg遗传平衡状态。     

动物DGAT基因的研究进展

DGAT基因包括二酰基甘油酰基转移酶1（DGAT1）基因和二酰基甘油酰基转移酶2（DGAT2）基因,前者属于酰基辅酶A胆固醇酰基转移酶（ACAT）基因家族,后者属于单酰甘油酰基转移酶（MGAT）基因家族,分别编码微粒体酶DGAT1和DGAT2,这两种酶控制着甘油三酯的合成,均是定位于内质网的跨膜蛋白,其膜拓扑结构具有与其他蛋白质和细胞器相互作用的能力,影响脂肪代谢及脂类在组织中的沉积,参与调节动物机体的能量合成和分解代谢,影响心脏和肝脏中甘油三酯的代谢;同时DGAT基因的多态性影响着牛乳中脂肪的含量及泌乳量。因此,了解DGAT基因的结构和生物学功能对畜禽生长发育和生产等相关研究具有重要的意义。文章简述了DGAT基因的基本结构和生物学功能及相关的作用机制,分析了其在畜牧生产中的基础应用,如参与哺乳动物生产调控的脂肪沉积、乳脂含量等方面的研究进展。     

48份玉米自交系的SSR遗传多样性分析

利用SSR标记对48个黑龙江省玉米自交系进行遗传多样性分析,初步进行了杂种优势群划分。从100对SSR引物中筛选取20对扩增带清晰且具有稳定多态性的引物。结果表明:20对引物在供试材料中共检测出105个等位基因变异,平均每对引物检测到等位基因数位5.25个,变化范围在3~7个,多态性信息含量变化范围为0.405~0.793,平均多态性信息量为0.664。48个自交系之间的遗传相似系数变化范围为0.400~0.905。UPGMA聚类分析结果表明:供试自交系被划分为5大类群,聚类结果与系谱分析基本一致。因此,SSR标记可以进行玉米自交系遗传变异分析,并用于杂种优势群的划分。     

中国水牛血红蛋白多态性及命名研究

采用醋酸纤维薄膜法首次系统分析了中国１２个水牛地方类群１０７１头水牛的血红蛋白多态性。结果表明，中国水牛血红蛋白受Ｈｂ＾Ａ，Ｈｂ＾Ｂ，Ｈｂ＾Ｃ３个等位基因控制，其频率分别为０．０７６１，０．８８５２和０．０３８７，Ｈｂ＾Ｃ基因系首次命名。聚类分析表明，中国水牛名地方类群间亲缘关系较近。