刺梨有机酸组分及抗坏血酸含量分析

 【目的】明确刺梨有机酸各组分及抗坏血酸含量。【方法】以‘贵农5号’为材料,采用HPLC方法分析刺梨有机酸组分以及不同器官内、果实发育和采后贮藏过程中主要有机酸各组分及抗坏血酸含量的变化。【结果】刺梨果实中主要含有苹果酸、乳酸、酒石酸、柠檬酸、草酸和琥珀酸6种有机酸组分和较高含量的抗坏血酸;不同器官有机酸含量分析发现,根主要含乳酸和酒石酸,茎和叶中乳酸含量较高,而花中主要积累琥珀酸。果实发育过程中各有机酸组分均不同程度表现出先升高后降低趋势,而抗坏血酸含量则一直呈增加态势;成熟果实内,抗坏血酸含量显著高于任一种有机酸组分,约占总酸量的67%;6种有机酸组分中,苹果酸含量最高（约占有机酸总量的53%）。研究还发现,不同贮藏温度对刺梨果实有机酸含量有较大影响。【结论】从有机酸组分分析,刺梨是一种以苹果酸为主要有机酸的果实类型,但抗坏血酸的含量高于所有有机酸组分的总量。这种高抗坏血酸含量特点是刺梨果实独特的营养标志。     

刺玫蔷薇茎中二氢槲皮素的提取

探索了从刺玫蔷薇茎中提取二氢槲皮素的工艺,考察了提取温度、提取剂浓度、料液比、时间4个因素对二氢槲皮素得率的影响。通过正交试验确定最佳条件:提取温度为30℃,丙酮浓度为70%,料液比为1∶16,提取时间为4h。     

野生黄木香的离体培养及其再生体系研究

以野生黄木香茎段为外植体,探讨了不同生长调节物质对其不定芽诱导、增殖和生根的影响,并建立了野生黄木香的高效再生体系。结果表明,利于野生黄木香分化的诱导培养基为M S+A gNO33.0 m g/L+6-BA1.5 m g/L+NAA 0.5 m g/L+琼脂6.5 g/L+蔗糖30 g/L;以M S+A gNO33.0 m g/L+6-BA 1.5 m g/L+NAA0.05 m g/L+琼脂6.5 g/L+蔗糖30 g/L为增殖培养基时的增殖效果最好,增殖倍数为5.5;黄木香高效的再生体系为1/2 M S+A gNO34.5 m g/L+IBA 0.2 m g/L+质量分数0.2%活性炭+琼脂4.0 g/L+蔗糖20 g/L,其生根率可达95%。     

多花蔷薇花挥发油化学成分的GC／MS分析

本文采用ＧＣ／ＭＳ技术，分析了经并时蒸馏萃取装置获得的多花蔷薇挥发油化学成分。共鉴定出２８种化合物，为开发、利用这一野生资源提供了科学依据。     

白玫瑰挥发油化学成分的研究

本研究采用GC/MS/DS联用技术,分析了白玫瑰花挥发油的化学成分。从分离的的44化合物中,鉴定了41个组分,占挥发油总含量的97.64%。白玫瑰挥发油的主要成分是β—笨乙醇,含量高达86.53%,其次是丁香酚(4.75%)和香叶醇(2.45%)。     

玫瑰嫁接苗快速繁育技术的研究

采用加温及激素处理、接穗贮藏等措施，研究了冬季室内嫁接育苗、春季芽接育苗及秋季绿枝嫁接育苗的技术方法．结果表明嫁接成活率分别是对照的１．１７倍、０．９３倍和１．２２倍，成苗率分别提高２５．５％、２３．９％和１４．８％，育苗周期缩短一年，产苗量增加一倍，平均育苗效率为对照的６．４倍．     

Changes of Endogenous Hormone Contents in Fruit, Seeds and Their Effects on the Fruit Development of Rosa roxburghii

The fruit of cultivar Guinong5 (Rosa roxburghii Tratt. ) was used to investigate the regularity of its growth and development, and the changes of endogenous hormone contents during the period of the growth and development. The result showed that contents of GA1+3, IAA and ZRs in the flower receptacle of young fruit were high and then decreased, contents of GA1+3 and IAA in seeds increased with its development until maturity. The contents of ZRs and ABA in the flower receptacle of young fruits and seeds were high, and then had a tendency of descent with the development of fruits. The contents of GA1+3, IAA, ZRs and ABA in flower receptacle of young fruit with normal fertilization were much higher than those of in non-fertilization fruits. In the flower receptacle of malformed fruits, the contents of GA1+3, IAA and ZRs in normally developing flower receptacle were significantly higher than those in malformed fruits. The growth and development of fruits depended largely on the seeds, development because the seeds in the fruits with non-fertilization failed to be formed or even formed but irreproducible, which would lead to the decrease of GA1+3, IAA contents and the abnormal development of fruits. Therefore the fruits deformed and dropped inevitably.     

水土保持植物──刺梨的早实丰产研究

该根据定位观测和实地调查资料，分析了刺梨的生长状况与生态条件的关系，在汉中地区连续进行的刺梨栽培技术研究表明：刺梨生长与土壤含水量，气温，施肥，良种，栽培技术有密切关系。为了达到早实丰产，特提出相应的刺梨栽培措施。     

Postharvest water relations in cut rose cultivars with contrasting sensitivity to high relative air humidity during growth

A constant high relative air humidity (RH) during cultivation can strongly reduce the vase life in some cut rose cultivars. We studied three contrasting cultivars in their tolerance to high RH in order to analyse in detail the water relations during postharvest and better understand this genotypic variation. Plants were grown at moderate (60%) and high (95%) RH, and cut flowers were placed in water immediately after cutting. Flowers of cv. Pink Prophyta grown at high RH did not open throughout vase life, while flower opening of cvs. Frisco and Dream was not affected by preharvest RH. Cultivation at high RH resulted in about 80% shorter vase life in Pink Prophyta, whereas in Dream and Frisco the negative effect was considerably smaller (15 and 9% shorter vase life, respectively). The shorter vase life and reduced flower opening of cut roses grown at high RH was due to a higher rate of transpiration both in the light and dark periods. It was found that the leaves of Pink Prophyta grown at high RH could partly close their stomata upon lowering of the water potential or when flower stalks were fed with abscisic acid, but stomata remained far more open than in leaves grown at moderate RH. The RH during cultivation did not affect stem hydraulic conductivity and its recovery after air emboli induction. Preventing vascular occlusion largely alleviated the high-cultivation-RH effect on vase life and flower opening, showing that the effect of high-cultivation-RH becomes only important if water uptake is limited.