香菇芦笋复合饮料的研制

利用香菇和芦笋的下脚料加工配制的复合饮料具有香菇和芦笋和芦笋特有的香味,口感纯正,效果很好。     

蘑菇培养料加入864菌液发酵与二次发酵的效果比较

通过加入８６４菌液发酵和二次发酵栽培蘑菇的试验,比较培养料中微生物群落、培养料成份及产菇量,说明加入８６４菌液发酵是代替二次发酵栽培蘑菇的较好方法。     

Preliminary studies on the early quality identification ofAuricularia auricular

In production industry ofAuricularia auricular, the varieties quality is most important impact factor on output. For evaluating the early quality of the edible fungus, 9 varieties ofAuricularia auricular (Au9, CF09, CF05, 29, 916, chang10, chang7, Au.Japanese and 8808) were cultured on the medium consists of potato dextrose agar (PDA) and sawdust to test their mycelium growth rate, endurance to high temperature, resistance to mildew, assimilation of nutriment, and resistance to drought. The result showed that the mycelium of Chang 10, CF09, 29 and Au.Japanese varieties had the eminent characteristics such as short lifespan, stronger assimilation of nutriment, and endurance to high temperature and steady growth. These four varieties are determined as superiority varieties ofAuricularia auricular in accordance with the research results. Foundation item: The research was supported by Science Fund of Northeast Forestry University (2004). Biography: Li Ling (1964-), female, Engineer in Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, P. R. China. Responsible editor: Zhu Hong     

Changes in carbohydrase activities during vegetative growth and development of fruit-bodies of Hypsizygus marmoreus grown in sawdust-based culture

Carbohydraseproduction of Hypsizygus marmoreus cultured on sawdust rice bran medium by bottle cultivation was investigated to elucidate the carbohydrase utilized as the growth substrate for the fruit-body formation of this fungus. Among the extracellular enzymes assayed, xylanase showed the highest activity. This activity greatly increased during the end of vegetative mycelial growth and fruit-body formation. Among the cellulases. CM-cellulase showed higher activity than avicelase. The activities of -1,3-glucanase, amylase, and chitinase were low. Among the intracellular enzymes, both xylanase and amylase showed higher activity levels than the other carbohydrases. In contrast, -1,3-glucanase, avicelase, and chitinase activities in mycelia were considerably lower. These results suggest that xylanase, CM-cellulase, and amylase play an important role in mycelial maturation and fruit-body growth of H. marmoreus.     

全自动香菇剪柄机研究

针对香菇初加工工艺繁琐劳动强度大,香菇初加工机械自动化程度低,剪切工艺不统一等问题,研制开发出一款自动化香菇初加工机械。该设备能够实现香菇的上料、定位、清洗、剪切、除杂、分离和回收连续化操作。由于香菇的生长受环境因素的影响较大,致使香菇的大小形态各异,因此香菇的定位一直是技术难点。该设备结合香菇的密度特性和其大致形状均呈雨伞状的特点,运用流体浮力的特性实现香菇的随行定位,由带式擒纵机构将其从流动水域内打捞进入剪切机构,分别进行香菇的菌柄、菌帽和杂质的分离处理,最终完成香菇初加工工艺。     

Mushroom picking does not impair future harvests - results of a long-term study in Switzerland

Forest fungi not only have important functions within the forest ecosystem, but picking their fruit bodies is also a popular past time, as well as a source of income in many developing and developed countries. The expansion of commercial harvesting in many parts of the world has led to widespread concern about overharvesting and possible damage to fungal resources. In 1975, we started a field research project to investigate the effects of mushroom picking on fruit body occurrence. The three treatments applied were the harvesting techniques picking and cutting, and the concomitant trampling of the forest floor. The results reveal that, contrary to expectations, long-term and systematic harvesting reduces neither the future yields of fruit bodies nor the species richness of wild forest fungi, irrespective of whether the harvesting technique was picking or cutting. Forest floor trampling does, however, reduce fruit body numbers, but our data show no evidence that trampling damaged the soil mycelia in the studied time period.     

时间对三种食用菌总糖含量测定的影响

采用苯酚-硫酸法测定猴头菇、真姬菇、茶树菇三种食用菌中的总糖含量,且比较水浴回流时间和超声波提取时间对食用菌中总糖含量测定结果的影响。结果表明,猴头菇、真姬菇、茶树菇中总糖的含量分别为6.98%、9.625%及7.165%。且食用菌总糖测定条件为水浴回流3h为最佳。     

"烟-稻-菇"生态种植模式浅析

经过“烟—稻—菇”的生产模式的实践证明，该模式能合理地最大限度地利用当地的光、温、水等自然条件，废弃物能循环利用，低投入高产出，钱粮双收，是一条适合农业持续发展的生态农业种植模式。     

不同食品添加剂抑制双孢菇褐变的研究

试验优选了抑制双孢菇褐变的最佳抑制剂及抑制剂的复合。单因素试验表明:不同抑制剂对双孢菇褐变都有一定的抑制作用,效果最好的是苯甲酸,其次是柠檬酸和异抗坏血酸钠,而NaCl、EDTA、环糊精单独使用抗褐变效果不明显;抑制剂两两复合使用时,抑制效果普遍较好,其中抑制褐变效果最好的是柠檬酸和异抗坏血酸钠的复合。利用单因素优选出的3种最佳抑制剂进行正交试验,结果表明:当柠檬酸0.80%、苯甲酸0.30%、异抗坏血酸钠0.70%复合时抑制效果最佳,抑制率达79.12%。     

秦香1号香菇最佳营养生长条件研究

对秦香1号香菇营养生长研究结果表明，其最佳生长温度为25℃；适宜pH为5－10，最佳培养料含水量为60％，最佳碳源为麦芽糖，最佳氮源为酵母膏，耐高温38℃48h，与9015香菇，135香菇，939香菇，241－4香菇菌株均有拮抗现象。