甜瓜小拱棚栽培品种比较试验

对6个厚皮甜瓜品种在拱棚栽培条件下的适应性和产量、品质表现进行了比较研究。结果表明，古拉巴和玉金香2个品种兼具优质、丰产、抗病、抗逆性强等优良性状，具有拱棚种植的开发潜力，可作主栽品种推广。伊丽莎白是仅次于古拉巴和玉金香的早熟优良品种，可作为拱棚栽培的搭配品种使用。     

甜瓜POD同工酶及其Fuzzy聚类分析

采用PAGE、酶谱紫外扫描及Fuzzy聚类法研究薄皮甜瓜与厚皮甜瓜功能叶POD同工酶的结果表明,甜瓜POD同工酶共有11条正极带,其中的3条是薄皮甜瓜与厚皮甜瓜的基础酶带.供试薄皮甜瓜各品种POD同工酶均为6条酶带,其中2条为该类群的特征酶带.供试厚皮甜瓜各品种POD同工酶均为9条酶带,其中3条为该类群的特征酶带.Fuzzy聚类分析表明,两类甜瓜品种间POD同工酶谱的相似系数为(0.50,1.00),其隶属度为(0.64,1.00),厚皮甜瓜品种含笑与薄皮甜瓜的亲缘关系比与厚皮甜瓜其它品种的亲缘关系更近,厚皮甜瓜与薄皮甜瓜在分子水平上没有截然的界限.从甜瓜POD同工酶角度证明了两类甜瓜具有初生起源中心及次生起源中心的分化.甜瓜感染花叶病后,植株的POD同工酶活性增强,某些品种出现了新酶带.     

不同作物根系分泌物对黄瓜的化感作用

就不同作物根系分泌物溶液对黄瓜种子和黄瓜幼苗的化感作用进行了研究。结果表明,油菜、玉米、小麦和小白菜对黄瓜种子发芽势和发芽率的抑制作用均较低;除玉米根系分泌物溶液外,其余作物根系分泌物溶液均抑制黄瓜种子胚根和胚芽生长,且胚芽的受抑制强度大于胚根;玉米、油菜、小白菜和黄瓜根系分泌物溶液对黄瓜幼苗苗高和茎粗有促进作用,且对黄瓜幼苗根长和根数的抑制作用较小。说明玉米是黄瓜种植最适宜的前茬作物,其次是油菜和小白菜,而豇豆、豆角和黑豆等豆科作物不宜作为黄瓜种植的前茬作物。     

Analysis of 50 Cucumber Accessions by RAPD Markers

Genetic diversity of 50 cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) accessions from American, Holland,Japan and China was detected and evaluated using RAPD markers. 25 selected primers produced 215 scorable polymorphic RAPD bands and the ratio of polymorphism is 86.98%. Four main groups of cucumber accessions could be distinguished from UPGMA analysis: Occidental cucumber, South-China cucumber, North-China cucumber and Xishuangbanna cucumber. Our result confirmed that cucumber is a narrow-based germplasm, nevertheless RAPD analysis was still useful in cucumber genotypic differentiation. More significantly, Xishuangbanna cucumber (Cucumis sativus L. Var Xishuangbannanesis Qi et Yuan), a mutation of cucumber, was clustered together to a special group in the study, which imlalied its special status in cucumber germplasm.     

The inheritance of two novel subgynoecious genes in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)

Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.), which is a vegetable crop, has served as the model system for sex expression in flowering plants, and the inheritance of sex expression in cucumber is well documented. However, the genetics of subgynoecism expression in cucumber had rarely been described. In this study, we investigated the inheritance of subgynoecious traits in cucumber plants with the inbred cucumber lines of subgynoecious (C. sativus L. var sativus cv 97-17 and S-2-98) as the materials. Genetic analysis had showed the two subgynoecious inbred lines were controlled by one pair of recessive gene and one pair of incompletely dominant gene, which were designated presently as mod-F2 and Mod-F1, respectively. Furthermore, the mod-F2 and Mod-F1 loci, which enhance the intensity of femaleness, also inherited independently with F and M genes.     

