Determination of F1 hybrid seed purity in pepper using PCR-based markers

We present the potential use of two kinds of PCR-based markers, RAPDs (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) and SPARs (Single Primer Amplification Reactions), as tools for hybrid seed purity determination. Five F₁ pepper hybrids (Capsicum annuum L.) and their parents were analyzed with 100 10-mer primers and 10 nucleotide repeat primers. We found at least one useful marker for testing the purity of all hybrids studied. Despite their dominant inheritance these markers could be an efficient implement in the process of quality testing of hybrid seeds. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

螺旋粉虱对不同甜椒品种的产卵选择性及与植物中化学物质的相互关系研究

［目的］ 明确螺旋粉虱对不同甜椒品种的产卵偏好性及其与甜椒体内化学物质含量的关系。［方法］ 采用非自由选择法测定了螺旋粉虱对不同甜椒品种的产卵偏好性,并测定不同甜椒品种体内单宁酸、总黄酮、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白等化学物质含量,分析其与螺旋粉虱产卵选择的相关性。［结果］ 螺旋粉虱对‘古风7号’的选择性最强,产卵量显著高于‘特大型牟一号’、‘吉星’、‘京椒’、‘特大甜椒八号’等8个品种（α=0.05水平）,而与‘国禧205’、‘郑椒甜宝’、‘古风5号’等7个品种差异不显著。不同甜椒品种间的单宁酸含量、总黄酮含量、可溶性糖含量、可溶性蛋白含量存在显著差异。相关分析表明,螺旋粉虱对甜椒品种的选择性与单宁酸、总黄酮不相关,与可溶性蛋白呈负相关,与可溶性糖含量呈正相关。［结论］ 螺旋粉虱对不同甜椒品种的偏好性存在显著差异,这种差异与甜椒体内一些化学物质含量不同有关。     

Races of Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria overcoming the gene Bs2 for bacterial spot resistance in pepper, prevalent on Capsicum chinense in Barbados and Grenada and weakly pathogenic on bell pepper and tomato in the field

A total of 404 isolates of Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria , obtained from Capsicum chinense cv. West Indian Red grown in Barbados and Grenada, were differentiated into pathogenic races, and of these, 96 were tested also for selected taxonomic group phenotypes. The response of C. chinense to infection by several X. campestris pv. vesicatoria races and the contribution of races isolated from this cultivar to severity of bacterial spot of bell pepper and tomato were also investigated. P4T2, P5T2 and P6T2 were the predominant races of X. campestris pv. vesicatoria isolated from C. chinense grown in Grenada, whereas nine races (T1, P4, P6, P0T2, P1T2, P4T1, P4T2, P6T1 and P6T2) were isolated in Barbados. Race P4T2 comprised 46.0 and 71.4% of the isolates from Barbados and Grenada, respectively. The 96 isolates, all of which overcame resistance conferred by the gene Bs2 , shared taxonomic group B strain characteristics, including the presence of the β-protein band, positive amylolytic activity and inability to oxidize cis -aconitate. The C. chinense cv. West Indian Red was susceptible only to races of X. campestris pv. vesicatoria that can overcome Bs2 gene resistance. Of six such races identified in Barbados, only P4T1, P4T2 and P6T1 affected bacterial spot-susceptible bell pepper or tomato in the field, and they amounted to only 1.5–2.1% of each sample of isolates from these plant species. Moreover, they were confined to the smallest bacterial spot lesions. Bell pepper was most severely affected by combinations of races T1 with P3T2 and T2 with P0T1, and tomato by race T1 only and combinations of races P0T1 with P0T2 and P1T1 with P1T0, all of which prevailed in the field despite selection against them by C. chinense cv. West Indian Red.     

The characterization of Nigerian varieties of pepper, Capsicum annuum and Capsicum frutescens by SDS- polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of seed proteins

The possibility of using electrophoresis to characterize varieties of pepper, Capsicum annuum and Capsicum frutescens cultivated in Nigeria was investigated. The SDS- polyacrylamide gel electropherogram of extracted total seed proteins of 10 breeding lines in each of the 6 varieties investigated, revealed a pattern in which 12 polypeptide bands with apparent molecular weight range of 22 to 98 kilodaltons could be distinguished. The result showed that the six varieties could be characterized on the basis of presence/absence and staining intensities of 7 polypeptide bands. It is suggested that SDS- polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of seed proteins provides a useful analytical technique for the characterization of varieties of pepper and there may be genotype duplicates in the collection of Nigerian Capsicum germplasm.     

辣椒花药颜色突变体Caya表型特征分析及遗传定位

以通过EMS诱变筛选得到的黄色花药辣椒突变体Caya为材料,以野生型樟树港辣椒ST–8为对照,测定花药中花青素及类黄酮的含量,进行花粉活力鉴定,发现突变体Caya花药中花青素含量显著降低,类黄酮含量和花粉活力与ST–8的无显著变化。以ST–8和Caya进行正反交,得到F1群体,F1自交构建F2群体,F1和Caya回交构建BC1群体,调查各群体的紫色花药和黄色花药植株数量,分析花药颜色的遗传规律,发现黄色花药受1对隐性核基因控制;采用BSA–Seq技术对控制花药颜色的基因进行定位,将候选区域锁定在2号染色体142Mbp至157Mbp;设计9对SNP标记对F2分离群体进行基因分型,进一步缩小候选区间,最终将目的基因定位于147 461 604 bp至150 376 942 bp,在候选区间内筛选到2个与花青素合成密切相关的基因,登录号为Capana02g002586、Capana02g002763。     

辣椒新品种川辣2号的选育

川辣2号是以自交系28-6-2-1为母本,以自交系10-10-3-1作父本配制而成的一代杂种。该杂种早熟;果实长羊角形,果长15．3cm,粗1．7cm,单果重11g,青熟果深绿色,老熟果鲜红色,商品性好;辣味中等;抗病毒病、炭疽病、疫病等病害;667m^2产鲜椒2000kg左右。适合四川和全国线辣椒各主产区以及其他辣椒产区种植。     

辣椒素类物质代谢生理研究进展

本文对辣椒素类物质的生理作用、结构与性质,辣椒素在辣椒果实中的合成途径、分布及积累特点,以及通过细胞组织培养研究和生产辣椒素进行了讨论。     

陕西辣椒套种的组合、配比与结构

本文介绍了陕西线辣椒主要套种的组合、配比和结构,并总结分析了套种组合和相应配比、结构的生物学效应与实际生产效益。生产实际应用证明,辣椒套种与单种相比,每667m：可增收小麦350～500kg、玉米100kg、辣椒干50kg。     

辣椒素类物质研究进展

本文介绍了辣椒素类物质的种类及其特性,并就国内外在辣椒素类物质方面的研究进展,如辣椒素类物质的代谢,不同辣椒品种和不同生长期间辣椒素物质含量的变化等进行了综述.亦简述了辣椒素类产品今后的发展方向.     

Inheritance of resistance to potato virus Y in garden pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)

Summary Bell pepper suffers considerable losses from a strain of potato virus Y (PVY^o-sbp). Crosses were attempted between two resistant lines Perennial and S41-1 and two highly susceptible bell pepper commercial cultivars California Wonder and Yolo Wonder. Studies of F₁'s, F₂'s, back crosses and F₃'s indicated that Perennial and S41-1 carry a recessive gene imparting resistance to potato virus Y.