钙肥不同用量对花生氮代谢的影响

[目的]为探究花生在不同钙素水平下氮代谢特点。[方法]选用606为试验材料,钙素设4个水平,测定不同生育时期主要氮代谢酶(硝酸还原酶(NR)、谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)、谷氨酸合成酶(GOGAT)和谷氨酸脱氢酶(GDH))活性及各叶片、茎秆和籽仁中蛋白质含量。[结果]施用钙肥不仅提高花生不同生育时期叶片中NR、GS、GOGAT和GDH活性,而且促进花生植株对氮素的吸收,增加籽仁中蛋白质含量。[结论]施钙量为300 kg/hm2时,效果最好。     

Idiopathic hypercalcemia in cats

Unexplained hypercalcemia has been increasingly recognized in cats since 1990. In some instances, hypercalcemia has been associated with calcium oxalate urolithiasis, and some affected cats have been fed acidifying diets. We studied the laboratory findings, clinical course, and treatment of 20 cats with idiopathic hypercalcemia. Eight (40%) of the cats were longhaired and all 14 cats for which adequate dietary history was available had been fed acidifying diets. Clinical signs included vomiting (6 cats), weight loss (4 cats), dysuria (4 cats), anorexia (3 cats), and inappropriate urinations (3 cats). Hypercalcemia was mild to moderate in severity. and serum parathyroid hormone concentrations were normal or low. Serum concentrations of phosphorus, parathyroid hormone-related peptide, 25-hydroxycholecalciferol, and calcitriol were within the reference range in most cats. Diseases commonly associated with hypercalcemia (eg, neoplasia, primary hyperparathyroidism) were not identified despite thorough medical evaluations and long-term clinical follow-up. Azotemia either did not develop (10 cats) or developed after the onset of hypercalcemia (3 cats), suggesting that renal failure was not the cause of hypercalcemia in affected cats. Seven of 20 cats (35%) had urolithiasis, and in 2 cats uroliths were composed of calcium oxalate. Subtotal parathyroidectomy in 2 cats and dietary modification in 11 cats did not result in resolution of hypercalcemia. Treatment with prednisone resulted in complete resolution of hypercalcemia in 4 cats.     

Regulation of LPS-induced elevation of Ca2+ intracellular level of alveolarmacrophages in chronic bronchitis by Angelica Sinensis and nifedipine

AIM: To explore regulation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced elevation of Ca²⁺ intracellular level in alveolar macrophages(AMs) from patients with chronic bronchitis by Angelica Sinensis and nifedipine.METHODS:AMs was obtained from 7 patients with chronic bronchitis and 6 normal controls by bronchoalveolar lavage and intracellular Calevel was detected after adding Angelica Sinensis, nifedipine or LPS to the supernatant of AMs loaded by Fura-2. RESULTS: In contrast with normal control group (99.65±32.21 nmol/L), intracellular Ca²⁺ level in AMs from chronic bronchitis group (189.47±23.69 nmol/L) was increased significantly in the absence of extracellular Ca²⁺ but not 1 mmol/L. Intracellular Ca²⁺ level in AMs from chronic bronchitis group were significantly increased by adding 10 μg/mL LPS to the supernatant of AMs. LPS-induced elevation of intracellular Ca²⁺ level in AMs from chronic bronchitis group was completely inhibited by Angelica Sinensis or nifedipine.CONCLUSION: Both Anelica Sinensis and nifedipine may inhibit activation of AMs from patients with chronic bronchitis by reducing LPS-induced elevation of intracellular Ca²⁺ level in AMs, suggested that these two medicines may inhibit non-specific inflammation of airways in chronic bronchitis.     

日粮不同钙锌水平对雏鸡组织中矿物质含量及体重的影响

采用72只6周龄京白雏鸡,随机分 A、B、C、D、E、F 六组,每组12只,公母各半。A组喂玉米-豆饼型基础日粮(含锌21.5ppm,含钙0.95%),其余各组分别补加1%钙、2%钙、27.5ppm 锌、27.5ppmp 锌+1% 钙、27.5ppm 锌+2% 钙,试期30天。试验结束,用原子吸收光度计测定了全血、羽毛、胫骨、肝、肾等组织中的钙、锌、铁、铜、锰等元素含量。结果表明,B、C、E、F 各试组鸡组织中锌含量明显低于 D、人组,全血和肝 Cu/zn 比值明显升高,羽毛中铁、铜、锰和骨中铜明显升高,而肾中铜和锰明显降低.体增重 D 组效果显著,饲料报酬高,其余各试组随日粮中钙含量的增加体增重缓慢。     

