蓝藻介导磁聚物化学强化一级处理低浓度生活污水的研究

通过壳聚糖-超纯磁铁矿粉磁聚物对低浓度生活污水化学强化一级处理并利用磁场将絮体收集实验得出,引入蓝藻充当媒介,可使絮体大而密实,有助于水体污染物的去除。引入超纯磁铁矿粉,可使形成的絮体带有强磁性,便于借助外磁场快速移出水体,从而为固液分离提供一种新的工艺思路。     

紫花苜蓿与不同生活型多年生禾本科牧草混播生长生理特征

本研究通过测定紫花苜蓿分别与3种生活型禾草混播草地牧草生产力和生理指标对混播成分和比例的响应,为建植可持续高产的混播草地提供理论依据。结果显示：混播紫花苜蓿和苇状羊茅MDA含量减小,抗逆能力和光合能力增强;建植初期混播草地早熟禾MDA含量大于单播,抗逆生理和光合生理指标在豆禾比为7∶3时小于单播,5∶5和3∶7时大于单播;混播无芒雀麦MDA含量大于单播,抗氧化指标在豆禾比为7∶3时小于单播,5∶5和3∶7时大于单播,渗透调节物质含量和光合生理指标大于单播,说明紫花苜蓿与苇状羊茅混播时二者生理协同效应较好,建植初期豆禾比为7∶3时紫花苜蓿对草地早熟禾和无芒雀麦有种间竞争胁迫,适当下调紫花苜蓿比例有利于草地早熟禾和无芒雀麦生长。隶属函数评价结果显示紫花苜蓿与丛生型苇状羊茅3∶7混播时两种牧草生理表现最好,增产率和产量最高。     

棘托竹荪的生物学特征

棘托竹荪的生物学特征周崇莲（中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所沈阳１１００１５）曾德容（湖南合同县政协会同４１８３００）关键词棘托竹荪，形态特征，生态习性，营养成份１９８５年对湖南会同县的竹荪进行野外调查时，采到一种不同于竹荪（Ｄｉｃｔｙｏｐｈｏｒａｉｎｄ...     

引种栽培西蒙得木的适应性研究Ⅰ——生物学习性观察及枯萎病研究

概述了西蒙得木的经济价值和国内外发展状况,根据在云南发展中出现连续枯萎死亡的现象,首先研究了生物学习性和生态适应性,分离接种了来自病健根的菌类,得到的4种镰刀菌都要在根系衰弱时才能侵染根系,引起根系衰弱的原因需要进一步研究。     

板栗新品系幼树发枝结果习性观测及修剪试验

经对24个板栗新品系幼树的发枝结果习性进行观测,结果表明,新品系平均结果枝占当年萌发枝的50%以上,且连续结果性能好,达到国家板栗丰产选种标准.对24个板栗新品系幼树1年生健壮枝作轻剪、中剪、重剪和不剪(缓放)4种修剪方法的试验,结果表明,轻剪能显著促进幼树发枝和座果,中剪和缓放次之,重剪结实差,发枝少而壮.     

大栗鳃金龟生物学特性与防治研究

大栗鳃金龟自１９８５年首次在临夏太子山林区发生后，以５年为一周期于１９９０年、１９９５年定期发生。该虫以幼虫和成虫在土壤内越冬，也以幼虫和成虫对林木幼苗造成巨大为害。幼虫期采用５０％辛硫磷乳剂６００倍液、８０％敌敌畏乳剂６００倍液，防治效果达９０％以上。成虫期采用黑光灯诱杀、人工捕捉，２５％氧乐菊酿乳剂８００倍液或“６６６”烟剂防治，均能收到很好的效果。     

Energy and carbon dioxide (CO2) balance of logging residues as alternative energy resources: system analysis based on the method of a life cycle inventory (LCI) analysis

Using the method of a life cycle inventory (LCI) analysis, the energy balance and the carbon dioxide (CO₂) emission of logging residues from Japanese conventional forestry as alternative energy resources were analyzed over the entire life cycle of the residues. The fuel consumption for forestry machines was measured in field experiments for harvesting and transporting logging residues at forestry operating sites in Japan. In addition, a total audit of energy consumption was undertaken. It involved an assessment of materials, construction, and the repair and maintenance of forestry machines as well as the costs associated with an energy-conversion plant. As a result, the ratio of energy output to input was calculated to be 5.69, indicating that the system examined in this study could be feasible as an energy production system. The CO₂ emission per MWh_e (e: electricity) of the biomass-fired power generation plant was calculated to be 61.8kgCO₂/MWh_e, while that of coal-fired power generation plants in Japan is 960kgCO₂/MWh_e. Therefore, the reduction in the amount of CO₂ emission that would result from replacing coal with biomass for power generation by as much as 3.0 million dry-t/year of logging residues in Japan was estimated to be 1.66 million tCO₂/year, corresponding to 0.142% of the national CO₂ emission. This study provides evidence that Japan could reduce its domestic CO₂ emission by using logging residues as alternative energy resources.     

帽儿山地区金龟类访花甲虫的调查分析

通过对黑龙江帽儿山地区金龟类访花甲虫种类的初步调查,结果表明,访花金龟共有15种,其中花金龟科有7种(46.67%),丽金龟科5种(33.33%),斑金龟科2种(13.33%),鳃金龟科1种(6.67%);优势种3种:短毛花金龟、小青花金龟和白星花金龟。金龟类访花优势种,主要访问的植物种类有:珍珠梅、深山唐松草、柳叶绣线菊、鸡树条荚蒾、蚊子草等。并对金龟类访花甲虫对花的选择特征进行了总结。     

鱼食性与肠道菌群关系的初步研究

对淡水养殖池中的乌鳢、鲢鱼、鳊鱼、鲫鱼不同食性鱼的后肠菌群进行了定性、定量分析,结果表明:四种鱼的后肠壁和后肠内容物都是厌氧菌总数远大于好氧菌总数;后肠内容物菌数远大于后肠壁菌数;不同的鱼,后肠壁的好氧菌总数差别很大,而厌氧菌总数差别不大;后肠内容物中的厌氧菌总数和好氧菌总数为:乌鳢>鲫鱼>鲢鱼>鳊鱼;而后肠壁细菌含量与食物没有明显的关系;后肠内容物和后肠壁中的双歧杆菌数为:乌鳢>鲫鱼>鲢鱼>鳊鱼。表明后肠内容物中的细菌总数、后肠内容物和后肠壁中的双歧杆菌数都与食性相关。大肠杆菌、肠球菌和乳酸菌在后肠的分布没有规律,说明它们与食物相关性不强。