不同覆盖措施对枣园土壤水分和温度的影响

研究不同覆盖措施对枣园土壤水分和温度的影响,旨在为新疆绿洲农业红枣种植提供有力的科学依据。在旋耕覆膜、旋耕秸秆覆盖、旋耕裸地和免耕裸地条件下,对五年骏枣枣园的土壤水分和温度进行测量。在田间管理一致的情况下,0-100cm土壤平均含水量旋耕秸秆覆盖〉旋耕覆膜〉免耕裸地〉旋耕裸地;0-25 cm土壤平均温度旋耕覆膜〉旋耕裸地〉免耕裸地〉旋耕秸秆覆盖。旋耕秸秆覆盖和旋耕覆膜可以保持土壤水分,旋耕覆膜和旋耕裸地能够有效提高土壤温度,旋耕秸秆覆盖阻碍了土壤温度的升高,免耕裸地影响较小。     

旱寒区黄绵土冬小麦氮肥底施与追施比例试验

试验共设5个氮肥底施与追施比例处理,设计追施比例占总施氮量的0～100%,变幅20%。试验结果表明,以庄浪县旱地梯田为代表的旱寒区冬小麦氮肥的最佳底施比例占总施氮量的69.63%,即2/3左右。     

济宁16号小麦等量氮肥不同时期追施与产量的关系

本试验是在小麦新品种济宁16号通过省审后，所做的一项高产配套栽培技术研究。本试验用等量标准氮肥，做了3种不同处理追施。结果为：以标准氮肥的50％作为底肥，50％作为拔节肥，小麦群体变化最合理；以标准氮肥50％作为底肥，50％作为拔节肥追施，小麦增产达极显著水平，此处理下的小麦产量比以标准氮肥的50％作为底肥，50％作为起身肥处理下的产量增产显著；以标准氮肥50％作为底肥，50％作为拔节肥的小麦灌浆时间最长，千粒重最大；以标准氮肥50％作为底肥，40％作为起身肥，10％作为挑旗肥为处理的倒伏最严重，以标准氮肥50％作为底肥，50％作为拔节肥的小麦倒伏最轻。     

毛乌素沙地天然臭柏种群雌雄比及其分布特征的研究

文章采用样线法对毛乌素沙地开发整治研究中心北实验地天然臭柏种群的雌雄比例及空间分布进行了调查,利用方差/均值比的t检验法、负二项参数、丛生指标、平均拥挤指数与聚块性指数分析其分布特征.结果表明,毛乌素沙地臭柏种群雌雄比例为0.6∶1,空间分布格局为集群分布.     

互助白牦牛血液蛋白质多态性的研究

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法对７１头互助白牦牛４种血液蛋白质的多态性进行研究。结果表明：（１）血红蛋白显现ＨＢＦ￣＋Ｓ￣－，ＨＢＦＳ和ＨＢＦ￣－Ｓ＋三种表型，其表型频率分别为４．３％，９４．３％和１．４％；（２）血清白蛋白、血清运铁蛋白和血清亲血色蛋白均呈单态，显现单一的ＡＬＢＡＡ，ＴＦＤＤ和Ｈｐｌ－１型；（３）互助白牦牛４种血液蛋白质的Ｐｐｏｌｙ为２５．０％，Ｈ为０．０２７３。     

玉米秸秆-牛粪不同配比对沼气产量的影响

试验设牛粪-玉米秸秆质量比2∶1(A)、牛粪(B)、玉米秸秆(C)、牛粪-玉米秸秆质量比1∶2(D)4个处理,在温度为(30±1)℃、发酵液(TS)浓度为10%的条件下,研究粪秆比对沼气厌氧发酵产气量的影响。结果表明,试验55 d各处理总产气量大小依次为ADBC。发酵过程中各处理日产气量变化和日累积产气量差异明显,A处理产气高峰主要在17~26 d,D处理主要在22~33 d,A和D处理总产气量分别为6 997 m L和6 842 m L,高于B处理和C处理。因此,牛粪-秸秆混合发酵可明显提高产气速率,改善产气状况,提高发酵原料产气潜力。     

