秋冬季果树病虫防治要点

1清除残枝落叶 秋冬季节,结合剪枝剪除病梢、虫梢,并把果园及其周围附近的杂草和枯枝落叶清除干净,集中烧毁或深埋,可以消灭大量越冬害虫。     

河南安阳棉田常用除草剂及其使用方法

河南省安阳市棉花以春直播和夏直播为主。春直播棉田播种前一般进行土壤翻耕,多年生杂草的越冬繁殖体很难在棉田蔓延危害;加上棉花播种期多干旱少雨,一年生杂草种子在表土层干旱的条件下不易萌发;因此棉花苗期很少有杂草危害,一般采用人工或机械锄草即可。     

黑龙江省大豆除草剂应用中出现的问题及应对之策

近年来由于大豆田化学除草剂的不正确使用,在农田植株中出现了不同程度的药害,在土壤中出现了农药残留现象。对于近年来黑龙江省大豆除草剂使用中出现的问题进行了归纳总结,并提出了相应的解决办法。     

Allele Types of Rc Gene of Weedy Rice from Jiangsu Province,China

Weedy rice(Oryza sativa f. spontanea), the predominant type of which has a red pericarp, seriously inhibits growth and yield of direct-seeded rice in Jiangsu Province, China. In this study, we randomly selected 10 weedy rice accessions from 10 plots in Jiangsu, and then sequenced the full lengths of their Rc genes(approximately 6.4 kb). In addition, we collected 166 different full-length Rc genes in the Oryza genus from the literature and from GenBank. A collinearity sequence analysis showed that the 10 weedy rice accessions from Jiangsu all had the same wild-type allele of the Rc gene. Single nucleotide polymorphisms indicated that the nucleotide polymorphisms(π = 0.19) and the proportion of segregation sites(θw = 0.28) of the Rc genes in the 10 weedy rice accessions from Jiangsu were higher than those in 56 weedy rice accessions from USA(π = 0.09 and θw = 0.07). Haplotype and phylogenetic analyses showed that the Rc genes of weedy rice accessions from Jiangsu were not revertants of the rc gene found in Asian cultivated rice(O. sativa) varieties with white pericarp. In addition, Rc gene sequences of the rice varieties Lvdao from Lianyungang, Jiangsu and Tangdao from Anhui were more similar to those of cultivated rice than to the weedy rice from Jiangsu. These findings support the continued quarantine of weedy rice and clarify the evolutionary mechanism of the red pericarp found in the weedy rice of Jiangsu.     

48%甲基磺草酮·莠去津SC防除夏玉米田杂草药效试验

研究了48%甲基磺草酮·莠去津SC防除夏玉米田禾本科杂草和阔叶杂草的使用技术。结果表明,48%甲基磺草酮·莠去津SC防除夏玉米田杂草的适宜用药量以1 650~1 800 g/hm2(ai.792~864 g/hm2)为宜,在夏玉米3~4叶期施药,用药量对水600 kg/hm2常规喷雾,可控制单、双子叶杂草混生的夏玉米田杂草危害。     

冬季棚室蔬菜虫害防治四要点

1 防虫先除草 杂草尤其是多年生杂草,是多种病毒的重要携带者。防治病毒病必须及时铲除棚室内外的杂草,避免传毒害虫栖息、聚集、迁飞进棚,危害蔬菜。 2 防虫要抢早 重点抓住蔬菜苗期,因为苗期幼苗集中在育苗穴盘中,一旦遭遇传毒害虫危害,要比幼苗定植后更加严重。     

10%氰氟草酯水乳剂防除水稻移栽田禾本科杂草效果研究

以新型环境友好型的新制剂10%氰氟草酯水乳剂为供试药剂,于2013年在我国具有代表性的5个水稻主产区进行了水稻田除草药效试验。结果表明,10%氰氟草酯水乳剂对水稻田禾本科杂草具有良好的防除效果且对水稻生长安全,推荐使用制剂用药量为50～70mL/667m2（有效成分75～100g ai/hm2）。     

烟嘧磺隆40克/升油悬剂+2.4D丁脂570克/升乳油防除玉米田苗后杂草药效试验

通过烟嘧磺隆40克/升油悬剂在春玉米苗2.4.6叶期对田间杂草进行防效,结果表明其对春玉米田间禾本科杂草和阔叶杂草具有很好的防除效果,且对春玉米生长安全。在烟嘧磺隆60~120毫升/亩,2.4D丁脂20~40毫升/亩剂量下,药后30天对禾本科和阔叶杂草的株防效,分别为76.1%~100%、95.5%~100%。     

烟嘧磺隆40克/升油悬剂+2,4-D丁脂570克/升乳油防除玉米田苗后杂草药效试验

通过烟嘧磺隆40克/升油悬剂在春玉米苗2.4.6叶期对田间杂草进行防效,结果表明其对春玉米田间禾本科杂草和阔叶杂草具有很好的防除效果,且对春玉米生长安全。在烟嘧磺隆60~120毫升/亩,2.4D丁脂20~40毫升/亩剂量下,药后30天对禾本科和阔叶杂草的株防效,分别为76.1%~100%、95.5%~100%。     

贵池区机插秧中稻大田杂草种类·发生规律及除草对策

于2011～2013年对贵池区机插秧中稻大田杂草种类及出草规律进行了系统调查,提出了机插大田“两封、一杀”的除草对策,实施“前期药除、中期水控、后期补救”的综合防治措施,经大田试验、示范,取得了较好的除草效果。