非洲花梨木干燥工艺的研究

对非洲花梨木的干燥基准及特性进行了初步研究。结果表明所采用的干燥基准可以对非洲花梨木的薄板进行干燥处理,不仅干燥速度快,而且板面基本没有干燥缺陷。非洲花梨木的边材和心材可采用同一种干燥基准,干燥质量均能达到国家锯材质量标准。     

木材抓具爪形理论的研究

首先对我国木材抓具中的三种基本爪形,即近似横椭圆爪形、近似圆爪形和近似竖椭圆爪形,进行了理论分析。然后借助于电测技术,在密实楞抓取的工况下,测试了木材抓具爪形对抓具抓取性能的影响、测试指标有抓取力、抓取量、单位抓取力和抓取过程中的“卡死”次数。结果表明,不论从力学角度还是从抓取性能实测结果来看,近似横椭圆爪形性能较好,圆爪形次之,近似竖椭圆爪形性能最差。     

浅谈伐区设计出材和实际出材差值产生的原因和解决办法

本文针对森工企业伐区设计出材和实际出材存在的差值 ,通过调查和核查等手段 ,找出了问题存在的原因和解决办法     

Forests to buildings: A geography of log home manufacturing

The article presents a material-geographic study of contemporary log home manufacturing in the Eastern Woodlands of North America. The study investigated relationships between log conversion (i.e., processing) methods and regional location. Manufacturers were grouped by their conversion methods, using hierarchical cluster analysis; and analyzed for spatial correlation, using standard deviational ellipses (SDEs). Tree species utilization, log treatment, horizontal surface type, and corner notch type were found to be spatially differentiating. These attributes were tested for their ability to predict manufacturers’ culture region using multinomial logistic regression (MLR) models. Tree species utilization was an independent variable in all of the predictive models, suggesting a correspondence between building culture and ecological regions. This is consistent with earlier research. The findings suggest that location drives tree species utilization and, thereby, building methods. Like the eco-region itself, log conversion methods vary on a north-south gradient. It is argued that construction knowledge is geo-contextual and that the replacement of scientific wood extraction with ecosystem management as the central paradigm in forestry calls for geo-contextual approaches to sustainability in the construction industry.     

湿地松林分间伐对材种结构的影响研究

根据间伐8年后的湿地松林分生长和主伐造材调查结果，建立了胸径和断面积等与林分保留密度及本底断面积的回归关系，分析比较了不同间伐强度对林木径阶分布和造材材种结构的影响效果。研究结果表明，间伐后林分保留密度对林木胸径和断面积生长以及材种结构等均产生显著影响；尾径20cm及以上规格的材种出材率随间伐强度增大而增大，而14cm及以下规格的材种出材率则随间伐强度的增大而减小。不同伐对照总的出材量虽比间伐的大，但增加的部分主要为较小规格的材种。     

浅谈非洲猪瘟生物安全防控策略

非洲猪瘟是猪的一种急性、烈性传染病,一旦发病,致死率达100％,会给整个养猪业和社会经济造成巨大损失,目前尚没有效疫苗和特效治疗药物,因此非洲猪瘟的生物安全防控对于预防该病的发生具有重要意义.文章从非洲猪瘟的病原学特点、流行现状、诊断方法、疫苗研制和生物安全防控要点等几方面进行叙述,旨在为该病的生物安全防控提供一定的理...     

弓形弯曲原木优化下锯建模与仿真

面对我国森林资源不足、质量不高的状况,建立和应用原木优化下锯理论,提高木材出材率已成为缓解木材供需矛盾的主要途径.本文通过提出弓形弯曲原木的数学模型,全面描述弯曲原木的解析形状,并对弯曲原木的主产出材率进行优化设计,借助计算机辅助设计实现原木优化下锯的三维再现,这对提高原木出材率和利用率、提高木材加工技术水平与现代化程度有着极为重要的实际意义和广泛的应用前景.     

辽宁口岸进境原木疫情分析及检疫监管建议

本文对2001～2010年间辽宁口岸进境原木疫情情况进行分析,探讨了进境原木截获有害生物种类特点、疫情年发生规律特点并对其形成原因进行了深入分析。同时,对今后的检疫监管工作提出了相关建议。     

Relative susceptibility of four species of African mahogany to the shoot borer Hypsipyla robusta (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in the moist semideciduous forest of Ghana

We examined the relative susceptibility of four mahogany species, Khaya ivorensis, Khaya anthotheca, Entandrophragma angolense, and E. utile, to Hypsipyla robusta attack. Seeds were obtained from one to three parent trees for each species. The research was conducted in the moist semideciduous forest zone in Ghana and used a randomized complete block design. Tree height and diameter and height to first branch were measured until 24 months after out-planting in the field. H. robusta damage was assessed by counting the numbers of shoots attacked, branches, and dead shoots. Khaya spp. grew better but experienced more attack than Entandrophragma spp. The relative susceptibility to H. robusta attack, from most to least, of the four species was: K. anthotheca > K. ivorensis > E. angolense > E. utile. At 24 months, the mean number of shoots attacked per tree ranged from 1.0 for an E. utile seed source to 3.6 on for a K. anthotheca seed source. At 15 months, K. anthotheca and K. ivorensis started branching at about 1.5 m, but height of clear trunk increased over time due to self-pruning. As K. anthotheca grew taller, the number of H. robusta attacks per tree declined. This suggested that selection of genotypes and species that are tolerant of H. robusta attack based on infestation of young plants may not be appropriate. Genetic factors more completely reflecting the response of different species and genotypes to H. robusta attack may manifest themselves at later growth stages.     

1-Octanol/Water Partition Coefficient (Kow) and pKa for Ionisable Pesticides Measured by apH-Metric Method

pK_a values for a wide range of commonly used ionisable pesticides, together with the log K_ow values of the most lipophilic form of each, have been measured using pH-metric techniques. Examples of acids, bases and multiprotic compounds from the major classes of herbicides, and a number of insecticides and fungicides that contain ionisable groups, are included. The pK_a and log K_ow values so obtained were generally in good agreement with values taken from the literature that were measured by other methods. The lower limit of log K_ow that could be measured by the pH-metric method lay below the -0·97 obtained for amitrole, but the method could not be applied to glyphosate for which shake-flask measurements indicated log K_ow below -3. The highest log K_ow obtained in this study was 5·12 for pentachlorophenol. The pH-metric technique offers a rapid and convenient method to determine pK_a and log K_ow for ionisable compounds, especially when utilising an automatic titration system linked to a dedicated computer.