施肥对桑叶品质的影响

在大田条件下研究了施肥对桑叶品质的影响 ,多年多点的试验结果表明 ,在土壤养分缺乏的桑园施用相应的缺素养分总体上有改善桑叶品质的作用。N、P、K、S、Mg、B等 6种养分的施用均明显提高桑叶必需氨基酸含量和氨基酸总量 ;N、K、S、B肥有提高桑叶蛋白质的作用 ,Mg对蛋白质的影响作用很小 ;N、Mg、B肥有提高桑叶全糖含量的作用 ,P、K肥则会降低全糖含量 ,S对桑叶全糖含量的影响不大 ;N、P、K肥施用有提高桑叶中脂肪含量的作用 ,而S、Mg、B肥的作用则相反。结果还显示 ,同一种养分在不同试验中对桑叶某一具体品质参数的影响大小及影响方向不尽相同 ,表明施肥对桑叶品质的作用还受其他因素影响。     

禾本科牧草K~+/Na~+与其耐盐性的关系

耐盐牧草有选择性吸收Ｋ＋的能力,通过比较在相同盐份中生长的不同牧草种的叶片Ｋ＋／Ｎａ＋,可鉴定出种间耐盐性,Ｋ＋／Ｎａ＋值大的材料耐盐性强。     

小型猪复合麻醉剂对大鼠不同脑区突触体Na+,K+-ATP酶活性的影响

研究Na+,K+-ATP酶与小型猪复合麻醉剂全麻作用的关系,以判断该酶是否为该制剂作用的靶位之一.试验选取84只SD大鼠,先随机抽取12只为对照组,其余随机均分为高剂量小型猪复合麻醉剂组(腹腔注射(ip) 7.5 mg/kg)和低剂量小型猪复合麻醉剂组(5mg/kg),每个剂量组又随机均分为麻醉组、恢复Ⅰ组和恢复Ⅱ组等3个亚组.对照组注射生理盐水10 mL/kg,5 min后断头取材;麻醉组、恢复Ⅰ组和恢复Ⅱ组分别在翻正反射消失即刻、翻正反射恢复即刻和大鼠可直线爬行后断头取材.迅速分离双侧大脑皮层、海马、小脑、脑干、丘脑,立即液氮冷冻.制备脑粗突触体,采用比色法测定Na+,K+-ATP酶活性.结果表明:2个剂量麻醉组大脑皮层、脑干和丘脑突触体Na+,K+-ATP酶活性受到明显抑制(P＜0.01或P＜0.05),高剂量组小脑该酶也发生明显变化(P＜0.05).在恢复期上述脑区的该酶活性呈现不同程度恢复,与对照组相比,差异不显著(P＞0.05),海马在2剂量组未发生明显的变化.小型猪复合麻醉剂的全麻作用与抑制小脑和丘脑突触体Na+,K+-ATP酶活性相关,说明此酶可能是小型猪复合麻醉剂全麻作用的靶位之一.     

Preliminary Studies on the Concentration of Na+,K+-ATPase in Skeletal Muscle of Draught Cattle in Mozambique: Effect of Sex,Age and Training

The effect of training on the potential for work in draught cattle was assessed by measuring the Na⁺,K⁺-ATPase in the muscle cell membrane and the elevation in the concentration of K⁺ in plasma during exercise. Biopsies of the semitendinosus muscle and venous blood samples were taken from the cattle used for draught work in Mozambique. No differences were found in the plasma ion or Na⁺,K⁺-ATPase concentrations in samples taken from Nguni, Africander and Angoni breeds. There were no significant differences in plasma ions (Na⁺, K⁺ and Cl^–) or muscle Na⁺,K⁺-ATPase concentrations between the Angoni males and females, although the males showed an increase in Na⁺,K⁺-ATPase with age, while the females showed a decrease. The increase in males might be attributed to their higher level of activity in the herds than that of females. After a training period of 15 days, a significant increase in Na⁺,K⁺-ATPase concentration in semitendinosus muscle was found in Angoni cattle. In females, this was significant after 8 days of training (about 30%); in males after 15 days of training (about 16%). On day 15, there was a reduction in the elevation of plasma K⁺ during the 2 h of draught work, indicating an increased capacity of the Na⁺,K⁺ pumps to maintain the extracellular K⁺ concentration in working muscles and a possible delay in the moment of fatigue.     

维生素K3对松浦镜鲤体成分、肉质和抗氧化能力的影响

本试验旨在研究饲料中添加不同水平的维生素K3 对松浦镜鲤体成分、肉质和抗氧化能力的影响.在以豆粕和鱼粉为蛋白质源的基础饲料(维生素K1 含量为0.54 mg/kg)中分别添加0、5、10、20、40、80和2 000 mg/kg的维生素K3(甲萘醌烟酰胺亚硫酸盐),配制成7种试验饲料.选取初始体重为(2.58±0.16...     

Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Ca2+-ATPase Activity and Glycogen Content in Various Fiber Types after Intensive Exercise in Thoroughbred Horses

To find a new parameter indicating muscle fitness in Thoroughbred horses, we examined time-dependent recovery of glycogen content and sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca²⁺-ATPase activity of skeletal muscle after intensive treadmill running. Two repeated 50-sec running sessions (13 m/sec) were performed on a flat treadmill (approximately 90%VO₂max). Muscle samples of the middle gluteal muscle were taken before exercise (pre) and 1 min, 20 min, 60 min, and 24 hr after exercise. Muscle fiber type composition was determined in the pre muscle samples by immunohistochemical staining with monoclonal antibody to myosin heavy chain. SR Ca²⁺-ATPase activity of the muscle and glycogen content of each muscle fiber type were determined with biochemical analysis and quantitative histochemical staining, respectively. As compared to the pre value, the glycogen content of each muscle fiber type was reduced by 15–27% at 1 min, 20 min, and 60 min after the exercise and recovered to the pre value at 24 hr after exercise test. These results indicate that 24 hr is enough time to recover glycogen content after short-term intensive exercise. The mean value of the SR Ca²⁺-ATPase activity showed a slight decrease (not significant) immediately after exercise, and complete recovery at 60 min after exercise. There were no significant relationship between the changes in glycogen content of each muscle fiber type and SR Ca²⁺-ATPase. Although further studies are needed, SR Ca²⁺-ATPase is not a useful parameter to detect muscle fitness, at least in Thoroughbred horses.     

黄芩汤对小鼠感染大肠杆菌血液细胞、生化指标及促炎因子的影响

探讨黄芩汤预防及治疗感染大肠杆菌K88小鼠的作用与机理。通过观察统计小鼠的死亡率,采用血常规检测小鼠血液中白细胞、红细胞及血小板的变化以及采用显色基质鲎试剂法和ELISA法检测小鼠血清中的IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α和LPS的变化。结果显示,预防试验中黄芩汤组小鼠死亡率为25%,治疗试验中黄芩汤组死亡率为40%,均极显著地低于对照组(P<0.01);黄芩汤组中小鼠血液中各项白细胞指标均极显著地低于对照组(P<0.01),各项红细胞指标均极显著地高于对照组(P<0.01),LPS及TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6的含量均极显著地低于对照组(P<0.01)。结果表明:黄芩汤对感染大肠杆菌K88小鼠有极显著的预防与治疗作用。     

mTOR对信号通路调控的研究进展

哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mTOR)信号通路是最近新出现的细胞内重要信号途径,该途径在进化上高度保守,主要通过PI3K/Akt/mTOR信号通路磷酸化激活来调控细胞分裂、促进转录、信号翻译等,从而控制蛋白合成来调节细胞生长。mTOR作为一种重要的调节基因通过调节细胞周期、蛋白质合成、细胞能量代谢等多种途径发挥重要的生理功能,在细胞增殖、生长、分化过程中起着中心调控点的作用。     

华东地区部分猪源大肠杆菌K88黏附素的生物学特性

近年来，从华东地区患腹泻仔猪中分离到一些表达K88菌毛的大肠杆菌，这些菌株只与K88a因子单抗反应，而不与b、c、d因子单抗反应。通过K88常规血清交叉吸收试验、SDS-PAGE、Western印迹，表明这些菌株不仅与K88ac参考菌株C83907制备的c因子血清反应，而且与以分离株SEC586制备且经K88ab、K88ac、K88ad参考菌株吸收后的血清也反应。对分离株SEC586、SEC464的K88主要亚单位结构基因faeG的克隆、测序，发现该基因由846对核苷酸组成，编码菌毛主要亚单位的262个氨基酸及21个氨基酸的信号肽，比国外报道的K88ac FaeG亚单位（263个氨基酸）少了1个氨基酸，比K88ab、K88ad（265个氨基酸）少了3个氨基酸。SEC586、SEC464菌株的FaeG亚单位氨基酸序列的同源性为97．7％，它们与K88ac的同源性为94．7％和96．2％；与K88ab的同源性为90．1％和91．2％；与K88ad的同源性为87．0％和88，6％。结果表明，新分离的K88ac大肠杆菌黏附素主要亚单位已发生了部分变异。     

不同退化程度下高寒草甸矮嵩草与高山嵩草有性繁殖特性研究

对不同退化程度下的矮嵩草和高山嵩草无性系繁殖特性进行了初步研究。结果表明不同退化程度下两种嵩草有性繁殖能力较弱,种子生产能力低,其中中度退化草地上高山嵩草每有效穗最高只产生2粒种子,重度退化草地矮嵩草每有效穗最高只产生3.6粒种子。