家禽缺锌症的防治

正1症状①鸡群缺锌大多表现为食欲减退,消化机能降低,两腿软弱。②雏禽羽毛发育异常,缺乏光泽、易断、卷曲,还有缺损,尤以翼羽和尾羽最为明显,严重者不见尾羽、翼羽。③皮肤角质化,生长发育滞缓,腿和趾上有坏死性皮炎和炎性渗出物,创伤愈合缓慢。或脚部皮肤呈鳞片状,易脱落。易于发生骨营养不良和骨短粗症,跗关节肿大,运动失调。④产蛋禽产蛋率降低,蛋壳质量差,有的患有啄蛋癖。种蛋的受精率和孵化率均下降,鸡胚畸形,主要为骨骼发育不良。鸭缺锌表现生长不良和表皮炎,发生在趾间蹼、舌黏膜等处。     

用生物素标记寡核苷酸DNA探针快速检测鱼传染性胰脏坏死病病毒IPNV

研究了用生物素标记的寡核苷酸ＤＮＡ探针快速检测鱼传染性胰脏坏死病病毒ＩＰＮＶ，取得了较好的结果。对探针的灵敏度，特异性进行了灵敏度、特异性进行了测定，并与其它快速检测技术作了比较。     

羊的传染性脓疱病的防治及鉴别诊断

正羊传染性脓疱病又称羊传染性脓疱性皮炎,俗称羊口疮,是由口疮病毒引起的山羊和绵羊的一种急性、接触性传染病。其特征是患羊口唇等处皮肤和黏膜形成红斑、丘疹、脓疱、溃疡和结成疣状厚痂。羔羊最易患病,多为群发。本病在世界各地均有发生,我国北方、西北等养羊较多的地方也较常见,是羊的主要疫病之一。     

一起牛腐蹄病的诊治

腐蹄病是由坏死梭杆菌和节瘤拟杆菌协同感染引起的各种哺乳动物和禽类的创伤性传染病。牛、羊、鹿等反刍动物常见且发病率较高,以侵害反刍动物趾间皮肤及深层软组织为主。该病的特征为动物蹄部组织化脓、坏死、腐败以及角质层破坏。目前,在我国牛、羊饲养场中,腐蹄病的发生率可达到50%,是牛、羊,尤其是奶牛养殖业中危害性最大的传染病性疾病之一。患腐蹄病的奶牛,通常表现为食欲减退,泌乳量下降,繁殖能力降低,严重者被迫淘汰,从而严重地影响到奶牛的生产性能和产奶质量,给奶牛业造成了巨大的经济损失。因此,我国牛、羊,尤其是奶牛腐蹄病的防治工作显得十分重要,一般为慢性经过,多位散发,有时表现为地方流行性。坏死梭杆菌主要以白细胞毒素、内毒素、溶血素、血凝素和各种蛋白酶起致病作用。节瘤拟杆菌主要通过细菌纤毛和蛋白酶起致病作用,其他杂菌在致病中起辅助作用,所以腐蹄病的主要判定依据是检测到病料中是否有节瘤拟杆菌和坏死梭杆菌的存在。     

猪坏死杆菌病的临床症状与诊治

猪坏死杆菌病是由厌氧革兰氏阴性杆菌类梭杆菌属中的坏死梭杆菌引起的猪慢性传染病。在临床上多见于受伤的皮肤、皮下组织和消化道黏膜,以组织坏死为特征,有的在内脏形成转移性坏死灶。本病在世界各地广泛存在,尤以猪坏死性皮炎比较严重。为地方散发流行性,多发生于潮湿和炎热季节。本菌也可感染人,在人皮肤、口腔、肺部形成脓肿。     

猪丹毒的病原与预防

猪丹毒是由猪丹毒杆菌引起的猪急性、热性传染病,病程多为急性败血型和亚急性疹块型,转为慢性主要有慢性关节炎、慢性心内膜炎和慢性皮肤坏死。猪丹毒杆菌是革兰氏阳性纤细小杆菌,在感染动物的组织触片或血片中,呈单在、成对或小丛状,从慢性病灶中分离的菌呈不分枝的长丝状。     

