岷山红三叶总异黄酮提取方法的研究

为选择提取岷山红三叶中总异黄酮的最佳方法,本文研究了用回流法、冷浸法和索式提取法提取岷山红三叶中总异黄酮的效果.通过紫外分光光度法测定提取液中的总黄酮含量,结果表明:回流提取法提取效果优于冷浸法和索式提取法.具有安全、简便和提取率高的优点.     

隐性乳房炎试验(CMT)及防治方案

[目的]为找出陕西地区奶牛隐型乳房炎的临界点。[方法]采用生产上常用的乳房炎诊断方法,通过间接测定乳中体细胞数来诊断乳房炎的发生。[结果]找出体细胞数在47.46万以上时才依次表现出弱阳性、阳性、强阳性的特征。[结论]从而依据以上结果制定出两种方案用于预防和治疗乳房炎的发生。     

草地生态系统服务功能及其价值评估方法研究

草地不仅是畜牧业的生产基地,而且是生态安全屏障保护和牧民生活与草原文化传承的基础,具有生态、生产和生活功能。然而,草地日益退化导致的生态经济问题越来越突出,评价草地生态系统服务功能的经济价值,对于制定合理的草地保护与经济开发决策具有重要意义。目前国内外广泛采用的Costanza等提出的生态系统服务价值评估方法没能充分体现出草地生态系统本质特征。因此,本研究以草地生态系统的“三生功能”为基础,综合考虑草地的地域和空间的异质性以及区域经济发展水平的差异性,选择水源涵养、侵蚀控制、废物处理、滞留沙尘、生物多样性保护、养分循环、固定CO₂、释放O₂、消减SO₂、畜牧生产、文化传承和休闲旅游12项贡献率较高的功能指标,应用生态经济学原理,建立了适宜于草地生态系统服务功能经济价值的评价体系和方法,并以藏北高寒草地为例,对该方法进行了评估验证。     

关于西部草地资源大开发基本原则、途径与目标的探讨

生产，生活和生态的统一，增加投入。因地制宜与分类开发，掌握开发限度，是西部草地资源开发的基本原则。其开发的主要途径是生态功能。生产功能，后生物生产层的开发。要达到的目标则是高产品和好环境，草业生产的持续发展，人与自然的协调关系。     

奶牛乳房炎发泡药剂的研究Ⅱ.发泡药剂的研制与动物试验

研究了奶牛乳房炎发泡药剂的制备方法及其质量控制标准。该药剂是以碳酸氢钠和枸橼酸作发泡剂，研制药物的发泡量为原药液体积的8-12倍。经动物乳房给药试验证实，该药剂安全、无刺激性、在乳腺内分布效果明显优于常规剂型，室温保存有效期为2年。     

In-Laboratory Diffraction-Enhanced X-Ray Imaging of an Equine Hoof

We describe and demonstrate the first application of a laboratory-based diffraction-enhanced X-ray imaging instrument for noninvasive equine imaging. A formalin-preserved disarticulated forelimb from a near-term aborted miniature horse fetus was imaged with diffraction-enhanced X-ray imaging. The resultant calculated images—absorption, extinction, refraction, and scattering—are presented, and soft-tissues such as the dorsal digital extensor tendon, articular cartilage, as well as various joint, tendon sheath, and bursa recesses are observed in simultaneous registration with the adjacent dense bone tissue. Radiation dose calculations were performed and a calculated surface dose of 0.6 mGy for the soft muscular tissue was determined for the imaging experiment.     

雷公山雉类猎捕状况调查报告

本文对雷公山地区的２５个村寨、６９位猎人自１９８９～１９９３年４年来的雉类猎捕状况作了调查统计，面积４７３ｋｍ２。结果表明：４年来雉类猎捕方法有８种，猎捕量计７３２只，年平均１８３只，平均狩猎强度为３．９５只／（人·ａ），均逐年下降，这对该地区雉类资源的现状和今后的保护提供了依据。     

A multicentric retrospective study of serum/plasma urea and creatinine concentrations in dogs using univariate and multivariate decision rules to evaluate diagnostic efficiency

BACKGROUND: Urea and creatinine are the most frequently used indirect markers in plasma and serum of glomerular filtration rate in dogs. Both have been shown to lack sensitivity but their diagnostic efficiency for the diagnosis of kidney disease has been minimally investigated. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this retrospective study was to investigate the influence of possible factors of variation on both analytes and to determine whether specific decision rules should be drawn up for subpopulations of dogs. METHODS: The results of urea and creatinine measurements, breed, sex, age, and health status (healthy, renal disease, or nonrenal disease) of 3822 dogs were collected from the archives of 5 veterinary clinics. Data were analyzed with univariate and multivariate decision rules with and without adjustment. RESULTS: There were significant effects and interactions of almost all of the sources of variation. Slight improvements in diagnostic efficiency were obtained by adjusting the decision rules to these sources of variations. Univariate decision rules gave approximately the same diagnostic efficiency for urea and creatinine concentrations, with sensitivity and specificity in the range of 70% and 90%, respectively, using the upper limit of the reference interval as the threshold value. Multivariate decision rules provided only minor improvements in diagnostic efficiency. CONCLUSION: Simultaneous measurement of both urea and creatinine is of limited diagnostic value over the analysis of a single variable. Creatinine is the preferred analyte as it is affected by fewer extrarenal factors of variation.     

Surgery: Comparison of three closure methods and two absorbable suture materials for closure of jejunal enterotomy incisions in healthy dogs

Summary

The macroscopic and histological appearance of jejunal antimesenteric incisions approximated with two different absorbable suture materials (monofilament versus multifilament) and three closure techniques (appositional single layer, crushing single layer, and double layer) were compared in healthy dogs at 14 or 28 days, postoperatively. No significant differences between the two suture materials were observed for most of the macroscopic or histological variables. However, the monofilament suture material caused significantly more fibrous tissue reaction in the muscular layer of the jejunum than did the multifilament suture material. Of the three enterotomy closure techniques used in this study, the appositional single‐layer method proved to be the best. The double‐layer closure method caused a significant decrease in the incisional circumference, the relative circumference, and volume of the jejunum, and a significant increase in jejunal wall thickness. Our findings suggest that canine jejunal enterotomy incisions can be closed using an appositional suture pattern with relatively rapidly absorbable monofilament suture material. The use of double‐layer suture patterns for closure of jejunal enterotomy incisions should be avoided because the size of the intestinal lumen may be reduced.     

硫酸卡那霉素注射液含量测定的不确定度分析

为研究微生物检定法(管碟法)测定硫酸卡那霉素注射液生物效价试验中各因素对结果的影响,采用不确定度分析,将影响因素归纳为称量、稀释、加样、测定、平行试验,量化各不确定度分量,评估各因素的影响因子。结果表明,牛津杯加样体积对测定结果影响最大,提示试验中应尽可能精确控制加样体积。