甜瓜结实花初花节位QTL分析

 以WI998为母本（纯雌株、厚皮网纹甜瓜品系）,TopMark为父本（雄全同株纯合品系）,配置杂交组合,利用单粒传得到171个株系的重组自交系（F₂S₄）群体构建甜瓜SSR分子标记遗传连锁图谱。该连锁图谱包含19个连锁群,覆盖基因组长度为1 414.2 cM,标记间平均距离为10.2 cM。对结实花初花节位开展QTL分析,共检测到9个QTL,分别分布在第1、9、10、11连锁群上,各QTL的LOD值在2.89 ~ 9.42之间,4个QTL贡献率超过10%。位于第9连锁群的QTL Fp9.4贡献率最大,为18.57%（2010秋季LOD = 9.17）;位于第9连锁群的Fp9.3（2010春季8.64%,LOD = 6.44;2010秋季17.99%,LOD = 9.42）,位于第10连锁群的Fp10.1（2010春季3.59%,LOD = 2.89;2010秋季6.20%,LOD = 3.43）在两季的位置都很稳定。获得与结实花初花节位紧密连锁（< 10 cM）的8个特异标记（SSR01737、MU141991、TJ105、GCM206、SSR04910、MU173563、NR52、MU146331）,为进一步开展QTL精细定位提供参考。     

Analysis based on RAPD and ISSR Markers Reveals Closer Similarities among <Emphasis Type="Italic">Citrullus</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic"> Cucumis</Emphasis> Species than with <Emphasis Type="Italic">Praecitrullus fistulosus</Emphasis> (Stocks) Pangalo

A cucurbit species named Praecitrullus fistulosus (Stocks) Pangalo, which thrives in India, is considered to be a distant relative of watermelon. Recent experiments indicated that it has mild resistance to whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci). However, our attempts to cross various US plant introductions (PIs) of P. fistulosus with watermelon or other Citrullus PIs have not been successful. Thus, to determine genetic relatedness among those species, phylogenetic analysis [based on simple sequence repeat (SSR)–anchored (also termed ISSR), and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers] was conducted among PIs of P. fistulosus, Citrullus lanatus var. lanatus (watermelon), C. lanatus var. citroides and the wild Citrullus colocynthis. Phylogenetic relationships were also examined with Cucumis melo (melon), Cucumis sativus (cucumber), and wild Cucumis species including C. africanus, C. metuliferus, C. anguria, C. meeusei, and C. zeyheri. Wide genetic distance exists between Citrullus and Cucumis groups (8% genetic similarity). Phylogenetic relationships among Citrullus species and subspecies are closer (25–55% genetic similarity) as compared with those among most Cucumis species (14–68% genetic similarity). P. fistulosus appeared to be distant from both Cucumis and Citrullus species (genetic similarity between P. fistulosus and Cucumis or Citrullus groups is less than 3%). Although wide genetic differences and reproductive barriers exist among cucurbit species examined in this study, they are still considered as potential germplasm source for enhancing watermelon and melon crops using traditional breeding and biotechnology procedures.     

哈尔滨地区早春温室密刺型黄瓜品种比较试验

对中国北方9个密刺型黄瓜(Cucumis satiws L.)品种进行了生育期、植物学性状和产量方面的比较试验,以锦杂十号做为对照品种。结果表明,根瓜采收最早的为津绿26和津绿30,前期产量和总产量最高的为津绿30。从农艺性状和早熟丰产的调查来看,津绿30最适合本地区早春日光温室的栽培。     

同工酶分析在黄瓜杂种一代纯度检测上的应用研究

应用垂直板不连续系统的聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（ＰＡＧＥ）法，分析了黄瓜农大秋棚二号（Ｆ１）及其双亲发芽种子子叶苹果酸脱氢酶（ＭＤＨ）同工酶酶谱。发现了２个具有多态性的同工酶位点ＭＤＨ—２和ＭＤＨ—４。并以这两个位点为标记检测Ｆ１代（出现“杂种二聚体”）的纯度。对该一代杂种Ｆ２代及ＢＣ１、ＢＣ２代进行的遗传分析表明ＭＤＨ－４位点受一对共显性等位基因（ＭＤＨ－４Ｆ、ＭＤＨ－４Ｓ）遗传控制，ＭＤＨ—２位点存在－隐性虚等位基因（ＭＤＨ—２ｎ），这两个位点均符合孟德尔单基因分离规律，证实了黄瓜杂种一代农大秋棚二号及其双亲间苹果酸脱氢酶同工酶酶谱差异的遗传基础。