广州市畜牧业废水排放与治理现状分析

通过对广州市畜牧业废水排放总量、污染物排放强度、污染负荷和废水治理现状进行分析与评价,提出了防治畜牧业废水污染的对策和建议。     

耕作管理措施对残茬覆盖及其分解的影响

The effects of tillage methods on percent surface residue cover remaining and decomposition rates of crop residues were evaluated in this study. The line transect method was used to measure residue cover percentage on continuous corn (Zea mays L.) plots under no tillage (NT), conventional tillage (CT), chisel plow (CH), and disk tillage (DT). Samples of rye (Secale cereale L.) and hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth) were used for residue decomposition study. Results showed that the percentage of residue cover remaining was significantly higher for NT than for CH and DT and that for CT was the lowest (< 10%). For the same tillage system, the percent residue cover remaining was significantly higher in the higher fertilizer N rate treatments relative to the lower fertilizer N treatments. Weight losses of rye and vetch residues followed a similar pattern under CT and DT, and they were significantly faster in CT and DT than in NT system. Also, the amounts of residue N remaining during the first 16 weeks were always higher under NT than under CT and DT.     

南宁市郊区土壤中汞污染状况调查

分析了来自南宁郊区５个不同地点的土壤汞污染状况。结果表明,这５个不同地点的土壤中的汞含量明显高于全国平均水平。其中汞含量最高的是安吉地区,达到１．６４７ｍｇ／ｋｇ。同时还对种植在这些土壤中的蔬菜的汞含量进行了调查。结果表明,这些地区的蔬菜的汞含量明显偏高。研究结果也说明,蔬菜中汞的含量与土壤中的汞污染程度有明显的相关性。     

大理州洱海流域农业非点源污染现状

通过对洱海流域农业非点源污染现状调查,表明农田过量施用化肥是引起洱海水体富营养化的主要原因     

广水市城郊农业环境质量现状及评价

本文对广水市城郊广水河水体环境质量现状、城效耕地土壤与农作物重金属污染及其环境质量现状进行了评价，结论是水、土和农作物重金属污染加剧，城郊农业环境质量日趋恶化。     

铵、钾同时存在时, 土壤对铵的优先吸附

The water stability of aggregates in various size classes separated from 18 samples of red soils under different managements, and the mechanisms responsible for the formation of water-stable soil aggregates were studied. The results showed that the water stability of soil aggregates declined with increasing size, especially for the low organic matter soils. Organic matter plays a key role in the formation of water-stable soil aggregates. The larger the soil aggregate size, the greater the impact of organic matter on the water stability of soil aggregates. Removal of organic matter markedly disintegrated the large water-stable aggregates (> 2.0 mm) and increased the small ones (< 0.25-0.5mm) to some extent, whereas removal of free iron(aluminium) oxides considerably destroyed aggregates of all sizes, especially the < 0.25-0.5 mm classes. The contents of organic matter in water-stable aggregates increased with aggregate sizes. It is concluded from this study that small water-stable aggregates (< 0.25-0.5 mm) were chiefly cemented by Fe and Al oxides whilst the large ones (> 2.0 mm) were mainly glued up by organic matter. Both free oxides and organic matter contribute to the formation and water stability of aggregates in red soils.     

沈阳市主要农产品污染调查及防治途径的研究

本对沈阳市主要农产品的污染状况进行了调查，分析了污染原因，提出了防治措施。     

土壤环境中的砷及其生态效应

本文总结了国内有关砷的土壤背景值，土壤环境容量，土壤中的行为以及砷的作物生态效应等方面的研究进展；介绍了国内外有关防治土壤砷污染的措施及管理方法；展望了２１世纪土壤砷污染及其生态效应的研究趋势。     

蚯蚓处理菠萝皮渣的研究报告

研究结果表明，与对照稻草＋牛粪腐熟料相比较，蚯蚓在菠萝皮渣＋牛粪腐熟料上的生长很正常，生长速度差不多，但成熟期和产卵期比对照早；蚯蚓在此饵料中的孵化率平均为３．５８条／个，符合其繁殖特性；在日平均气温１９～２２℃范围内，升高温度可加快蚯蚓的孵化；蚯蚓处理这种腐料后的残渣含有机质２９．０３％，Ｎ０．３６％，Ｐ２Ｏ５０．９０％，Ｋ２Ｏ１．０４％，假槟榔在这种残渣中生长速度快于一般盆土，但由于氮素营养不足，叶片呈淡绿色。     

光合细菌在日本的研究和应用

本文综述了日本对光合细菌的研究和应用的情况。主要介绍了日本应用光合细菌处理高浓度有机废水及菌体蛋白在饲料、水产、农业、医药、能源等方面的综合利用成果。