猪圆环病毒病的特点

在最近几年中,养猪业遇到了越来越多的疾病,药物使用量显著增加,也使养殖场主、养殖户和兽医师感到非常的困惑。目前已经证实,猪圆环病毒病(Porcine Circovirus diaease,PCVD)在世界上广泛存在。可以引起断奶仔猪助多系统衰竭综合征(PMWS)、猪皮炎-肾病综合征(Porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome,PDNS)和猪呼吸系统疾病症候群,给养猪业造成了巨大的经济损失。同时这一疾病常常与其他病毒或细菌性疾病发生混合感染,给猪病的防控带来了极大的困难。本文就猪圆环病毒病的某些特点作一简要论述。     

我国牦牛种群资源及其绒毛纤维特性的研究状况

为了充分利用我国牦牛资源,对我国牦牛分布状况,生产状况,牦牛绒纤维特性及应用状况进行了具体介绍与分析。     

12份苜蓿种质材料的氨基酸分析

以新疆大叶苜蓿品种为对照,对通过田间综合农艺特性评价筛选出的12份优良苜蓿种质材料分别进行了其盛花期第一茬草和再生草茎、叶及植株(全株)的氨基酸分析.结果表明盛花期刈割供试种质材料(包括对照)植株总氨基酸平均含量为11.83%,叶总氨基酸平均含量为17.99%,茎总氨基酸平均含量为6.10%;再生草植株总氨基酸平均含量为13.78%,叶总氨基酸平均含量为20.17%,茎总氨基酸平均含量为7.19%;供试的12号、9号、3号、5号、2号和8号种质材料含有相对于新疆大叶苜蓿品种较高的总氨基酸, 来自前苏联的12号种质材料还含有较高的必需氨基酸.     

蛋壳资源综合开发利用

文中从禽蛋生产和蛋壳资源现状出发,论述了蛋壳资源利用的意义以及蛋壳资源的可利用方式,为蛋壳资源的综合开发利用提供指导。     

产纤维素酶解淀粉芽胞杆菌分离株的生物学特性研究

对发酵黄芪样品中分离的1株产纤维素酶解淀粉芽胞杆菌的生物学特性进行了检测,试验结果表明,菌株在10℃~60℃环境均能生长,最适生长温度为35℃~40℃。pH5.0~8.0培养基均适宜菌株生长,其中最适pH为6.0。在37℃环境200r/min振荡培养的生长曲线在0~4h为延迟期,4h~12h为对数期,12h~24h为稳定期,24h以后为衰亡期。细菌37℃培养32h开始产生芽胞,在培养72h时芽胞形成率达到80.67%。菌株对多数抗菌药物敏感,且安全性良好。该菌株适应性强,生长条件较为宽松,这为其开发应用提供了依据。     

草地生态系统安全及其评价研究

探讨了草地生态安全及其评价的概念与内涵,认为草地生态系统安全判断与度量准则应该是草地生态系统健康、草地生态系统服务功能及生态风险与管理的科学统一。同时尝试提出了草地生态系统安全评价的"健康-服务功能-风险与管理(health-service-risk and management,HSRM)"模型,构建了HSRM评价模型的指标体系,提出草地生态安全评价中草地生态安全度计算公式和安全状态分级标准。     

The use of eutectic mixture of lidocaine and prilocaine in mice (Mus musculus) for tail vein injections

ObjectiveTo investigate a topical local anesthesia technique as a means to prevent and/or diminish pain in mice in a laboratory setting associated with tail vein injections performed by personnel in training.Study designProspective, randomized experimental trial.AnimalsThirty six adult female, 23–28 g CD-1 mice from an in-house training colony. They were acclimated to routine training and handling classes.MethodsEutectic mixture of local anesthetics (EMLA) cream (2.5% lidocaine/2.5% prilocaine) or a bland ointment control (n = 18) was applied on the tail prior to intravenous injection. The injections were performed by novices, who had never attempted the procedure, and experienced personnel. All participants were blinded to treatment groups. Three injection attempts were allowed per animal. The mice were observed and scored by blinded evaluators for behavioral and physiological changes, including respiratory rate, vocalization, tail flick, and escape behaviors, during and after the injection.ResultsThis study demonstrates that aversive behaviors induced by lateral tail vein injection were not changed by the preemptive application of EMLA cream. The aversive behaviors associated with lateral tail vein injection were significantly affected by the number of injection attempts and the individual's experience level.Conclusions and clinical relevanceTopical EMLA cream did not reduce signs of aversive reaction to tail vein injection and thus we did not find support for its use in mouse training programs for tail vein injections.     

覆膜种植方式对东祁连山区苜蓿草地土壤温度和水分的影响

高寒地区耐寒苜蓿品种和适宜栽培技术的缺乏,严重阻碍着该区域旱作苜蓿和草地畜牧业的发展。于东祁连山甘肃天祝高寒牧区通过设置平膜全覆、垄沟覆膜、垄沟覆膜+覆土和垄沟（不覆膜）4种种植方式,探讨不同种植方式对苜蓿草地土壤温度和水分的影响,旨在为祁连山高寒区苜蓿的高产栽培提供理论依据。结果表明,高寒区平膜全覆种植方式的增温效果最佳,其次为垄沟覆膜、垄沟,垄沟覆膜+覆土最弱。地膜提温主要在苜蓿生长初期（5月）和生长期（6-7月）,主要集中在0~15 cm的浅层土壤。5-9月平膜全覆0~25 cm土层白天平均温度为19.83 ℃,分别比垄沟覆膜、垄沟覆膜+覆土和垄沟处理同期同层高出1.85 ℃、3.04 ℃和2.98 ℃。垄沟覆膜处理下土壤含水量最大,其土壤含水量比平膜全覆、垄沟覆膜+覆土和垄沟处理的土壤含水量高4.3%~14.5%,4.2%~13.8%和14.3%~24.8%。平膜全覆对天祝高寒区苜蓿生长在温度上的贡献最大,而垄沟覆膜在水分上的贡献最大。     

Protection by iron salts against sporidesmin intoxication in sheep

A number of iron compounds have been shown to protect sheep against the harmful effects of the facial eczema toxin, sporidesmin. Various salts were found to be effective; the oxidation state of the metal was not important although water-solubility did appear to be a prerequisite for prophylactic activity. The effect of iron salts was additive with that of zinc, and it is suggested that the protective action of these compounds results from their ability to inhibit the absorption of copper, consistent with the previously-proposed freeradical mechanism for sporidesmin toxicity.     

西镇牛种质特性研究 三、西镇牛毛色遗传分析

本文从群体遗传学角度对西镇牛的毛色进行了系统分析,确定其毛色遗传由8个位点的等位基因支配,毛色以红黄为主,混有晕毛、有色皮斑、胁及四肢内淡化、黑色背线及黑缟纹等杂色,黑色及白斑在群体中分布频率极低。估测的各位点基因型频率误差小、可靠性高,其毛色分布规律可以做为西镇牛品种特征的遗传标记。同时确认西镇牛毛色形成与中原黄牛和南方黄牛密切相关。