微波-碱水浸提银杏叶黄酮的研究

[目的]为银杏叶黄酮的提取提供科学依据。[方法]利用微波效应,用氢氧化钙溶液提取银杏叶黄酮,并确定其最佳工艺条件。[结果]在0.5~2.0 min内,黄酮提取率随微波时间的增加而增加。银杏叶含水量在10~20 ml内,黄酮提取率随含水量的增加而增加。黄酮提取率随液料比的增加而增加,液料比在16∶1~25∶1时,提取率基本恒定。在90~95℃内,黄酮提取率随温度的升高而显著增加。在30~50 min内,黄酮提取率随浸提时间的延长而增加。各因素对黄酮提取率的影响依次为：提取温度〉微波时间〉含水量〉pH值〉提取时间〉液料比。[结论]微波-碱水浸提银杏叶黄酮的最佳工艺条件为：银杏叶5 g、微波功率100%、微波时间2.5 min、含水量25ml、液料比12∶1、浸提温度95℃、浸提2次、每次60 min、pH值为9,黄酮的提取率达93.6%。     

火焰原子吸收法测泡腾片中钙的含量

[目的]研究火焰原子吸收法测定泡腾片中的钙含量。[方法]用湿法消化样品,使用20．0g／L的氧化镧为掩蔽剂,在波长422．7nm处,采用火焰原子吸收法测定样品中钙含量。[结果]改进后的湿法消化设备简单,普通的实验室都可进行钙含量测定,Ca^2＋在2-20μg/ml浓度范围内遵守比尔定律。回收率为91．58％-99．26％,相对标准偏差（RSD）为3．44％。[结论]该方法迅速、简便、准确,适用于保健品中钙含量的测定。     

氯化钙浓度对水培大葱辣味的影响

供试品种为宫川一本太和十国一本太。将两个大葱品种植株在含不同浓度氯化钙（0～500 mg/kg）的Hoagland营养液中水培30 d后,采用蒜氨酶法测定其丙酮酸含量用以表示辣味大小。试验结果表明,不同浓度的氯化钙处理对供试大葱品种辣味的影响趋势一致,即随着氯化钙浓度的升高,供试两个大葱品种的辣味都有一定程度的降低,但宫川一本太大葱的辣味下降幅度较十国一本太大葱大。     

Effects of catestatin on calcium handling abnormalities and ventricular arrhythmia after myocardial infarction in rats

AIM: To determine the effects of catestatin (CST) on calcium handling abnormalities and ventri-cular arrhythmia (VA) after myocardial infarction (MI) in rats. METHODS: The adult male SD rats (n=85) were randomly divided into sham group (n=20) and operation group (n=65). MI was induced by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery in operation group. The rats in sham group underwent pericardiotomy but without ligating the artery. The rats survived for 1 week after operation were randomly assigned to MI group and CST group. The rats in CST group was treated with CST (30 mg·kg^-1·d^-1, intraperitoneal administration) for 4 weeks, while saline was applied to the rats in sham group and MI group. The calcium imaging study was performed by loading isolated ventricular cardiomyocytes with Fura-2 AM. In the whole Langendorff-perfused hearts, the programmed electrical stimulation was used to induce action potential duration (APD) alternans and VA. The protein levels of ryanodine receptor 2 (RyR2), phosphorylated RyR2 (p-RyR2), calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) and phosphorylated CaMKII (p-CAMKII) were determined by Western blot. RESULTS: Compared with sham group, the protein levels of p-RyR2 and p-CaMKII, the diastolic intracellular Ca²⁺ concentrations and the inducibility of VA were significantly increased, whereas the thresholds of Ca²⁺ transient (CaT) and APD alternans and the CaT amplitude were markedly decreased in MI group (P<0.01). Compared with MI group, the protein levels of p-RyR2 and p-CaMKII, the diastolic intracellular Ca²⁺ concentration and the inducibility of VA were significantly decreased, while the thresholds of CaT and APD alternans and the CaT amplitude were markedly increased in CST group (P<0.01). No significant difference of the protein expression of RyR2 and CaMKII among the 3 groups was observed (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: CST reduces the susceptibility to VA after MI via preventing calcium handling abnormalities.     

不同烘烤条件处理下烟叶钙元素的形态分析

为了探讨烤烟烟叶中钙元素的存在形态,在不同变黄、定色温湿度条件下,采用逐步提取法对烤前和烤后烟叶钙元素的形态进行了分析。结果表明,烘烤前后烟叶钙元素的主要存在形态为去离子水提取态,占总量的36.84%~49.67%,乙醇提取态含量最低,占总量的1.85%~2.61%。烤后烟叶与烤前鲜烟叶相比,NaC l提取态含量显著下降,残渣态显著上升。不同温湿度烘烤处理对残渣态钙含量影响显著,对乙醇提取态、去离子水提取态、HC l提取态、NaC l提取态钙含量影响不显著。