云南甘薯抗旱育苗技术研究

采取不同的甘薯抗旱育苗措施,对其萌芽出苗、地上部性状等方面进行比较分析。分析结果表明,覆膜覆土、覆盖稻草、覆盖遮阳网能有效减少土壤水分蒸发,增加土壤含水量,有利于甘薯早出苗,具有一定的抗旱作用;盖遮阳网后植株长势弱、易发生徒长;增施有机肥育苗植株长势好,但抗旱效果不明显。     

氮肥运筹对不同生育期晚稻品种产量及氮素吸收利用的影响

以6个生育期不同的晚稻品种为材料,研究了不同生育期品种对不同氮肥运筹比例的响应。结果表明,早熟品种在基蘖肥∶穗肥为7∶3时的产量高于6∶4时的产量,而中、迟熟品种中既有在7∶3时表现为产量较高的品种,也有在6∶4时表现为产量较高的品种。而不同氮肥运筹比例对不同生育期晚稻品种间的氮素吸收利用的影响与品种熟期之间没有明显的规律性。     

Modelling the spray deposition and efficacy of two mineral oil-based products for the control of California red scale, Aonidiella aurantii (Maskell)

The pattern and quantity of pesticide deposition may affect the efficacy of pesticide treatments. In this study we evaluated under laboratory conditions the efficacy of two petroleum-derived spray oils (PDSO) (Laincoil^®, an nC21 oil with a content of 83% w/v, Oil A, and Sunspray Ultrafine^®, an nC21 with a content of 85% w/v, Oil B, both with an unsulfonated residue of 92%) applied at 1.5% concentration at five volumes (0.5, 1, 2, 3 and 4 ml) against different stages of Aonidiella aurantii Maskell (Homoptera: Diaspididae). In parallel, we characterized the deposition pattern of treatments resulting from these five volumes and two PDSOs. The objective was to model deposition characteristics and efficacy as a function of the deposited volume in order to determine the optimum volume per unit surface that should be applied to control this pest. Different models that depend on the developmental stage and relate to the efficacy of the treatment as a function of the deposited volume have been obtained for both PDSOs, thus providing a scientific basis for product efficacy comparison. Furthermore, our results are also relevant to find an adequate trade-off between sprayed pesticide volume and expected efficacy.     

Preliminary in vivo study on the potential application of a novel method of e-tracking to facilitate traceability in the poultry food chain

The feasibility of using GS1 DataMatrix (GS1 DM) barcodes laser printed onto the beaks of poultry as a possible method of identification and, therefore, traceability of the individual were examined in this study, including a preliminary live trial on layer hens. The optimal laser type and settings for this particular application had been selected during previous in vitro and in vivo trials. GS1 DM barcodes were printed on both sides of the beaks of mature layer hens and read using a high specification camera based 1-Dimensional/2-Dimensional (1-D/2-D) DataMan 7500 barcode reader. The reading procedure was repeated on a number of occasions over a 5 week period to examine the effects of time in a commercial environment on the clarity and readability of the GS1 DM barcode, and the ability of the printed GS1 DM barcodes to resist the physical and chemical challenges of such a setting. The results show a very short timeframe during which all barcodes, both right and left combined, remain readable. Thereafter the readability deteriorates rapidly, due to the growth and healing of the beaks of the layer hens. Results also show that there was no significant difference in the readability between GS1 DM barcodes printed on the right or left side of the beak. The proportion of identification (ι) (i.e. number of layers identifiable by either one or two readable GS1 DM barcodes) was also calculated. All layer hens were fully identifiable for a seven day period by either one or two readable GS1 DM barcodes. Further analysis showed that the proportion of identification (ι) was significantly higher for layer hens when identified with two GS1 DM barcodes as opposed to just one. Secure movement control of live mature poultry at vulnerable points in the food chain, such as transfer of ownership, could well be facilitated by the use of this technology, thereby preventing fraud or substitution at these points.