独龙江流域森林资源现状及特点

根据森林资源规划设计调查方法,将独龙江流域进行单独区划,衔接县级林地保护利用规划及公益林生态效益补偿实施方案修编成果,得到了独龙江流域的森林资源现状。分析认为,独龙江流域具有林地比例高,人均林地面积多;森林覆盖率高,林地利用充分;乔木林每公顷蓄积量大,森林质量高;生态区位重要,公益林比例和林地保护等级高;天然林比重大,近成过熟林比例高;原始林多,植被保护好等特点。提出分级保护、发展林下经济、开展森林生态旅游、禁止木材运出等保护及开发利用建议。     

秋水仙素诱导新铁炮百合2n花粉方法的优化

以新铁炮百合种子为试材,采用正交实验设计探索利用秋水仙素处理新铁炮百合种子的诱导2n花粉方法和可能性。结果表明:种子萌发处理时间5 d、秋水仙素浓度0.05%或0.2%时新铁炮百合种子出苗的效果最好;经对大花粉率极差分析,秋水仙素处理浓度是诱导大花粉的最主要因子,秋水仙素浓度0.1%、处理时间为24 h,种子萌发处理时间7 d,种子品种富田3号是诱导新铁炮百合大花粉有效方法。     

Estimating Combining Ability of 4x-2x Crosses in Cultivated Potatoes

Progenies derived from crosses between Solarium tuberosum and 2n pollen-Producing diploid hybrids, exhibit obvious hybrid vigor. The 2n pollen-producing clone can act as a bridge in crossing S. tuberosum and S. andigena with S. phureja. Populations from 4x-2x crosses show more unifomity and less segregation compared with that of 4x-4x crosses.The parent-offspring correlation for the traits, starch content and tuber number, is significant at 0.01 level. The regrssion equations are Y (mp-F1)=1.0 1.2x and Y (mp - F1) = 5.3 0.8x, respectively. The 2n pollen-producing clones play an impotant role in increasing tuber stach content.Estimates of the combining ability for the main yield components indicate that additive effect prodominatcs for such trais as plot yield, tuber weight per plant and starch content, whereas both additive and non-additive effects lay equal stress on mean tuber weight and non-additive effect is important for tuber number. In general, non-additive effect appears to be important in     

加快禄丰县彩云镇林业产业发展的思考

指出了发展林业产业是优化产业结构、培育经济增长点 ,提升区域经济实力、解决经济发展的重要途径 ,是林业产业发展研究的重要课题.针对禄丰县彩云镇当前林业发展格局中存在的问题 ,提出了具体的发展对策.     

南方红豆杉紫杉醇含量的时空变异

红豆杉属植物含有的紫杉醇因具有抗癌特性逐渐成为各国研究的热点。由于植物体内紫杉醇含量很低,而市场对紫杉醇需求不断增大,供需矛盾尤为突出。本研究的目的是试图搞清植物体各部分紫杉醇的空间分布,旨在为合理开发红豆杉植物资源提供科学依据。本研究采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC),对同一株成熟的南方红豆杉不同时期的叶、皮、枝及背光处树叶中紫杉醇含量进行测定。结果表明,随着植物生长的时间变化,树皮中紫杉醇含量(11mg.kg_-1-17mg.kg_-1)逐渐增高且最多,枝叶中紫杉醇含量(枝13mg.kg_-1-18mg.kg_-1,叶4mg.kg_-1-14mg.kg_-1)在下降,但新生的枝叶(枝18 mg.kg_-1,叶14 mg.kg_-1)却比新皮中(11 mg.kg_-1)紫杉醇含量高;同时光照强的叶中紫杉醇含量(26 mg.kg_-1)比背光处叶含量(2 mg.kg_-1)明显高。对于产业化提取红豆杉中紫杉醇,笔者建议可以利用可再生、生物量大的新生枝叶取代树皮获得更多的紫杉醇产品。     

北热带亚高山土壤肥力垂直分异特征

对北热带亚高山地区红河蝴蝶谷不同海拔（105~3 012 m）单项肥力空间变异及综合肥力分布特征进行研究,通过区分表层（0~20 cm）和亚表层（20~40 cm）,按同层五点混合法采集58个垂直土壤样本,测定土壤肥力指标含量,采用变异系数及修正内梅罗指数法计算单项肥力及土壤综合肥力。研究结果表明,研究区各层土壤单项肥力指标的变异系数在0.11~0.86范围,均属于中等变异,其中,亚表层的pH变异系数接近弱变异,有机质和全氮的变异系数接近强变异,有机质、速效钾、全氮在不同土层变异差异显著;蝴蝶谷土壤综合肥力一般（P为0.9~1.8）,需密切关注,防止肥力下降导致森林生态效益降低;表层和亚表层土壤的综合肥力随着海拔的升高均呈上升趋势,在海拔2 100 m以上区域,表层土壤综合肥力系数明显高于亚表层。以期为北热带山地土壤肥力及生态环境管护、保育、农业生产等提供参考价值。     

松香改性特辛基酚醛油墨树脂分子量GPC表征

利用凝胸渗透色谱法（ＧＰＣ）,建立了最佳测试条件,测试了松香改性特辛基酚醛树脂的分子量。相地误差＝２．４６％,标准偏差＝１．４９,变异系数＝４．９４％,数据重现性较好。本方法操作简单、准确度、精密度均达到较高要求。为这一类型高聚物的分子量测定提供了科学依据。     

Genome composition of triploid lily cultivars derived from sexual polyploidization of Longiflorum × Asiatic hybrids (<Emphasis Type=\"Italic\">Lilium</Emphasis>)

About 19 cultivars, which had originated from backcrosses between F1 LA (Longiflorum × Asiatic) hybrids (2n = 2x = 24) as female parents and Asiatic cultivars as male parents (2n = 2x = 24), were analyzed with genomic in situ hybridization. 17 of them were triploid (2n = 3x = 36), and two aneuploid (2n = 3x + 1 = 37). The triploid cultivars had resulted from the functional 2n eggs produced by the female parents (F1 hybrids) because first division restitution (FDR) occurred in their meiosis during megasporogenesis. Similarly, the aneuploid cultivars had originated from viable 2n + 1 eggs. The extra chromosome in cultivar 041555 or 041572 resulted from one univalent or one half-bivalent which might have lagged behind when the sister chromatids of the other univalents and half-bivalents were segregating during the FDR process in their LA hybrid parents, respectively. That the majority of cultivars possessed recombinant chromosomes showed that intergenomic recombination might play an important role during the selection of the cultivars directly from BC1 progenies. That five cultivars of the 15 recombinant cultivars only had reciprocal recombinant chromosomes and 10 cultivars had non-reciprocal recombinant chromosomes indicates that the latter are more important. Because 9 of the 10 non-reciprocal recombinant cultivars possessed substitutions for recombinant segments, it also indicated that such substitutions could be an important source for the genetic variation in the sexual triploid BC1 progenies. In such cases there was a potential for the expression of the recessive genes of the backcross parent in a nulliplex (aaa) condition in the substituted segments. Genetic variation resulting from such nulliplex loci might have played a role in the selection of some of the cultivars.     

黄河流域棉花品种产量及其组分的长期预测及技术研究

黄河流域棉花品种区域试验参试品种的皮棉产量、单株铃数、单铃重及衣分等资料为原始数据,应用谐波分析技术建立模型进行了拟合及预测研究。经拟合及精度检验,拟合指数均在0．90以上,历史符合率达100％,模型为一级精度。可预测第20轮区试参试品种的皮棉产量为1209kg·hm