引起猪腹泻症状的病菌性传染病的诊断

1猪丹毒 猪丹毒是红斑丹毒丝菌,俗称猪丹毒杆菌引起的急性热性传染病,其主要特征为高热、急性败血症、皮肤疹块、慢性疣状心内膜炎及皮肤坏死与多发性非化脓性关节炎。目前集约化养猪场比较少见,但仍未完全控制。本病呈世界性分布。这是猪的高热性急性传染病。病猪临床上以体温升高,败血症,颌下皮肤出现疹块为特征。本病发生于架子猪,特急性型体温高达42℃以上,体表出现红斑,躺卧不起,迅速死亡。     

如何防控猪传染性胸膜肺炎

猪传染性胸膜肺炎是由猪传染性胸膜肺炎放线杆菌引起的高度接触性、致死性呼吸道传染病。临床症状是急性败血症、发热、咳嗽、高度呼吸困难。剖检病变是双侧性胸膜肺炎和出血性、坏死性肺炎。每年的春末和秋末,中小型猪场均会集中频繁发生多种猪呼吸道疾病,尤其是生长育肥猪发病率最高。通常在4~5月份和9~11月份,生长育肥猪感染猪传染性胸膜肺炎的几率非常高,针对猪传染性胸膜肺炎的发病特点及正确的防控措施     

鱼类诺达病毒及其所导致的疾病

In recent years, piscine nodaviruses have emerged as major pathogens of a wide range of larval and juvenile marine finfish resulting in high mortality in aquaculture worldwide. Affected fish exhibit a range of neurological signs, such as erratic swimming behaviour with the associated microscopic lesions of necrosis and vacuolation of the central nervous tissues and retina. Numerous roundshaped, unenveloped and 25-30 nm in diameter virus particles were found in the cytoplasm of affected retinal and nerve cells. Nodaviruses have a bipartite genome of positivesense RNA,with RNA1 encoding the RNAdependent RNA polymerase and RNA2 encoding the capsid protein. Both RNA are capped, but not polyadenylated. The family Nodaviridae comprises two genera: Alphanodavirus and Betanodavirus, members of which primarily infect insects and fish, respectively. Therefore, betanodavirus is also named piscine nodavirus. At present, piscine nodaviruses are divided into four genotypes based on partial sequences of the coat protein gene. ELISA and RT-PCR amplification have been developed as specific diagnostic methods for the d etection of the virus. Antibodies to striped jack (Pseudocaranx dentex) nervous necrosis (SJNNV) were found in 65% of plasma samples collected from wild and domestic brood stocks of striped jack, suggesting that the virus is very prevalent. Viral antigens were detected in eggs, larvae, and ovaries of hatcheryreared and wild spawner fish, suggesting both horizontal and vertical modes of transmission of the virus. Selection of nodavirusfree spawners using ELISA for detection of antigens and RT-PCR techniques have successfully reduced incidences of the virus infections in juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax),striped jack and barfin flounder (Verasper moseri). The SSN1 and GF cell lines have been successfully used in isolating piscinenodaviruses.Although there are many papers describing the molecular characteristics of betanodavirus, our knowledge of the genomic attributes of these viruses is still limited. Vaccination studies are being undertaken by a number of researchers and need to be fostered. In particular, the use of passive immunization of broodfish with homologous and heterologous, high titre antisera are worthy of investigation.     

兔泰泽氏病的临床诊治

兔泰泽氏病是由毛样芽孢梭菌引起的一种急性传染病,临床上以严重下痢、脱水和迅速死亡为主要特征,发病率和死亡率较高.特征性病变为肝多发性坏死和肠出血性坏死.本病广泛分布于世界各地,我国家兔中也有流行.兔群中一旦感染,经济损失极大,因此需要广大养兔者注意防范此病,笔者在近期发现数例,特报告如下: